Quantitative Dixon MRI sequences to relate muscle atrophy and fatty degeneration with range of motion and muscle force in brachial plexus injury.

Background: Assessment of muscle atrophy and fatty degeneration in brachial plexus injury (BPI) could yield valuable insight into pathophysiology and could be used to predict clinical outcome. The objective of this study was to quantify and relate fat percentage and cross-sectional area (CSA) of the biceps to range of motion and muscle force of traumatic brachial plexus injury (BPI) patients.

Methods: T1-weighted TSE sequence and three-point Dixon images of the affected and non-affected biceps brachii were acquired on a 3 Tesla magnetic resonance scanner to determine the fat percentage, total and contractile CSA of 20 adult BPI patients.

Radiographic endophenotyping in hip osteoarthritis improves the precision of genetic association analysis.

Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) has a strong genetic component but the success of previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) has been restricted due to insufficient sample sizes and phenotype heterogeneity. Our aim was to examine the effect of clinically relevant endophenotyping according to site of maximal joint space narrowing (maxJSN) and bone remodelling response on GWAS signal detection in hip OA.

Methods: A stratified GWAS meta-analysis was conducted in 2118 radiographically defined hip OA cases and 6500 population-based controls.

Thromboprophylaxis after Knee Arthroscopy and Lower-Leg Casting.

Background: The use of thromboprophylaxis to prevent clinically apparent venous thromboembolism after knee arthroscopy or casting of the lower leg is disputed. We compared the incidence of symptomatic venous thromboembolism after these procedures between patients who received anticoagulant therapy and those who received no anticoagulant therapy.

Methods: We conducted two parallel, pragmatic, multicenter, randomized, controlled, open-label trials with blinded outcome evaluation: the POT-KAST trial, which included patients undergoing knee arthroscopy, and the POT-CAST trial, which included patients treated with casting of the lower leg.

Indication criteria for total hip or knee arthroplasty in osteoarthritis: a state-of-the-science overview.

Background: This systematic review gives an overview of guidelines and original publications as well as the evidence on which the currently proposed indication criteria are based. Until now such a state-of-the-science overview was lacking.

Methods: Websites of orthopaedic and arthritis organizations (English/Dutch language) were independently searched by two authors for THA/TKA guidelines for OA.

Conceptualising humiliation.

Humiliation lacks an empirically derived definition, sometimes simply being equated with shame. We approached the conceptualisation of humiliation from a prototype perspective, identifying 61 features of humiliation, some of which are more central to humiliation (e.g.

Defining an International Standard Set of Outcome Measures for Patients With Hip or Knee Osteoarthritis: Consensus of the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis Working Group.

Objective: To define a minimum Standard Set of outcome measures and case-mix factors for monitoring, comparing, and improving health care for patients with clinically diagnosed hip or knee osteoarthritis (OA), with a focus on defining the outcomes that matter most to patients.

Methods: An international working group of patients, arthroplasty register experts, orthopedic surgeons, primary care physicians, rheumatologists, and physiotherapists representing 10 countries was assembled to review existing literature and practices for assessing outcomes of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic OA therapies, including surgery. A series of 8 teleconferences, incorporating a modified Delphi process, were held to reach consensus.

Peri-prosthetic tissue cells show osteogenic capacity to differentiate into the osteoblastic lineage.

During the process of aseptic loosening of prostheses, particulate wear debris induces a continuous inflammatory-like response resulting in the formation of a layer of fibrous peri-prosthetic tissue at the bone-prosthesis interface. The current treatment for loosening is revision surgery which is associated with a high-morbidity rate, especially in old patients. Therefore, less invasive alternatives are necessary.

Novel Genetic Variants for Cartilage Thickness and Hip Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis is one of the most frequent and disabling diseases of the elderly. Only few genetic variants have been identified for osteoarthritis, which is partly due to large phenotype heterogeneity. To reduce heterogeneity, we here examined cartilage thickness, one of the structural components of joint health.

Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy in Children Aged 0 to 2.5 Years; Parent-Perceived Family Impact, Quality of Life, and Upper Extremity Functioning.

Background: To investigate whether parents perceive impact of neonatal brachial plexus palsy on family and quality of life and upper extremity functioning in children less than 2.5 years.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used the PedsQL Family Impact Module (36 items/one total/four scales/scores 0 to 100), TNO-AZL (Dutch Organisation of Applied Natural Science and Academic Hospital Leiden) Preschool Children Quality of Life (43 items/12 scales/scores 0 to 100) and 21 upper extremity functioning questions.

Palacos compared to Palamed bone cement in total hip replacement: a randomized controlled trial.

Background and purpose - Stability and survival of cemented total hip prostheses is dependent on a multitude of factors, including the type of cement that is used. Bone cements vary in viscosity, from low to medium and high. There have been few clinical RSA studies comparing the performance of low- and high-viscosity bone cements.

Botulinum Toxin Injection for Internal Rotation Contractures in Brachial Plexus Birth Palsy. A Minimum 5-Year Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Brachial plexus birth palsy is frequently associated with internal rotation contractures of the shoulder as a result of muscle imbalance. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) injection in the subscapular (SC) muscle on external rotation and the need for tendon transfer for external rotation of the shoulder.

Methods: A prospective comparative study was performed including 15 consecutive patients treated with BTX-A and a historic control group of 67 patients with mean age 30 months (SD 10).

Outcome of secondary shoulder surgery in children with neonatal brachial plexus palsy with and without nerve surgery treatment history: A long-term follow-up study.

Objective: Irrespective of treatment history, shoulder dysfunction may occur in children with neonatal brachial plexus palsy. Following internal contracture release and/or muscle tendon transfer (ICR/MTT) shoulder function gain is possible. This study describes the outcomes of ICR/MTT for children with neonatal brachial plexus palsy, with or without prior nerve surgery (a group with prior nerve surgery and a group without prior nerve surgery).

Factors associated with the course of health-related quality of life after a hip fracture.

Introduction: The number of hip fracture patients is expected to grow the forthcoming decades. Knowledge of the impact of the fracture on the lives of elderly could help us target our care. The aim of the study is to describe HRQoL (Health-Related Quality of Life) after a hip fracture and to identify factors associated with the course of HRQoL in the first postoperative year.

Preoperative predictors for outcomes after total hip replacement in patients with osteoarthritis: a systematic review.

Background: This systematic review examines which patient related factors influence functional and clinical outcomes after total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: We performed a systematic review according to the PRISMA guidelines. We searched databases and trial registries for prospective studies including OA patients who underwent primary THA.

Genetic Contribution to the Development of Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis in a Population Presenting with Nonacute Knee Symptoms a Decade Earlier.

This study examined the contribution of the osteoarthritis (OA) susceptibility genes ASPN, GDF5, DIO2, and the 7q22 region to the development of radiographic knee OA in patients with a mean age of 40.6 ± 7.9 years (standard deviation) and who suffered from nonacute knee complaints a decade earlier.

Unfulfilled Expectations After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Surgery: There Is a Need for Better Preoperative Patient Information and Education.

Background: The aims of this study were to assess patients' preoperative expectations of the outcome of total hip or knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA) regarding specific aspects of functioning and to determine to what extent each expectation was fulfilled after 1 year.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study. Preoperative expectations and their fulfillment after 1 year were measured with the Hospital for Special Surgery Hip/Knee arthroplasty Expectations Surveys.

Periprosthetic pathology in 'at risk' ceramic-on-polyethylene total hip arthroplasty: a clinical study using MARS-MRI in 50 patients.

Purpose: Recent studies of metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasty (THA) using metal-artefact-reducing-sequence software for magnetic resonance Imaging (MARS-MRI) have revealed remarkable soft tissue pathology around the hip, usually referred to as pseudotumours. Case reports describe identical pathology in non-MoM THA, but descriptive overviews of MRI abnormalities in patients with non-MoM prosthesis are scarce.

Methods: A clinical study in a cohort of 50 ceramic-on-polyethylene (CoP) THA selected for high risk of peri-prosthetic pathology including 2 subgroups: (i) 40 patients with a high polyethylene (PE) wear rate (>0.

Conversion from knee arthrodesis to arthroplasty: systematic review.

Purpose: Arthrodesis (AD) of the knee reduces pain and provides stability, but has severe functional and social limitations. There has been ample discussion on the value of a conversion of an AD to a total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The aim of this study was to perform a review and meta-analysis of the current literature on conversion of an AD to TKA and assess clinical outcome, complication rate, surgical technique and overall patient-related outcome measures.

Inflammatory Cells in Patients with Endstage Knee Osteoarthritis: A Comparison between the Synovium and the Infrapatellar Fat Pad.

Objective: To get a better understanding of inflammatory pathways active in the osteoarthritic (OA) joint, we characterized and compared inflammatory cells in the synovium and the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) of patients with knee OA.

Methods: Infiltrating immune cells were characterized by flow cytometry in 76 patients with knee OA (mean age 63.3, 52% women, median body mass index 28.

Radiological and clinical predictors of long-term outcome in rotator cuff calcific tendinitis.

Objectives: Knowledge on the epidemiology and long-term course of rotator cuff calcific tendinitis (RCCT) is scarce. We assessed demographics, radiological characteristics, and their association with long-term outcomes in a large patient group.

Methods: Baseline demographics, radiological characteristics and treatment were recorded in 342 patients.

Molecular signatures of age-associated chronic degeneration of shoulder muscles.

Chronic muscle diseases are highly prevalent in the elderly causing severe mobility limitations, pain and frailty. The intrinsic molecular mechanisms are poorly understood due to multifactorial causes, slow progression with age and variations between individuals. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms could lead to new treatment options which are currently limited.

Predictive Value of Six Prognostic Scoring Systems for Spinal Bone Metastases: An Analysis Based on 1379 Patients.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess and compare the predictive accuracy of six models designed to estimate survival of patients suffering from spinal bone metastases Just (SBMs).

Summary Of Background Data: On the basis of the estimated survival of patients with SBM, extent of treatment can be adjusted.

Three-dimensional shoulder kinematics normalize after rotator cuff repair.

Background: Patients with a rotator cuff (RC) tear often exhibit scapular dyskinesia with increased scapular lateral rotation and decreased glenohumeral elevation with arm abduction. We hypothesized that in patients with an RC tear, scapular lateral rotation, and thus glenohumeral elevation, will be restored to normal after RC repair.

Methods: Shoulder kinematics were quantitatively analyzed in 26 patients with an electromagnetic tracking device (Flock of Birds) before and 1 year after RC repair in this observational case series.

Barriers and Facilitators Associated with Non-Surgical Treatment Use for Osteoarthritis Patients in Orthopaedic Practice.

Introduction: International evidence-based guidelines for the management of patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA) recommend to start with (a combination of) non-surgical treatments, and using surgical intervention only if a patient does not respond sufficiently to non-surgical treatment options. Despite these recommendations, there are strong indications that non-surgical treatments are not optimally used in orthopaedic practice. To improve the adoption of non-surgical treatments, more insight is needed into barriers and facilitators of these treatments.