Assessment of anti-Salmonella activity of boot dip samples.

The introduction of pathogens from the external environment into poultry houses via the boots of farm workers and visitors presents a significant risk. The use of boot dips containing disinfectant to help prevent this from happening is common practice, but the effectiveness of these boot dips as a preventive measure can vary. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-Salmonella activity of boot dips that are being used on poultry farms.

Epidemiological investigation of Salmonella enterica serovar Kedougou in Thailand.

Objective: Salmonella enterica serovar Kedougou is among the top 10 serovars reported in northern Thailand. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors associated with Salmonella Kedougou infection in Thailand and to compare the molecular types and antimicrobial resistance with Salmonella Kedougou isolates of human origin from United States and of animal origin from the United Kingdom.

Methods: Data from 13,976 Salmonella infections of which 253 were Salmonella Kedougou collected in Thailand between 2002 and 2008 were analyzed by logistic regression.

Characterization of pathogenic and resistant genome repertoire reveals two clonal lines in Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi B (+)-tartrate positive.

A total of 36 contemporary human, animal, and environmental (+)-tartrate-fermenting (dT+) Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B isolates, formerly called Salmonella serovar Java, and five related monophasic S. enterica serovar 4,5,12:b:- isolates from Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom were investigated for clonality and antimicrobial resistance profiles, as well as their virulence and resistance gene repertoire. Two major clonal lines, which could be phenotypically differentiated by the expression of the O:5 antigen, were identified.

Development of a miniaturised microarray-based assay for the rapid identification of antimicrobial resistance genes in Gram-negative bacteria.

We describe the development of a miniaturised microarray for the detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in Gram-negative bacteria. Included on the array are genes encoding resistance to aminoglycosides, trimethoprim, sulphonamides, tetracyclines and beta-lactams, including extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. Validation of the array with control strains demonstrated a 99% correlation between polymerase chain reaction and array results.

Comparison of antimicrobial resistance genes in nontyphoidal salmonellae of serotypes enteritidis, hadar, and virchow from humans and food-producing animals in England and wales.

Isolates of Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis (n = 17), Hadar (n = 18), and Virchow (n = 13) from cases of human infection and from food production animals were screened using a miniaturized antimicrobial microarray to determine the number and spectra of resistance genes. Among Enteritidis, the number of genes detected was: animal isolates, mean = 4.6; human isolates, mean = 5.

Multiple genetic typing of Salmonella Enteritidis phage-types 4, 6, 7, 8 and 13a isolates from animals and humans in the UK.

Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is a common cause of salmonellosis in people in the UK. This study aimed to assess the degree of genetic diversity among animal and human isolates from UK, Wales and northern Ireland. A total of 250 isolates from humans (n = 59) and animals or their environment (n = 191), belonging to the most common phage-types, were fingerprinted by a combination of PFGE, PS ribotyping and plasmid profiling.

Characterization of beta-lactamases responsible for resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica strains from food-producing animals in the United Kingdom.

Nine epidemiologically unrelated isolates [1 Salmonella Bredeney from turkeys, and 8 Escherichia coli [3 environmental isolates (2 from chickens, 1 from pigs), and 5 isolates from cattle with neonatal diarrhea]] were examined both pheno- and genotypically for extended-spectrum beta-lactam (ESBL) resistance. Resistance phenotypes (ampicillin, aztreonam, cefotaxime, cefpodoxime, ceftazidime, and ceftriaxone) suggested the presence of an ESBL enzyme, but cefoxitin MICs (>/= 32 mg/L) suggested the presence of an AmpC-like enzyme. Synergism experiments with benzo(b)thiophene-2-boronic acid (BZBTH2B) and isoelectric focusing (IEF) revealed the presence of an AmpC beta-lactamase with a pI >/= 9.