A rational approach to guide cost-effective de novo donor-specific antibody surveillance with tacrolimus immunosuppression.

De novo donor-specific antibody (dnDSA) after renal transplantation has been shown to correlate with antibody-mediated rejection and allograft loss. However, the lack of proven interventions and the time and cost associated with annual screening for dnDSA are difficult to justify for all recipients. We studied a well-characterized consecutive cohort (n = 949) with over 15 years of prospective dnDSA surveillance to identify risk factors that would help institute a resource-responsible surveillance strategy.

Preventing severe necrotizing enterocolitis: Propensity score analysis of interventions associated with surgical NEC or NEC-associated death.

Purpose: To determine what modifiable interventions used in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are associated with severe necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) requiring surgical intervention.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients treated for NEC at a tertiary hospital from 1991 to 2016 was performed. Patient characteristics were used to calculate propensity scores for likelihood of exposure to seven interventions: enteral feeds, use of glucocorticoids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antacids, antibiotics, or umbilical arterial (UAC) and venous catheters (UVC).

Educational outcomes in school age children with a history of isolated Hirschsprung disease are equivalent to their peers.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess real-world educational outcomes and developmental disorders in patients with a history of Hirschsprung disease compared to an age-matched control group.

Methods: With ethics approval (H2016:014) a retrospective cohort study of all children diagnosed with Hirschsprung disease at a single centre from 1992 to 2017 was performed. A 10:1 date-of-birth matched control cohort was constructed from a population-based directory.

Association Between Prescription Opioid Therapy for Noncancer Pain and Hepatitis C Virus Seroconversion.

Importance: Initiation of injection drug use may be more frequent among people dispensed prescription opioid therapy for noncancer pain, potentially increasing the risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) acquisition.

Objective: To assess the association between medically dispensed long-term prescription opioid therapy for noncancer pain and HCV seroconversion among individuals who were initially injection drug use-naive.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A population-based, retrospective cohort study of individuals tested for HCV in British Columbia, Canada, with linkage to outpatient pharmacy dispensations, was conducted.

Prescription opioid treatment for non-cancer pain and initiation of injection drug use: large retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To assess the association between long term prescription opioid treatment medically dispensed for non-cancer pain and the initiation of injection drug use (IDU) among individuals without a history of substance use.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Large administrative data source (containing information for about 1.

Whole blood biomarkers of acute cardiac allograft rejection: double-crossing the biopsy.

Background: Acute rejection is still a significant barrier to long-term survival of the allograft. Current acute rejection diagnostic methods are not specific enough or are invasive. There have been a number of studies that have explored the blood or the biopsy to discover genomic biomarkers of acute rejection; however, none of the studies to date have used both.