Molecular neurobiology of loss: a role for basolateral amygdala extracellular matrix.

Psychological loss is a common experience that erodes well-being and negatively impacts quality of life. The molecular underpinnings of loss are poorly understood. Here, we investigate the mechanisms of loss using an environmental enrichment removal (ER) paradigm in male rats.

Cross-Sectional Association of Patient Language and Patient-Provider Language Concordance with Video Telemedicine Use Among Patients with Limited English Proficiency.

Background: Telemedicine's dramatic increase during the COVID-19 pandemic elevates the importance of addressing patient-care gaps in telemedicine, especially for patients with limited English proficiency.

Objective: To examine the associations of patient language and patient-provider language concordance with telemedicine visit type (video versus telephone visit).

Design: Cross-sectional automated data study of patient-scheduled primary care telemedicine appointments from March 16, 2020, to October 31, 2020.

Disparities in Use of Video Telemedicine Among Patients With Limited English Proficiency During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

This cross-sectional study assesses whether having limited English proficiency was associated with lower video use compared with telephone use, especially among patients without prior video visit experience, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Tailored Doxycycline Hyclate Loaded In Situ Gel for the Treatment of Periodontitis: Optimization, In Vitro Characterization, and Antimicrobial Studies.

Currently, periodontitis is treated by oral dosage forms (antibiotics) which shows systemic side effects and failed to reach the therapeutic concentration (above minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC) in the periodontal pocket. The present study aimed to overcome the above issues, by designing tailored doxycycline hyclate laden in situ gel by Poloxamer 407, chitosan, and polyethylene glycol 600. The in situ gel-forming system has attracted attention owing to its ability of sustained drug release above MIC, easy administration (syringeability), and high drug retention (localization) in the periodontal cavity.

Oral bioavailability improvement of felodipine using tailored microemulsion: Surface science, ex vivo and in vivo studies.

Felodipine is a calcium channel blocker, which shows low oral bioavailability (<15%) owing to poor water solubility and high first pass metabolism. The aim of the present investigation was to study the surface science (dynamic surface tension) and characteristics of microemulsion (Capmul MCM, Tween 20 and polyethylene glycol) to enhance the oral bioavailability of felodipine by improving permeability of the drug in the intestine. The paper is the first attempt to study the stability of oil-water interface of microemulsion using bubble tensiometer.

Optimization of a novel in situ gel for sustained ocular drug delivery using Box-Behnken design: In vitro, ex vivo, in vivo and human studies.

The aim of the present research work was to formulate, optimize and evaluate the in-situ gel for the ophthalmic drug delivery using the combination of gellan gum and carbopol 934P. The Box-Behnken design was applied to optimize the concentration of gellan gum (X), carbopol 934P (X) and benzododecenium bromide (X) to achieve the maximum viscosity [at physiological condition; 35 °C, pH 7.4, and simulated tear fluid (STF)], mucoadhesive strength, permeability coefficient and sustained release of the drug from the gel with constraint on the viscosity under the non-physiological condition (25 °C, pH 5).

Quality by Design approach for an in situ gelling microemulsion of Lorazepam via intranasal route.

The present study illustrates the application of the concept of Quality by Design for development, optimization and evaluation of Lorazepam loaded microemulsion containing ion responsive In situ gelator gellan gum and carbopol 934. A novel approach involving interactions between surfactant and polymer was employed to achieve controlled drug release and reduced mucociliary clearance. Microemulsion formulated using preliminary solubility study and pseudo ternary phase diagrams showed significantly improved solubilization capacity of Lorazepam with 54.

Dissolution enhancement of chlorzoxazone using cogrinding technique.

Purpose: The aim of the present work was to improve rate of dissolution and processing parameters of BCS class II drug, chlorzoxazone using cogrinding technique in the presence of different excipients as a carrier.

Materials And Methods: The drug was coground with various carriers like polyethylene glycol (PEG 4000), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) E50LV, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)K30, Kaolin and Neusilin US2 using ball mill, where only PEG 4000 improved dissolution rate of drug by bringing amorphization in 1:3 ratio. The coground mixture after 3 and 6 h was evaluated for various analytical, physicochemical and mechanical parameters.

Loop suture technique for optional adjustment in strabismus surgery.

Purpose: To describe a loop suture technique that allows intraoperative conjunctival closure and later optional suture adjustment in strabismus surgery in uncooperative patients.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective case series comprised 25 patients. After a recessed or resected horizontal muscle was secured to the sclera with a primary suture suspended back 2 mm, a second loop suture was passed through the body of the muscle and under the primary suture knot.

Exploration of Novel Co-processed Multifunctional Diluent for the Development of Tablet Dosage Form.

The aim of this investigation was to develop a novel multifunctional co-processed diluent consisting of microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH 102), crospovidone (Polyplasdone XL) and polyethylene glycol 4000. Colloidal silicon dioxide and talc were also incorporated as minor components in the diluent to improve tableting properties. Melt granulation was adopted for preparation of co-processed diluent.

Influence of polymers/excipients on development of agglomerated crystals of secnidazole by crystallo-co-agglomeration technique to improve processability.

Background: Direct tabletting is a need of Pharmaceutical industries. Poor mechanical properties of drug particles require wet granulation which is uneconomical, laborious, and tedious.

Objective: Objective of this work was to study influence of various polymers/excipients on formation of directly compressible Crystallo-co-agglomerates (CCA) of water soluble drug Secnidazole (hydroxy-2-propyl)-1-methyl-2-nitro-5-imidazole), an antimicrobial agent.

Studies on In situ Hydrogel: A Smart Way for Safe and Sustained Ocular Drug Delivery.

The present work describes the formulation development of ophthalmic in situ gelling system using thermo-reversible gelling polymer, i.e. Pluronic F 127 (PF127).

Development of directly compressible metformin hydrochloride by the spray-drying technique.

Metformin hydrochloride exhibits poor compressibility during compaction, often resulting in weak and unacceptable tablets with a high tendency to cap. The purpose of this study was to develop directly compressible metformin hydrochloride by the spray-drying technique in the presence of polymer. Metformin hydrochloride was dissolved in solutions containing a polymer, namely polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30), in various concentrations ranging from 0-3% (m/V).

Fabrication and Evaluation of Bi-layer Tablet Containing Conventional Paracetamol and Modified Release Diclofenac Sodium.

The objectives of present investigation were to achieve immediate release of paracetamol and tailored release of diclofenac sodium from bi-layer tablets. A 2(3) full factorial design was adopted using the amount of polyethylene glycol, microcrystalline cellulose and crospovidone as independent variables for fabricating paracetamol tablets. Diclofenac sodium tablets were prepared using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as a matrixing agent.

Formulation development of smart gel periodontal drug delivery system for local delivery of chemotherapeutic agents with application of experimental design.

Smart gel periodontal drug delivery systems (SGPDDS) containing gellan gum (0.1-0.8% w/v), lutrol F127 (14, 16, and 18% w/v), and ornidazole (1% w/v) were designed for the treatment of periodontal diseases.

Preparation and evaluation of soft gellan gum gel containing paracetamol.

The objective of this study was to develop soft paracetamol gel using gellan gum as a gelling agent and sodium citrate as a source of cation. Different batches were prepared using three different concentrations of gellan gum (0.1, 0.

Application of simplex lattice design and desirability function for the formulation development of mouth dissolving film of salbutamol sulphate.

The aim of the present investigation was to prepare and optimize the formulation of mouth dissolving film of salbutamol sulphate by applying experimental design technique. The films were prepared using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyvinyl alcohol by solvent evaporation technique. Simplex lattice design and desirability function were adopted for the preparation of film possessing desirable and optimized characteristics.

Fabrication of modified release tablet formulation of metoprolol succinate using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and xanthan gum.

The present investigation was undertaken to fabricate modified release tablet of metoprolol succinate using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and xanthan gum as a matrixing agent. A 3(2) full factorial design was employed for the optimization of formulation. The percentage drug released at a given time (Y (60), Y (240) and Y (720)) and the time required for a given percentage of drug to be released (t (50%)) were selected as dependent variables.

Design of a potential colonic drug delivery system of mesalamine.

The aim of the present investigation was to develop a site-specific colonic drug delivery system, built on the principles of the combination of pH and time sensitivity. Press-coated mesalamine tablets with a coat of HPMC E-15 were over-coated with Eudragit S100. The in vitro drug release study was conducted using sequential dissolution technique at pH 1.

Improving the tablet characteristics and dissolution profile of ibuprofen by using a novel coprocessed superdisintegrant: a technical note.

The coprocessed superdisintegrant proved to be superior to the physical blend in terms of flow due to size enlargement. Furthermore, the coprocessed superdisintegrant displayed superiority in terms of crushing strength, disintegration time, and drug dissolution. The advantages of the proposed method are easy adaptability in industry and the possibility of bypassing the existing patents in the ereas of quick disintegration and dissolution.

Prolonged postoperative analgesia for arthrolysis of the elbow joint.

We describe the provision of postoperative analgesia for 6 days for a patient undergoing arthrolysis of the elbow joint. Mobilization of the elbow immediately after operation is essential to maintain movement achieved with surgery and this can be obtained only with effective pain relief. We used continuous infusion of 0.