Comparing the Waste and Environmental Impact of Blepharoplasty at an Office-based Operating Room Versus an Ambulatory Surgery Center in the United States.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the environmental impact of a blepharoplasty as performed by a single surgeon at an office-based operating room (OR) versus at an ambulatory surgery center.

Methods: We employed life cycle analyses on routine, uncomplicated bilateral upper lid blepharoplasties as performed by a single surgeon. Life cycle phases of production, use, and end-of-life treatment were included.

Management of nontuberculous mycobacteria in lung transplant cases: an international Delphi study.

Rationale: Nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) diseases are difficult-to-treat infections, especially in lung transplant (LTx) candidates. Currently, there is a paucity of recommendations on the management of NTM infections in LTx, focusing on complex (MAC), and .

Methods: Pulmonologists, infectious disease specialists, LTx surgeons and Delphi experts with expertise in NTM were recruited.

Bilateral, sequential orbital inflammatory syndrome associated with ruxolitinib.

Ruxolitinib is an oral Janus associated kinase (JAK) inhibitor commonly used in the treatment of primary myelofibrosis. We describe a case of an 86-year-old woman on ruxolitinib for primary myelofibrosis who presented with a three-day history of worsening left eyelid swelling, pain, and decreased vision. Her exam was notable for left upper lid ptosis, periorbital edema, and nearly complete external ophthalmoplegia along with diffuse conjunctival injection and microcystic corneal edema.

Brain MRIs may be of low value in most children diagnosed with isolated growth hormone deficiency.

Objectives: Brain MRIs are considered essential in the evaluation of children diagnosed with growth hormone deficiency (GHD), but there is uncertainty about the appropriate cut-off for diagnosis of GHD and little data about the yield of significant abnormal findings in patients with peak growth hormone (GH) of 7-10 ng/mL. We aimed to assess the frequency of pathogenic MRIs and associated risk factors in relation to peak GH concentrations.

Methods: In this retrospective multicenter study, charts of patients diagnosed with GHD who subsequently had a brain MRI were reviewed.

Structural and mechanical remodeling of the cytoskeleton maintains tensional homeostasis in 3D microtissues under acute dynamic stretch.

When stretched, cells cultured on 2D substrates share a universal softening and fluidization response that arises from poorly understood remodeling of well-conserved cytoskeletal elements. It is known, however, that the structure and distribution of the cytoskeleton is profoundly influenced by the dimensionality of a cell's environment. Therefore, in this study we aimed to determine whether cells cultured in a 3D matrix share this softening behavior and to link it to cytoskeletal remodeling.

Ovaries on ice: freezing fertility in preadolescent female cancer patients.

As survival rates from childhood cancer increase, fertility preservation is becoming increasingly important. Alkylating agents and whole body irradiation, common treatments in childhood cancer, have detrimental effects on follicle viability in females. Currently, ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) is the only option for fertility preservation available to preadolescent females.

Subtenon's local anesthesia for optic nerve sheath fenestration.

Purpose: We used subtenon's local anesthesia for optic nerve sheath fenestration as an alternative to either general or retrobulbar anesthesia.

Methods: Thirty patients with pseudotumor cerebri, who were unresponsive to medical treatment, underwent optic nerve sheath fenestration after administration of topical and subtenon's local anesthesia.

Results: When topical tetracaine, in conjunction with subtenon's anesthesia, was administered at the beginning of the procedure, excellent anesthesia and maximal patient comfort were achieved.

Orbitocraniofacial gunshot wounds: craniofacial reconstruction and preparation of the anophthalmic socket.

This article is a retrospective clinical and radiographic analysis of four patients who survived high caliber orbitocraniofacial gunshot injuries. Early multidisciplinary craniofacial reconstruction included repair of comminuted orbital fractures with multiple autogenous bone grafts and/or porous polyethylene implants, enucleation, and insertion of a hollow silicone sphere as an anophthalmic socket implant. Migration of the silicone implant occurred in one case, requiring replacement with an autogenous dermis fat graft.

Interleukin-2 receptor beta and CD57 expression in orbital tissues from patients with chronic, stable thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.

In order to determine whether components of the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) and lymphoid cells are present in extra ocular and periocular tissues from patients with chronic, stable thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) we studied 16 specimens of extra ocular muscle and periorbital connective tissue from 14 patients with chronic, stable, TAO using an immunohistochemical assay and a panel of murine monoclonal antibodies reactive with IL-2R alpha and beta components and lymphoid cell surface markers. As controls we studied orbital tissues from 11 patients undergoing surgery for unrelated orbital disorders. All extra ocular muscle specimens from patients with TAO exhibited IL-2R beta expression primarily on the perimysium and endomysium surrounding the ocular muscle fasciculi and fibers of which nine specimens stained intensely.

Behavioral economics of drug self-administration. IV. The effects of response requirement on the consumption of and interaction between concurrently available coffee and cigarettes.

In behavioral economics, consumption of a reinforcer is determined by its price and by the price of other available reinforcers. This study examined the effects of price manipulations on the consumption of concurrently available coffee and cigarettes. During fifteen 4-h sessions, coffee and cigarettes were concurrently available according to fixed-ratio (FR) schedules of reinforcement.

The naturalistic oscillating patterns of alcohol consumption in alcoholic methadone patients.

The present study examined the temporal patterns of ethanol self-administration in alcoholics. Blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) for 12 methadone maintenance patients were assessed five times per week for 2 to 8 weeks and for two additional subjects for approximately 1 year. BACs indicated periods of high consumption alternating with brief periods of abstinence.

Combined behavioral and pharmacological treatment of alcoholic methadone patients.

Alcoholism is a prevalent and often debilitating problem among methadone maintenance patients. In this study, the efficacy of a contingency management program in the treatment of three severely alcoholic methadone patients was examined using within-subject experimental designs. The contingency management program made continuation in methadone maintenance contingent upon daily disulfiram consumption.