An Analysis of Junctional Tourniquet Use Within the Department of Defense Trauma Registry.

Background: Junctional hemorrhage is a leading cause of battlefield death. Multiple FDA-approved junctional tourniquet (JTQ) models demonstrate effective hemorrhage control in laboratory settings. However, there are few real-world use cases within the literature.

An Analysis of 24-Hour Survival Based on Arrival by Atypical Ground Transport Versus Ground Emergency Medical Services.

Objectives: Studies comparing police, privately owned vehicle (POV), and ground Emergency Medical Services (GEMS) trauma transports reveal mixed results. It remains unclear whether using nonstandard transport methods may be beneficial in the setting of certain injuries. We sought to determine 24-h survival after transport by police or POV when compared to GEMS.

DOES WHOLE BLOOD RESUSCITATION INCREASE RISK FOR VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM IN TRAUMA PATIENTS? A COMPARISON OF WHOLE BLOOD VS COMPONENT THERAPY IN 3468 PATIENTS.

Background: Whole blood (WB) resuscitation has been shown to provide mortality benefit. However, the impact of whole blood transfusions on the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains unclear. We sought to compare the VTE risk in patients resuscitated with WB vs component therapy (COMP).

Navigation Training for Persons With Visual Disability Through Multisensory Assistive Technology: Mixed Methods Experimental Study.

Background: Visual disability is a growing problem for many middle-aged and older adults. Conventional mobility aids, such as white canes and guide dogs, have notable limitations that have led to increasing interest in electronic travel aids (ETAs). Despite remarkable progress, current ETAs lack empirical evidence and realistic testing environments and often focus on the substitution or augmentation of a single sense.

The criticality of reasonable accommodations: A scoping review revealing gaps in care for patients with blindness and low vision.

Background: Health and healthcare disparities for surgical patients with blindness and low vision (pBLV) stem from inaccessible healthcare systems that lack universal design principles or, at a minimum, reasonable accommodations (RA).

Objectives: We aimed to identify barriers to developing and implementing RAs in the surgical setting and provide a review of best practices for providing RAs.

Methods: We conducted a search of PubMed for evidence of reasonable accommodations, or lack thereof, in the surgical setting.

Neurologic Complications Associated With Burn Injury and Resuscitation.

Background: Treatment for large burn injuries relies on adequate fluid resuscitation secondary to the severe systemic inflammatory response. With improved critical care and better understanding of the complications of over and under resuscitation, morbidity and mortality rates are decreasing. Neurologic complications are not often considered as an over-resuscitation complication after burn injury but may be considered an additional form of compartment syndrome-intracranial compartment syndrome; however, it has not been evaluated for a possible threshold similar to the Ivy Index for abdominal compartment syndrome.

Reducing barriers through education: A scoping review calling for structured disability curricula in surgical training programs.

Background: Patients with disabilities face widespread barriers to accessing surgical care given inaccessible health systems, resulting in poor clinical outcomes and perpetuation of health inequities. One barrier is the lack of education, and therefore awareness, among trainees/providers, of the need for reasonable accommodations for surgical patients with disabilities.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review of the literature on the current state of disabilities curricula in medical education and graduate residency curriculum.

Traumatic brain injury in companion animals: Pathophysiology and treatment.

Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are common in dogs and cats that have sustained head trauma from a variety of causes. In moderate to severe TBI, damage from both the primary and secondary injuries can be life-threatening. TBI management may be further complicated by concurrent injuries in polytrauma patients.

Atypical Presentation of Vitreous Inflammation in a Patient With Hypertensive Retinopathy.

To describe an atypical presentation of vitreous inflammation in a patient with malignant hypertension. A case was evaluated. A patient presenting with a hypertensive emergency was found to have decreased vision in the setting of severe optic nerve head edema, extensive hard exudates, cotton-wool spots, and Elschnig spots in both eyes secondary to malignant hypertension as well as vitreous cells bilaterally.

Characterising practice patterns of human derived, lyophilized coagulation concentrates within the trauma quality improvement program registry.

Objectives: We seek to describe the current practice pattern use of prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) and fibrinogen concentrate (FC) in trauma patients.

Background: Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) and endotheliopathy of trauma (EOT) contribute significantly to mortality from traumatic haemorrhage. FC, and 4-factor PCC are potential treatments for EOT and TIC, respectively.

Venous thromboembolic events associated with blood product administration in an era of whole blood use.

Background: The risks associated with blood product administration and venous thromboembolic events remains unclear. We sought to determine which blood products were associated with the development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).

Methods: We analyzed data from patients ≥18 years of age in the Trauma Quality Improvement Program (TQIP) database that received ≥1 blood product and survived ≥24 ​h.

Evaluating the efficacy of UNav: A computer vision-based navigation aid for persons with blindness or low vision.

UNav is a computer-vision-based localization and navigation aid that provides step-by-step route instructions to reach selected destinations without any infrastructure in both indoor and outdoor environments. Despite the initial literature highlighting UNav's potential, clinical efficacy has not yet been rigorously evaluated. Herein, we assess UNav against standard in-person travel directions (SIPTD) for persons with blindness or low vision (PBLV) in an ecologically valid environment using a non-inferiority design.

Evaluating washing techniques to eliminate external contamination of trace elements in bat fur and bird feathers.

Non-invasive proxies, such as fur and feathers, are likely to be increasingly used to assess the potential exposure of chemicals, including trace metals and metalloids. However, the amount of external contamination is usually unknown, and there is no standard method for removing external contamination of trace metals in fur or feathers. To date, 40 % of studies published related to the measurement of trace metal levels in fur or the hair of non-human mammals and 24 % of studies in feathers do not state any washing methods or did not wash the samples before analysis.

In Pursuit of Optimal Outcomes: A Framework for Quality Standards in Immune Effector Cell Therapy.

Immune effector cell (IEC) therapy represents a transformative advancement in oncology, leveraging the immune system to combat various malignancies. This article outlines a comprehensive framework for establishing and maintaining quality standards in IEC therapy amidst rapid scientific and clinical advancements. We emphasize the integration of structured process measures, robust quality assurance, and meticulous outcome evaluation to ensure treatment efficacy and safety.

Transsphenoidal retrieval of a needlefish beak remnants from the optic canal.

Penetrating orbital trauma from marine creatures, especially needlefish, should be considered after injuries sustained in open water. Advances in endoscopic sinus surgery have enabled surgeons to remove certain orbital foreign bodies through endoscopic endonasal approaches. 3D segmentation is a valuable pre-operative tool in complex endoscopic orbital cases.

Mental Health Diagnoses Risk Among Children and Young Adults With Cerebral Palsy, Chronic Conditions, or Typical Development.

Importance: Mental health (MH) issues in children with cerebral palsy (CP) are poorly understood compared with other pediatric populations.

Objective: To examine MH diagnosis code assignment among children and young adults with CP and compare with typically developing (TD) and chronic condition (CC) pediatric populations.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This case-control study used International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes to create a CP case set and CC and TD control sets using electronic health record data of children and young adults from a large tertiary care children's hospital in the midwestern United States between 2010 and 2022.