Medical supervised duodenal-enteral feeding for the treatment of overweight and obesity: MESUDEFT.

Background: the development of specialised nutritional support techniques allows the maintenance of an adequate supply of nutrients in those patients in whom oral feeding is not possible or is insufficient in relation to their requirements, trying to improve the quality of life, especially in those with chronic diseases. Methods: single-center clinical study carried out in a clinical-nutritional center consisting of a medically supervised nasogastric-duodenal tube feeding treatment for overweight, obesity and increased body fat percentage in patients requiring it by means of duodeno-enteral feeding, expecting losses of more than 10 %. Results: twenty-nine patients completed the protocol (20.

Effect of an Immune-Boosting, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Food Supplement in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Prospective Randomized Pilot Study.

Background: COVID-19 disease is a serious global health problem. Few treatments have been shown to reduce mortality and accelerate time to recovery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effect of a food supplement (probiotics, prebiotics, vitamin D, zinc and selenium) in patients admitted with COVID-19.

Degree of Accuracy of the BMI Z-Score to Determine Excess Fat Mass Using DXA in Children and Adolescents.

Obesity is caused by fat accumulation. BMI Z-score is used to classify the different degrees of weight status in children and adolescents. However, this parameter does not always express the true percentage of body fat.

Factors Associated with Non-Adherence to Drugs in Patients with Chronic Diseases Who Go to Pharmacies in Spain.

Background: Pharmacological non-adherence in chronic diseases is 40-65%. No predictive profile of non-adherence exists in patients with multiple chronic diseases. Our study aimed to quantify the prevalence of non-adherence to pharmacological treatment and its associated factors in patients who visit pharmacies in Spain.

Validation of self-reported adherence in chronic patients visiting pharmacies and factors associated with the overestimation and underestimation of good adherence.

Background: Studies validating indirect methods to identify nonadherence in chronic patients who visit pharmacies are lacking. The aim of this study was to validate self-reported adherence and assess the variables associated with both overestimation and underestimation of good adherence when using this method.

Materials And Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was undertaken to validate self-reported adherence in 132 community pharmacies throughout Spain in 6237 chronic patients.

Macronutrients and micronutrients in Spanish adult vegans (Mediterranean population).

Objective: studies have been published in Europe comparing the mean macronutrient and micronutrient intake values of the general population with those of the vegan population, but none has been conducted in a country that mainly follows the Mediterranean diet. Therefore, the aim of this study was to carry out this comparison in Spain. Methods: a cross-sectional study of a sample of Spanish vegans was designed in 2015.

[Which variables influence compliance with physical activity recommendations in young children?].

Introduction: There are established European guidelines for physical activity in childhood. The main goal of our study was to determine the factors that may influence compliance with European recommendations for physical activity in young children.

Methods: We included 136 children (aged 2-8 years) classified by weight status, calculated based on the body mass index z-score using the growth standards of the World Health Organization.

Influence of Olive Extracts on the Expression of Genes Involved in Lipid Metabolism in Medaka Fish.

. To assess the possible effect of polyphenol-rich olive extracts on lipid metabolism in medaka fish by quantifying the expression of lipogenic and lipolytic genes. .

Factors associated with moderate neonatal hyperthyrotropinemia.

Background: Maternal iodine deficiency is related to high neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values, with the threshold of 5 mIU/L recommended as an indicator of iodine nutrition status. The objective of this study was to analyse possible risk factors for increased TSH that could distort its validity as a marker of iodine status. The clinical relevance of this research question is that if the factors associated with iodine deficiency are known, iodine supplementation can be introduced in risk groups, both during pregnancy and in newborns.

Factors Influencing the Success of Peripheral Venous Access in Neonates.

Purpose: In neonatal units, the use of peripheral venous catheters is a commonly used technique involving risks and local complications. Catheter duration and viability is limited and may involve multiple insertion attempts. Catheterization was considered successful when there were no local complications and the catheter was removed owing to completion of treatment.

[Maternal and infant characteristics associated with obesity in infants under one year of age in northern Mexico].

Introduction: despite the fact that childhood obesity is a serious health problem, little is known about its related factors in early childhood.

Objective: to evaluate which maternal, cognitive and infant factors influence the infant's energy intake and if these influence their nutritional status before the year.

Methods: descriptive study of correlation.

A scoring system to detect fixed airflow limitation in smokers from simple easy-to-use parameters.

No validated screening method currently exists for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in smokers. Therefore, we constructed a predictive model with simple parameters that can be applied for COPD screening to detect fixed airflow limitation. This observational cross-sectional study included a random sample of 222 smokers with no previous diagnosis of COPD undertaken in a Spanish region in 2014-2016.

Physical activity values in two- to seven-year-old children measured by accelerometer over five consecutive 24-hour days.

Introduction: interpretation of accelerometer-derived physical activity in preschool children is confounded by differences in cut-off points.

Aim: the purpose of this study was to analyze physical activity in 2-to-7-year-old children to establish reference values for daily activity.

Methods: observational study in children aged 2-7 years, without chronic diseases and whose parents provided informed consent.

Estimation of body fat among 2-to-7-year-old Spanish children by different skinfolds equations and waist-to-height ratio.

Introduction: It seems relevant to analyze the body composition in the early childhood. However, there is not an agreement in the protocol to assess body composition in this age range/group.

Objective: To determine the most useful equation to estimate the body fat percentage that preschool children contain and the utility of the waist-to-height ratio to determine abdominal obesity.

Screening Tool to Determine Risk of Having Muscle Dysmorphia Symptoms in Men Who Engage in Weight Training at a Gym.

Objective: Although 2 screening tests exist for having a high risk of muscle dysmorphia (MD) symptoms, they both require a long time to apply. Accordingly, we proposed the construction, validation, and implementation of such a test in a mobile application using easy-to-measure factors associated with MD.

Design: Cross-sectional observational study.

Burnout syndrome in nurses working in palliative care units: An analysis of associated factors.

Aims: To analyse the association between psychological, labour and demographic factors and burnout in palliative care nursing.

Background: There is a lack of published research evaluating burnout in palliative care nursing.

Methods: This observational cross-sectional study involved 185 palliative care nurses in Mexico.

A simple equation to estimate body fat percentage in children with overweightness or obesity: a retrospective study.

Background: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) provides separate measurements of fat mass, fat-free mass and bone mass, and is a quick, accurate, and safe technique, yet one that is not readily available in routine clinical practice. Consequently, we aimed to develop statistical formulas to predict fat mass (%) and fat mass index (FMI) with simple parameters (age, sex, weight and height).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational cross-sectional study in 416 overweight or obese patients aged 4-18 years that involved assessing adiposity by DXA (fat mass percentage and FMI), body mass index (BMI), sex and age.

Mortality after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in a Spanish Region.

Aims: To determine out-of-hospital cardiac arrest mortality in the province of Alicante (Spain) and its associated factors.

Methods: Cross-sectional observational study of all patients who received cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by the Emergency Medical Services (EMS) (n = 422) in the province of Alicante in 2013. To determine associated factors, a binary logistic regression model was constructed.

Impact of prematurity and immigration on neonatal screening for sickle cell disease.

Background: Others have described a relationship between hemoglobin A levels and gestational age, gender and ethnicity. However, studies are needed to determine normal cut-off points considering these factors. To address this issue we designed a study to determine the percentiles of normality of neonatal hemoglobin A levels taking these factors into account.

Multivariate Analysis of Thyrotropin in Preterm Newborns Based on Adequacy of Weight for Gestational Age.

Background: Different and conflicting data have been published concerning thyrotropin (TSH) levels among small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) newborns. The hypothesis of this study was that SGA preterm infants have higher TSH levels than those who are not underweight do.

Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed the TSH levels of all preterm newborns with a negative congenital hypothyroidism screening result (TSH <7.

Impact of paid work on the academic performance of nursing students.

Unlabelled: Background. Little research exists on the impact of paid work on academic performance of students of health sciences. No research exists on this subject for students in Colombia.

Protection by polyphenol extract from olive stones against apoptosis produced by oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma cells.

Objective: We evaluated the protective activity of an extract from a by-product such as olive stones, through its ability to inhibit H202 induced apoptosis in the SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line.

Material And Methods: To such end, 20,000 cells/well were cultivated and differentiation with retinoic acid was initiated. Once the cells were differentiated, apoptosis was induced with and without H2O2 extract.

Highest Plasma Phenylalanine Levels in (Very) Premature Infants on Intravenous Feeding; A Need for Concern.

Objective: To analyse the association in newborns between blood levels of phenylalanine and feeding method and gestational age.

Study Design: This observational, cross-sectional study included a sample of 11,829 infants between 2008 and 2013 in a Spanish region. Data were recorded on phenylalanine values, feeding method [breast, formula, mixed (breast plus formula), or partial or fully intravenous feeding], gestational age in weeks (<32, 32-37, ≥37), gender and days since birth at the moment of blood collection.

Fear of becoming pregnant among female healthcare students in Spain.

The inconsistent use of hormonal contraceptive methods can result, during the first year of use, in one in twelve women still having an undesired pregnancy. This may lead to women experiencing fear of becoming pregnant (FBP). We have only found one study examining the proportion of FBP among women who used hormonal contraceptives.