Effectiveness of contact tracing on networks with cliques.

Contact tracing, the practice of isolating individuals who have been in contact with infected individuals, is an effective and practical way of containing disease spread. Here we show that this strategy is particularly effective in the presence of social groups: Once the disease enters a group, contact tracing not only cuts direct infection paths but can also pre-emptively quarantine group members such that it will cut indirect spreading routes. We show these results by using a deliberately stylized model that allows us to isolate the effect of contact tracing within the clique structure of the network where the contagion is spreading.

Sustainable and Green Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel: Insights from Electrochemical and Computational Approaches.

Natural and fragrant compounds, essential oils (EOs) extracted from plants through hydrodistillation, are gaining popularity as eco-friendly and sustainable agents to protect metals and alloys from corrosion in acidic environments. This research focused on extracting and characterizing an EO obtained from the (CC) plant native to India. The study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory properties of this EO on mild steel in a 0.

Directed percolation in random temporal network models with heterogeneities.

The event graph representation of temporal networks suggests that the connectivity of temporal structures can be mapped to a directed percolation problem. However, similarly to percolation theory on static networks, this mapping is valid under the approximation that the structure and interaction dynamics of the temporal network are determined by its local properties, and, otherwise, it is maximally random. We challenge these conditions and demonstrate the robustness of this mapping in case of more complicated systems.

Herd immunity and epidemic size in networks with vaccination homophily.

We study how the herd immunity threshold and the expected epidemic size depend on homophily with respect to vaccine adoption. We find that the presence of homophily considerably increases the critical vaccine coverage needed for herd immunity and that strong homophily can push the threshold entirely out of reach. The epidemic size monotonically increases as a function of homophily strength for a perfect vaccine, while it is maximized at a nontrivial level of homophily when the vaccine efficacy is limited.

Epidemic spreading and digital contact tracing: Effects of heterogeneous mixing and quarantine failures.

Contact tracing via digital tracking applications installed on mobile phones is an important tool for controlling epidemic spreading. Its effectivity can be quantified by modifying the standard methodology for analyzing percolation and connectivity of contact networks. We apply this framework to networks with varying degree distributions, numbers of application users, and probabilities of quarantine failures.

Topological analysis of interaction patterns in cancer-specific gene regulatory network: persistent homology approach.

In this study, we investigated cancer cellular networks in the context of gene interactions and their associated patterns in order to recognize the structural features underlying this disease. We aim to propose that the quest of understanding cancer takes us beyond pairwise interactions between genes to a higher-order construction. We characterize the most prominent network deviations in the gene interaction patterns between cancer and normal samples that contribute to the complexity of this disease.

Stability of Imbalanced Triangles in Gene Regulatory Networks of Cancerous and Normal Cells.

Genes communicate with each other through different regulatory effects, which lead to the emergence of complex network structures in cells, and such structures are expected to be different for normal and cancerous cells. To study these differences, we have investigated the Gene Regulatory Network (GRN) of cells as inferred from RNA-sequencing data. The GRN is a signed weighted network corresponding to the inductive or inhibitory interactions.

A Large Primary Subcutaneous Hydatid Cyst in Proximal Thigh: An Unusual Localization.

Primary muscular hydatidosis is a very rare condition with an incidence of 1%-4% in endemic regions. This case report describes an unusual location of hydatid cyst in the sartorius muscle and the application of imaging in its preoperative diagnosis, choosing a treatment strategy, and monitoring.

Effect of forced treadmill exercise and blocking of opioid receptors with naloxone on memory in male rats.

Background: The forced treadmill running can influence the opioid contents of the brain, through both effects of exercise and the effects of stress caused by coercion. Since opioids can cause negative effects on brain functions, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of forced treadmill exercise and blocking of opioid receptors with naloxone on memory in male rats.

Materials And Methods: Experimental groups were the control, the exercise, the naloxone, and the naloxone exercise.

In-toeing and out-toeing gait conservative treatment; hip anteversion and retroversion: 10-year follow-up.

Background: In-toeing and out-toeing rotational deformities are among the most common referrals for consultation with orthopedic specialists. Although a few number of patients need surgical interventions, most of them get better spontaneously without major complications in adult life. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of permanent gait deformities due to hip rotational disorders in a group of patients who underwent conservative treatments.