Cytokine Levels in Experimental Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion Treated With Either Bevacizumab or Triamcinolone Acetonide.

Purpose: To compare gene expression changes following branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in the pig with and without bevacizumab (BEV) and triamcinolone acetonide (TA).

Methods: Photothrombotic BRVOs were created in both eyes of four groups of nine pigs (2, 6, 10, and 20 days). In each group, six pigs received intravitreal injections of BEV in one eye and TA in the fellow eye, with three pigs serving as untreated BRVO controls.

The Fight Tumour Blindness Registry: Efficient capture of high-quality real-world data in uveal melanoma.

Objective: To describe the development of a web-based data collection tool to track the management and outcomes of uveal melanoma patients.

Design: Description of a clinical registry.

Participants: Patients with uveal melanoma.

Inner Retinal Changes in Acute Experimental BRVO Treated With Bevacizumab or Triamcinolone Acetonide.

Purpose: Apoptosis is a key process in neural degeneration associated with retinal vascular diseases. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antagonists, including bevacizumab, are used to treat macular edema in these diseases. As VEGF has a critical role in the preservation of retinal neuronal cells, this study investigates the effects of bevacizumab on neural damage in a pig model of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and compares it with triamcinolone acetonide (TA) which is reported to possess neuroprotective properties.

Analysis of Circulating Tumour Cells in Early-Stage Uveal Melanoma: Evaluation of Tumour Marker Expression to Increase Capture.

(1) Background: The stratification of uveal melanoma (UM) patients into prognostic groups is critical for patient management and for directing patients towards clinical trials. Current classification is based on clinicopathological and molecular features of the tumour. Analysis of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) has been proposed as a tool to avoid invasive biopsy of the primary tumour.

Better visual outcome associated with early vitrectomy in the management of endophthalmitis.

Aims: To examine the role of early vitrectomy in the management of endophthalmitis from all causes.

Methods: Retrospective study of 290 consecutive subjects diagnosed with endophthalmitis at Auckland District Health Board between 1 January 2006 and 31 July 2019. Main outcome measure was visual acuity at 9-month follow-up and proportion of subjects with severe vision loss (≤20/200).

Endophthalmitis and Bacteraemia following Complicated Cataract Surgery.

A 93-year-old male presented with left eye pain, fever and loss of vision two days after complicated cataract surgery. A diagnosis of Serratia marcescens endophthalmitis and systemic bacteremia was made after the organism was identified on vitreous and peripheral blood cultures. This case demonstrates that an aggressive intraocular infection can lead to bacteremia.

Factors Associated With Positive Microbial Culture in Patients With Endophthalmitis Based on Clinical Presentation and Multimodal Intraocular Sampling.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with positive culture sample in patients with endophthalmitis based on clinical presentation and multimodal intraocular sampling.

Design: Retrospective review.

Methods: A total of 259 subjects with a diagnosis of endophthalmitis presented to a tertiary ophthalmic referral center between 2006 and 2018.

Primary Ocular Toxoplasmosis Presenting to Uveitis Services in a Non-endemic Setting.

Purpose: This study sought to describe the different clinical features and presentations of primary ocular toxoplasmosis in a setting not demonstrating an outbreak of disease.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of patients presenting to uveitis management services in Auckland and Hamilton, New Zealand between 2003 to 2018 with uveitis and positive toxoplasmosis immunoglobulin M serology.

Results: We identified 16 patients with primary acquired toxoplasmosis infection and ocular involvement.

Subtenon Bupivacaine for Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Pterygium Excision: A Double-Blinded Randomized Control Trial.

Purpose: Patients undergoing primary pterygium excision with autologous conjunctival autograft and human tissue adhesive in New Zealand, currently receive subconjunctival anesthesia with oral postoperative analgesia for pain. Our aim was to investigate the potential added benefit of intraoperative subtenon bupivacaine to this regimen.

Methods: A double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized trial was conducted at 2 centers.

Improved Refractive Outcomes of Small-Incision Extracapsular Cataract Surgery after Implementation of a Biometry Training Course.

Purpose: To determine whether a biometry training course could improve refractive outcomes of patients undergoing manual small-incision extracapsular cataract surgery (SICS).

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective, interventional, cohort study at the Pacific Eye Institute, Fiji. SICS refractive outcomes were evaluated before and after a structured biometry teaching course.

Demographic features and visual outcomes of patients presenting to diabetic photo-screening and treated for sight threatening retinopathy in Fiji.

Aim: To describe the demographic features and visual outcomes of patients presenting to photo-screening services, and treated for sight threatening retinopathy (STR) in a low resource setting, Fiji.

Methods: A retrospective review of all new patients who presented for diabetic photo-screening at the Diabetic Eye Clinic, Suva in 2010. Fundus images were graded using standardised guidelines.

In vivo confocal microscopy of climatic droplet keratopathy.

We describe the corneal microstructural changes in a patient with spheroidal degeneration using in vivo confocal microscopy. Multiple hypo- and hyper-reflective spherical lesions were observed in the anterior corneal stroma and Bowman’s layer ranging from 45 to 220 mm in size. The corneal epithelium, posterior stroma and endothelium were otherwise unaffected.

Multifocal choroiditis with panuveitis in a patient with disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex.

Purpose: The authors present a case of multifocal choroiditis and panuveitis secondary to disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS.

Method: Case report and review of relevant literature.

Results: A 48-year-old woman with human immunodeficiency virus was admitted for the work up of abdominal pain, fevers, and weight loss.

Systematic review of breast cancer biology in developing countries (part 2): asian subcontinent and South East Asia.

There has been no systematic appraisal of ethnicity-based variations in breast cancer (BC) biology amongst women from developing countries. A qualitative systematic review was conducted of breast cancer size, stage, grade, histological type, extra-mammary involvement, hormone receptor status as well as patient demographics. This review includes patients from Africa, the Middle East, Eastern Europe, Mexico, the Caribbean and South America.

Systematic review of breast cancer biology in developing countries (part 1): Africa, the middle East, eastern europe, Mexico, the Caribbean and South america.

There has been no systematic appraisal of ethnicity-based variations in breast cancer (BC) biology amongst women from developing countries. A qualitative systematic review was conducted of breast cancer size, stage, grade, histological type, extra-mammary involvement, hormone receptor status as well as patient demographics. This review includes patients from Africa, the Middle East, Eastern Europe, Mexico, the Caribbean and South America.