The optimization of electrochemical immunosensors to detect epithelial sodium channel as a biomarker of hypertension.

The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is a transmembrane protein that regulates the balance of sodium salt levels in the body through its expression in various tissues. The increase in sodium salt in the body is related to the expression of ENaC, thereby increasing blood pressure. Therefore, overexpression of the ENaC protein can be used as a biomarker for hypertension.

UnpadStat Design: Portable Potentiostat for Electrochemical Sensing Measurements Using Screen Printed Carbon Electrode.

In this research a portable potentiostat was built for electrochemical sensing measurements with three electrodes, specifically SPCEs. The circuit uses a microcontroller as the main controller to manage all activities, starting from adjusting the input voltage for the SPCEs, setting measurement parameters, measuring the resulting current, displaying graphics on the touch screen, sending data to the computer via the USB port, and connecting to the SD card. Measurements and errors with cyclic voltammetry techniques have been compared with commercial potentiostats.