The influence of continuous improvement and clinical practice on emergency department (ED) operational performance.

Purpose: The study tests the relationships between continuous improvement (CI) and clinical practices (CP) with perceived operational performance in Australian and New Zealand (NZ) emergency departments.

Design/methodology/approach: A survey instrument was designed to collect data from Australian and NZ Emergency Department physicians to test a model developed from the literature, the continuous improvement and clinical practice (CICP) model. Hypotheses were developed and tested using bivariate correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis.

Exploring the value, enablers and barriers of being a clinician-coach: A qualitative pilot study of clinician-coaches in emergency medicine.

Objective: To explore how clinicians understand coaching and their clinician-coach practice in emergency medicine.

Methods: Participants were surveyed about the value of coaching and their beliefs about the enablers of, and barriers to, being a clinician-coach.

Results: Three themes were developed for the value of coaching: empowerment and growth; enhanced interpersonal dynamics; and reflective transformation.

Navigating competing tensions: A qualitative study of experiences and perceptions of leadership among emergency medicine doctors.

Objectives: Emergency medicine (EM) doctors are often required to manage a diverse set of complex challenges; navigating direct patient care, systemic issues and inter-professional interactions. Leadership is well recognised as crucial in optimising both the delivery and the quality of patient care. There is a clear need to gain greater understanding of the reality of EM leadership through exploring doctors' experience and perception of leadership in EM, yet there is a paucity of research focusing on this area.

Leadership conceptions of nurses and physicians in emergency care: A scoping review.

Background: The Emergency Department (ED) is a setting where teamwork and leadership is imperative, however, the literature to date is mostly discipline (nursing or medical) specific. This scoping review aimed to map what is known about nurses' and physicians' conceptions of leadership in the ED to understand similarities, differences, and opportunities for leadership development and research.

Method: Guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute approach, and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Guidelines, a systematic search of three electronic databases was performed.

Conflict in emergency medicine: A systematic review.

Background: The emergency department (ED) is a demanding and time-pressured environment where doctors must navigate numerous team interactions. Conflicts between health care professionals frequently arise in these settings. We aim to synthesize the individual-, team-, and systemic-level factors that contribute to conflict between clinicians within the ED and explore strategies and opportunities for future research.

Power and politics of leading change in emergency departments: A qualitative study of Australasian emergency physicians.

Objective: The ability to lead change is well recognised as a core leadership competency for clinicians, including emergency physicians. However, little is known about how emergency physicians' think about change leadership. The present study explores Australasian emergency physicians' beliefs about the factors that help and hinder efforts to lead change in Australasian EDs.

Are emergency departments leader identity workspaces? A qualitative study of emergency physicians.

Objective: Emergency medicine is a discipline with complex leadership demands, which are experienced by junior and senior emergency physicians alike. In this environment, emergency physicians can struggle to work out what it means to be a leader and develop professional identities as leaders, necessitating a leader identity workspace. The aim of the present study is to explore whether emergency physicians view their work environment as leader identity workspaces.

Non-clinical intuitions and adaptive heuristics in emergency care: A scoping review.

Background: Across a range of fields, including healthcare, heuristics are typically conceived as a source of bias and systematic error. However, research across the psychological and management sciences shows that intuition and heuristics are also vital sources of adaptive decision strategies, especially in complex, uncertain environments. The complexity of the emergency care environment marks this environment as one in which non-clinical intuitions and heuristics are likely to emerge and function as adaptive decision strategies.

A prospective evaluation of the prevalence of thromboemboli and associated hemostatic dysfunction in dogs with carcinoma or sarcoma.

Background: Knowledge of the prevalence of thromboemboli and the associated hemostatic status in dogs with carcinoma or sarcoma is unknown and might allow earlier intervention.

Objectives: Estimate prevalence of thromboemboli and their association with hemostatic changes in dogs with carcinomas or sarcomas; estimate predictive values of hemostatic variables for thromboembolic disease in tumor-bearing dogs.

Animals: Thirty-two dogs with sarcoma, 30 with carcinoma, 20 healthy age-controlled dogs.

Evidence behind the exhortation? A rapid review of servant leadership's influence and claims in healthcare over the last decade.

Servant leadership is an other-oriented approach to leadership with multiple positive outcomes. However, its influence in the context of medicine, particularly on healthcare leaders, is less clear. We conducted a rapid review to examine the impact of servant leadership in healthcare over the last decade.

Engineering transplantable human lymphatic and blood capillary networks in a porous scaffold.

Due to a relative paucity of studies on human lymphatic assembly in vitro and subsequent in vivo transplantation, capillary formation and survival of primary human lymphatic (hLEC) and blood endothelial cells (hBEC) ± primary human vascular smooth muscle cells (hvSMC) were evaluated and compared in vitro and in vivo. hLEC ± hvSMC or hBEC ± hvSMC were seeded in a 3D porous scaffold in vitro, and capillary percent vascular volume (PVV) and vascular density (VD)/mm assessed. Scaffolds were also transplanted into a sub-cutaneous rat wound with morphology/morphometry assessment.

Goldmann and modified Goldmann tonometry measuring intraocular pressure changes in eyes which underwent myopic laser in situ Keratomileusis and photorefractive keratectomy.

Purpose: Compare intraocular pressure (IOP) measured by a standard Goldmann applanation tonometer prism (IOPg) and a modified correcting applanation tonometer surface Goldmann prism (IOPc) before and after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).

Methods: Goldmann tonometry was analyzed in a retrospective, cross-sectional study, using both GAT and modified-GAT prisms pre-operatively and at the 3 month post-operative appointment on 120 eyes (64 patients) who received LASIK (n = 58) or PRK (n = 62). Demographics, central corneal thickness (CCT), manifest refraction and corneal curvature (CC) data was collected at each visit as well as surgical parameters, including maximum ablation depth.

What factors help and hinder efforts to address incivility in Australasian emergency departments? A modified Delphi study of FACEM perspectives.

Objective: Workplace incivility is a global challenge for healthcare and a major leadership challenge facing emergency physicians. However, little is known about emergency physicians' understanding of the factors that help and hinder attempts to address incivility, or what emergency physicians believe are the priority factors to address. The present study makes a novel contribution to research in this area by examining the perceived enablers of, and barriers to, efforts to address incivility in Australian and Aotearoa New Zealand EDs.

Treatment of Canine Oral Melanomas: A Critical Review of the Literature.

Critical appraisal of the available literature for the treatment of canine oral malignant melanoma (OMM) is lacking. This critical review aimed to evaluate the current literature and provide treatment recommendations and possible suggestions for future canine OMM research. PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched in June 2021, for terms relevant to treatment of OMM.

Gender equity in emergency medicine: Five years on, where are we headed?

The challenge of addressing gender inequality was highlighted in the 2016 Trainee Focus of Emergency Medicine Australasia. Despite increasing numbers of female medical graduates, including increasing female trainees in emergency medicine (EM), this has not yet translated to equal representation in formal leadership roles. Five years later, as the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM) welcomes the second female college president, this article explores the gendered leadership gap in EM from an organisational and intersectional feminist perspective and recommends high-level strategies for change.

Reframing leadership: Leader identity challenges of the emergency physician.

Emergency medicine (EM) leadership is often conceptualised as either administrative leadership within the structure (e.g. head-of-committee leader) or operational/functional leadership within a group (e.

Advancing leadership in Australasian emergency medicine: Taking stock and looking ahead.

Since 2018, the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine has collaborated with the Swinburne University of Technology on a research project to understand and enhance the leadership capacity of emergency physicians, beginning with Australasian Directors of Emergency Medicine (DEMs). Over the last 3 years, this research programme has revealed the complexity of leadership in emergency medicine, illuminating the strengths and limitations of extant research and suggesting promising new directions for emergency medicine leadership and leadership development research. This programme has also shed new light on the knowledge, skills and abilities that DEMs need to develop to catalyse change in the systems where DEMs practice both medicine and leadership.

Review article: Systematic literature review of leadership in emergency departments.

Emergency medicine (EM) is a discipline with complex leadership demands. However, studies of EM physician leadership and ED leadership are in their infancy. As such, there is a lack of clarity about the forms, antecedents, enablers, barriers and consequences of EM physician leadership.

Change in Intraocular Pressure and Ocular Perfusion Pressure Due to Trendelenburg Positioning.

Significance: This study increases foundational knowledge about the dynamic relationships between intraocular pressure (IOP), blood pressure (BP), and mean ocular perfusion pressure (MOPP) in the setting of steep Trendelenburg positioning and may inform medical decision making for patients in which this positioning is planned.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the demographic and clinical factors related to IOP, MOPP, and BP change during Trendelenburg positioning in a large sample of subjects.

Methods: A single-cohort interventional study was conducted at the American Academy of Optometry 2017 annual meeting.

Directors of emergency medicine's beliefs about, barriers to, and enablers of solutions to emergency department crowding and access block.

Objective: To identify opportunities for directors of emergency medicine (DEMs) to lead change efforts to address ED crowding and access block.

Methods: DEMs were surveyed about their beliefs about, barriers to, and enablers of solutions to ED crowding and access block.

Results: Key barriers were insufficient resources, entrenched hospital culture, and lack of political will to address ED crowding and access block.

Leadership challenges of directors of emergency medicine: An Australasian Delphi study.

Objective: Emergency medicine (EM) is an emerging profession with complex clinical and leadership demands. However, studies of leadership in EM are in their infancy. The present study makes a novel contribution to empirical research in this area by examining the leadership challenges faced by Australasian directors of emergency medicine (DEMs).

Role of peer support for people with a spinal cord injury.

Unlabelled: Spinal cord injuries can result in significant physiological and psychological challenges for patients. Nurses have an important role in the rehabilitation of people with a spinal cord injury, as does the provision of peer support by people who are 'living well' after experiencing a spinal cord injury.

Aim: To explore peer support and whether it can have an effective role in a multidisciplinary team approach to supporting a patient with a spinal cord injury.

Epigenetic and Transcriptome Profiling Identifies a Population of Visceral Adipose-Derived Progenitor Cells with the Potential to Differentiate into an Endocrine Pancreatic Lineage.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by the loss of insulin-producing β-cells in the pancreas. T1D can be treated using cadaveric islet transplantation, but this therapy is severely limited by a lack of pancreas donors. To develop an alternative cell source for transplantation therapy, we carried out the epigenetic characterization in nine different adult mouse tissues and identified visceral adipose-derived progenitors as a candidate cell population.

Initial Studies of Validity of the Sensory Processing 3-Dimensions Scale.

Aims: This study examined the validity of a new measure of sensory processing for children, the Sensory Processing 3-Dimensions Scale (SP-3D). The SP-3D is a performance-based measure for children ages three to thirteen years, designed to assess sensory processing abilities, and identify the three patterns of sensory processing disorder (SPD) and related subtypes, including sensory modulation, sensory discrimination, and sensory-based motor disorders.

Methods: Age trends were explored using descriptive statistics and graphing techniques with a sample of children with and without SPD.