Polysaccharide storage myopathy in the M. longissimus lumborum of showjumpers and dressage horses with back pain.

This study was designed to investigate whether horses with clinical signs of back pain due to suspected soft tissue injuries were affected by polysaccharide storage myopathy (PSSM). Diagnosis of PSSM in muscle biopsies obtained from the M. longissimus lumborum of 5 showjumpers and 4 dressage horses with a history of back pain is reported.

Effects of transcutaneous short-term electrical stimulation on M. vastus lateralis characteristics of healthy young men.

Fifteen healthy, untrained male subjects (mean age +/- SD, 22 +/- 5 years) were used to examine the plasticity of myosin heavy chain phenotype, size, oxidative capacity and capillarization of skeletal muscle fibre types with short-term electrical stimulation (ES). Ten subjects were electro-stimulated on both quadriceps muscles with a frequency of 45-60 Hz, with 12 s of stimulation followed by 8 s of recovery for a total of 30 min per day, 3 days per week for 6 weeks. The remaining five subjects served as controls.

Determinants of VO(2) kinetics at high power outputs during a ramp exercise protocol.

Purpose: To determine the relationship between the additional, nonlinear increase in oxygen uptake (Delta VO(2)) that occurs at high power outputs during a ramp cycle ergometer test, on one hand; and possible explanatory mechanisms of the phenomenon, such as cardiorespiratory work, blood lactate, fitness level, or muscle fiber distribution, on the other.

Methods: Ten healthy, sedentary young adults (age (mean +/- SEM), 22 +/- 1 yr) were chosen as subjects. A muscle biopsy specimen was taken from the vastus lateralis of the right leg to determine fiber type distribution by immunohistochemical identification of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms.

Coordinated changes of kinematics and muscle fibre properties with prolonged endurance training.

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between kinematic variables and muscle characteristics by determining (1) if heavy endurance training alters these variables and (2) if such modifications occur in a coordinated manner. Fifteen Andalusian stallions age 41-45 months were used. Five horses were used as controls and 10 horses underwent a training programme based on aerobic exercise for 8 months.

Co-ordinated expression of contractile and non-contractile features of control equine muscle fibre types characterised by immunostaining of myosin heavy chains.

Combined methodologies of immunohistochemistry, histochemistry and photometric image analysis were applied: (1) to characterise control equine skeletal muscle fibres according to their myosin heavy chain (MyHC) composition and (2) to determine on a fibre-to-fibre basis the correlation between contractile [i.e. MyHC(s), myofibrillar ATPase (mATPase) and sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) isoforms], metabolic [i.

Limb myosin heavy chain isoproteins and muscle fiber types in the adult goat (Capra hircus).

The primary focus of this study was the accurate classification of limb skeletal muscle fiber types in adult goats (Capra hircus) according to the myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform they express. Combined methodologies of gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry, myofibrillar ATPase (mATPase), and quantitative metabolic enzyme histochemistry of M. semitendinosus samples were developed.

Immunolabelling, histochemistry and in situ hybridisation in human skeletal muscle fibres to detect myosin heavy chain expression at the protein and mRNA level.

The distribution of muscle fibres classified on the basis of their content of different myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms was analysed in vastus lateralis muscle biopsies of 15 young men (with an average age of 22 y) by correlating immunohistochemistry with specific anti-MHC monoclonal antibodies, myofibrillar ATPase (mATPase) histochemistry and in situ hybridisation with probes specific for MHC beta-slow, MHC-IIA and MHC-IIX. The characterisation of a large number of individual fibres was compared and correlated on a fibre-to-fibre basis. The panel of monoclonal antibodies used in the study allowed classification of human skeletal muscle fibres into 5 categories according to the MHC isoform they express at the protein level, types I, I+IIA, IIA, IIAX and IIX.

[Adrenocortical macronodular hyperplasia with massive enlargement of the gland. A rare variant of autonomous hypercortisolism].

Objective: To present a case of Cushing's syndrome due to massive adrenocortical macronodular hyperplasia that gave the gland the appearance of a pseudotumor.

Methods: In a review of the surgical pathology of the adrenal gland recently performed in our hospital, 82 adrenalectomy specimens obtained from 1978-1998 were found. Of these 82 surgical specimens, 44 (53.

Evidence for three fast myosin heavy chain isoforms in type II skeletal muscle fibers in the adult llama (Lama glama).

Skeletal muscle fiber types classified on the basis of their content of different myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms were analyzed in samples from hindlimb muscles of adult sedentary llamas (Lama glama) by correlating immunohistochemistry with specific anti-MHC monoclonal antibodies, myofibrillar ATPase (mATPase) histochemistry, and quantitative histochemistry of fiber metabolic and size properties. The immunohistochemical technique allowed the separation of four pure (i.e.

Chimeric synthetic peptides from the nucleocapsid p24 protein of human immunodeficiency virus type-1.

Two chimeric synthetic peptides incorporating antigenic sequences from N-terminal (peptide C14) (134-163) and C-terminal (peptide C15) (335-364) of the p24 protein of human immunodefiency virus (HIV- 1), were synthesized. Peptides C14-GG-C15 and C15-GG-C14 represented sequences from the p24 protein in both possible orders, separated by two glycine residues as arm spacers. These peptides were evaluated as antigen in an Ultramicroenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (UMELISA) using sera of HIV-1-infected individuals (n = 16) with different titers of antibodies and the specificity was evaluated with healthy blood donors (n = 20).

Early and long-term changes of equine skeletal muscle in response to endurance training and detraining.

Twenty-four 4-year-old Andalusian (Spanish breed) stallions were used to examine the plasticity of myosin heavy chain (MHC) phenotype and the metabolic profile in horse skeletal muscle with long-term endurance-exercise training and detraining. Sixteen horses underwent a training programme based on aerobic exercises for 8 months. Afterwards, they were kept in paddocks for 3 months.

Favourable effect of an acidified milk (LC-1) on Helicobacter pylori gastritis in man.

Objective: The supernatant of Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 culture was shown to be bactericidal and to have a partial, acid-independent suppressive effect on Helicobacter pylori in humans. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of L. johnsonii La1-acidified milk (LC-1) on H.

Myosin heavy chain profile of equine gluteus medius muscle following prolonged draught-exercise training and detraining.

Fourteen 4-year old Andalusian mares were used to examine the plasticity of myosin heavy chain (MHC) composition in horse skeletal muscle with heavy draught-exercise training and detraining. Seven horses underwent a training programme based on carriage exercises for 8 months. Afterwards, they were kept in paddocks for 3 months.

Hepatitis B virus exposure in human immunodeficiency virus seropositive Cuban patients.

In order to estimate the prevalence of serological markers of exposure to Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), 295 subjects were selected at random from the National Registry of human immunodeficiency virus positive subjects. Evidence of exposure to HBV was defined as: testing Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-Hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) positive or anti-HBc positive only. Overall, 133 (45.

Skeletal myosin heavy chain composition and carriage training.

Three different myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms have been identified in the equine gluteus medius muscle: the slow or MHC-I and the 2 fast MHC-IIA and MHC-IIX isoforms. They are distributed in 3 fibre types containing a single MHC (I, IIA, IIX) and 2 hybrid types co-expressing 2 isoforms (I + IIA, IIA + IIX). The aim of this study was to determine if heavy carriage training alters skeletal MHC composition in horses.

[Facial nerve anomaly. A morphohistological study. Apropos a case].

A malformation of the facial nerve in the temporal bone of an otherwise normal adult is reported. The abnormality consisted in the facial nerve obstructing the oval window in the second part of its intrapetrosal section.

[Polyps, nodules, and Reinke edema. An epidemiological and histopathological study].

A retrospective epidemiological and histopathological review was made of 258 patients. Forty had laryngeal polyps, 35 vocal fold nodules, and 41 Reinke edema. One hundred forty-two records were excluded for lack of epidemiological or histopathological data.

Analysis of myosin heavy chains at the protein level in horse skeletal muscle.

Combined methodologies of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), immunoblotting, traditional myofibrillar ATPase (mATPase) histochemistry and immunocytochemistry of whole biopsied samples were used to study myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms in the equine gluteus medius muscle. The ELISA technique allowed the quantification of the three MHC isoforms known to be present in different horse muscles: slow (MHC-I) and two fast (termed MHC-IIA and MCH-IIX). The SDS-PAGE method resolved MHCs in three bands: MHC-I, MHC-IIX and MHC-IIA from the fastest to the slowest migrating band and a quantification by densitometry for each MHC isoform was also possible.

Distribution of fast myosin heavy chain-based muscle fibres in the gluteus medius of untrained horses: mismatch between antigenic and ATPase determinants.

The distribution of muscle fibres classified on the basis of their content of different myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms was analysed in muscle biopsies from the gluteus medius of adult untrained horses by correlating immunohistochemistry with specific anti-MHC monoclonal antibodies and standard myofibrillar ATPase (mATPase) histochemistry. Percutaneous needle biopsies were taken at 3 depths (20, 40 and 60 mm) from 4 4-y-old Andalusian stallions. The percentage of 'pure' I MHC fibres increased whereas that for pure IIX MHC fibres decreased from the most superficial to the deepest sampling site.

Interrelationships of myofibrillar ATPase activity and metabolic properties of myosin heavy chain-based fibre types in rat skeletal muscle.

Myofibrillar ATPase (mATPase), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) activities and cross-sectional area (CSA) were measured in fibres of rat medial gastrocnemius muscle using quantitative histochemistry. The same fibres were typed immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies specific to selected myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms. The values of mATPase, SDH, GPD and CSA formed a continuum, but significant differences in mean values were observed among fibre types of presumed homogeneous MHC content.

Fibre size and metabolic properties of myosin heavy chain-based fibre types in rat skeletal muscle.

Cross-sectional area (CSA), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) activities were measured in single fibres of adult rat medial gastrocneminus muscle (deep region) using quantitative histochemical procedures. The same fibres were identified in serial sections stained by immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibodies specific for selected myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms. The values of CSA, SDH and GPD activities formed a continuum, but significant differences in mean values were observed among fibre types of presumed homogeneous MyHC content.