Neonatal Antibiotic Treatment Can Affect Stool Pattern and Oral Tolerance in Preterm Infants.

Preterm neonates are at high risk of infectious and inflammatory diseases which require antibiotic treatment. Antibiotics influence neonatal gut microbiome development, and intestinal dysbiosis has been associated with delayed gastrointestinal transit. Neonates who take less time to pass meconium have a better tolerance to enteral feeding.

Cord Blood SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibodies and Their Association With Maternal Immunity and Neonatal Outcomes.

Passive transplacental immunity is crucial for neonatal protection from infections. Data on the correlation between neonatal immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and protection from adverse outcomes is scarce. This work aimed to describe neonatal seropositivity in the context of maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection, seropositivity, and neonatal outcomes.

Estimating Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis Based on Feeding Practices.

(1) Background: The relationship between enteral nutrition and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) among premature neonates is still unclear. The present work was designed to assess the relationship between NEC and feeding strategies compared to control infants. (2) Methods: A retrospective case-control study of premature infants (<35 weeks' gestation) with or without NEC that examined feeding practices and clinical characteristics at birth and 3, 7, and 14-day hospitalization, with a longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis.

Retinopathy of prematurity, frequency and risk factors in very low birth weight infants.

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the principal cause of blindness during childhood. The objective of this study was to analyze the frequency of ROP and risk factors associated with ROP in a cohort of very low birth weight infants.

Methods: A cases (ROP) and controls (no ROP) study of infants less than 1500 g was conducted.

[Perinatal mortality: a proposed analysis].

Perinatal mortality is an epidemiologic indicator that evaluates materno-infantil quality care indirectly. Obtaining rates of perinatal mortality from continuous and confident information systems allow us a more precise evaluation of quality care in developed countries. In developing countries as Mexico, there aren't yet evaluating health programs that let us to know the actual situation of our medical care.

[Trends of perinatal mortality at the National Institute of Perinatology].

The purpose of this study is to address the yearly fetal, neonatal, crude death rates observed at the Instituto Nacional de Perinatología from 1987 through 1997, and the specific death rates for birth weight, gestation age, cause of death, avoidability, and structure and process failures as proxy to quality of medical care. Data come from death certificates following the WHO criteria which includes the maternal medical history, pregnancy follow up, birth attendance, newborn characteristics, autopsy findings, microbiological results, basic cause of death (of both maternal and fetal/neonatal origin), death avoidability, and structure and process issues. The death certificates were analyzed by the Perinatal Mortality Committee and registered into a computerized database.

Neonatal dermatology: skin care guidelines.

Skin care of the neonate is a very important issue, especially if the infant is either premature or is in critical condition. Guidelines for skin care put special emphasis on the skin barrier properties, transcutaneous absorption, and transepidermal water losses of the skin. The main objective of this article is to give general skin care guidelines for full-term newborn and premature infants, whether in the delivery room, the intensive care unit, or at home.

[The effect of phenobarbital on the severity of intraventricular hemorrhage].

During an eight-months period, we studied every newborns under 34 gestation weeks who needed mechanical ventilation (MV) from the moment they were born and whom had an ultrasonogram without intraventricular hemorrhage in the first six hours after birth. Patient were separated in two groups: the first, a group of 30 patients received phenobarbital 20 mg/kg IV in the first 6 hours of life and then 2.5 mg/kg, I.

[Child of insulin-dependent diabetic mother: neonatal impact].

Pregnancy and diabetes mellitus have been associated to a high incidence of neonatal morbidity and mortality. The purpose of the present study was to determinate the incidence of macrosomia, congenital malformations and their effect in the neonatal period. We review 42 live infants of insulin dependent diabetic mothers (IDDM) in a third level center.

[Nosocomial infection in newborn infants on mechanical ventilation].

During a two-year period (1988-1989), were studied newborns treated with intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV). The goal was to know incidence of infections in these patients and characteristics of these process. Of 187, 40 (21.

[The perinatal aspects of surviving low-birth weight neonates].

We analyzed prenatal history of 277 live low birth weight infants (less than 2,500 g). We tried to determine some perinatal factors that may be associated with good prognosis in this group of babies. The variables analyzed were: maternal age, number of prenatal visits, complication of pregnancy, mode of delivery, birth weight, sex, gestational age.

[Morbidity and mortality in low birth weight infants].

The results in morbidity and mortality between 415 newborn infants with birth weight under 2,500 g are presented; the patients with great congenital malformations were not included. The population was divided in three categories 1,500-2,499 g, 1,000-1,499 g and less than 1,000 g and each categorie was divided in small for gestational age (SGE) and appropriate for gestational age (AGE). The mortality rate was very high in the extreme low birth weight.

[Effects of early multimodal stimulation on preterm newborn infants].

During the last trimester of pregnancy, newborns are deprived of both maternal biorhythms, tactile, kinesthetic and auditory stimulation which characterize the intrauterine environment. The purpose of this study is to determine if supplemental multimodal stimulation improves neurobehavioral performance, increases weight gain and shortens hospital stay. Nine neonates with the following characteristics were included in an early multimodal stimulation program: 1) gestational age less than or equal to 34 weeks, 2) feeding through orogastric tubing, 3) hemodynamically stable, with no signs of hemorrhaging, infections, or any suggestion of neurological damage, convulsions or congenital malformations.