FhaA plays a key role in mycobacterial polar elongation and asymmetric growth.

Unlabelled: Mycobacteria, including pathogens like , exhibit unique growth patterns and cell envelope structures that challenge our understanding of bacterial physiology. This study sheds light on FhaA, a conserved protein in , revealing its pivotal role in coordinating cell envelope biogenesis and asymmetric growth. The elucidation of the FhaA interactome in living mycobacterial cells reveals its participation in the protein network orchestrating cell envelope biogenesis and cell elongation/division.

An easy to implement empirical approach for estimating underwater sound transmission loss during pile driving in Florida.

Underwater noise data were collected from 84 pile drives during bridge construction at various sites in Florida. These data were used to develop an empirically based model for underwater transmission loss associated with root mean squared, peak, and sound exposure level values. The model was verified using readings from other datasets as well as data from this study, and it appeared to reproduce reported transmission loss coefficient values well when data were curated to match data used in the empirical model's development and limited to situations where robust data were used in model development.

Detection of germline CNVs from gene panel data: benchmarking the state of the art.

Germline copy number variants (CNVs) play a significant role in hereditary diseases. However, the accurate detection of CNVs from targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) gene panel data remains a challenging task. Several tools for calling CNVs within this context have been published to date, but the available benchmarks suffer from limitations, including testing on simulated data, testing on small datasets, and testing a small subset of published tools.

Safety of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction cells to treat Parkinson's disease.

Neuroinflammation is a significant correlate of Parkinson's Disease (PD), with positron emission tomography showing microglial activation early in the PD process and post-mortem tissue containing reactive microglia. Adipose-derived (AD) stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells have been shown to respond to pro-inflammatory conditions with secretion of anti-inflammatory paracrine factors. This pilot clinical trial was to examine the safety and clinical response using autologous ADSVF to treat PD.

Early Steroid Withdrawal Versus Steroid Maintenance in Adults Older than 65 Receiving Second Kidney Transplants.

Background: The role of steroid maintenance (SM) therapy in older adults with kidney retransplants is uncertain due to the intricate balance between rejection and adverse event risks. We aimed to assess their long-term outcomes, comparing SM versus early steroid withdrawal (ESW).

Methods: Retrospective United Network for Organ Sharing registry cohort study.

Qualitative Exploration of Abdominal Transplant Surgeon Perception of Retirement.

Background: For many surgeons, retirement is an emotionally evocative subject, tied to a sense of loss. With minimal guidelines to facilitate a smooth transition, physicians tend to be inadequately prepared. There are few qualitative studies exploring surgeons' perspectives and none focused on transplant surgeons, a population with arguably unique challenges.

Toward a Consensus on Strategies to Support Opioid Use Disorder Care Transitions Following Hospitalization: A Modified Delphi Process.

Background: Despite proliferation of acute-care interventions to initiate medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), significant challenges remain to supporting care continuity following discharge. Research is needed to inform effective hospital strategies to support patient transitions to ongoing MOUD in the community.

Objective: To inform a taxonomy of care transition strategies to support MOUD continuity from hospital to community-based settings and assess their perceived impact and feasibility among experts in the field.

The societal cost of 'unwanted' loneliness in Spain.

Unwanted loneliness negatively affects people's health and quality of life, increasing morbidity and the risk of premature death; this situation can generate major social costs. The aim of this study is to estimate the social costs of loneliness in Spain for 2021: both tangible costs -monetary value of health costs and production losses- and intangible costs -Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs). To estimate costs not derived from mortality, information from a sample of 400 people with unwanted loneliness was compared with that derived from two samples of the general population obtained from the Spanish National Health Surveys.

The odyssey of the TR(i)P journey to the cellular membrane.

Ion channels are integral membrane proteins mediating ion flow in response to changes in their environment. Among the different types of ion channels reported to date, the super-family of TRP channels stands out since its members have been linked to many pathophysiological processes. The family comprises 6 subfamilies and 28 members in mammals, which are widely distributed throughout most tissues and organs and have an important role in several aspects of cellular physiology.

Transitions of care between jail-based medications for opioid use disorder and ongoing treatment in the community: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Offering medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) in carceral settings significantly reduces overdose. However, it is unknown to what extent individuals in jails continue MOUD once they leave incarceration. We aimed to assess the relationship between in-jail MOUD and MOUD continuity in the month following release.

Successful endoscopic laser lithotripsy in 2 cases of Bouveret syndrome and cholecystocolonic fistulae-induced colonic obstruction: a minimally invasive approach.

Video 1Two successful cases of endoscopic treatment for Bouveret syndrome and gallstone ileus are shown, including imaging and endoscopic videos. Endoscopy is favored over surgery due to lower morbidity and mortality rates. Laser lithotripsy offers precision and minimal tissue damage.

What would it really take to solve the overdose epidemic in the United States?

The high overdose mortality rates in the United States poses several questions: Why have they been increasing exponentially since 1979? Why are they so high? And how can they be greatly reduced? Building on past research, the causes of the increase seem to be deeply rooted in US social and economic structures and processes, rather than due only to opioid prescription patterns or the advent of synthetic opioids. Given this, we consider what changes might be needed to reverse the exponentially-increasing overdose mortality. We use a path dependency argument to argue that the United States political, economic, and public health systems have helped create this crisis and, unfortunately, continue to heighten it.

Cardiorespiratory Instability after Percutaneous Patent Ductus Arteriosus Closure: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Objective: To evaluate postprocedural clinical characteristics of preterm infants undergoing transcatheter patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure, including oxygenation/ventilation failure and cardiovascular compromise.

Study Design: Multicenter retrospective cohort study of preterm infants who were ≤2 kg at the time of percutaneous PDA closure between August 2018 and July 2021. Indices of cardiorespiratory stability were collected pre-closure, immediately post-closure, and subsequently averaged every 4 hours for the first 24 hours post-procedure.

Challenging frontiers: Canine sporotrichosis due to first case in Chile.

We report the first case of in a dog at Santiago, Chile. From an initial biopsy obtained from the patient, a histopathological study was performed that oriented a fungal infection. The molecular diagnosis from the isolated colony confirmed the identity of the agent.

Innovations in surgery for gallbladder cancer: A review of robotic surgery as a feasible and safe option.

Background: This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of robotic-assisted surgical techniques in the treatment of gallbladder cancer, comparing it with traditional open and laparoscopic methods.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature searched for comparative analyses of patient outcomes following robotic, open, and laparoscopic surgeries, focusing on oncological results and perioperative benefits.

Results: Five total studies published between 2019 and 2023 were identified.

The secretome from human-derived mesenchymal stem cells augments the activity of antitumor plant extracts in vitro.

Cancer is understood as a multifactorial disease that involve multiple cell types and phenotypes in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The components of the TME can interact directly or via soluble factors (cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, extracellular vesicles, etc.).

Genetically divergent associated with septic arthritis, Montevideo, Uruguay.

Here we report a case of septic arthritis associated with a genetically divergent strain in a patient with chronic rheumatoid arthritis and Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) in Maldonado, Uruguay. In this study mass spectrometry together with whole-genome sequencing using Oxford Nanopore technology allowed for the correct identification of the etiologic agent.

Pandemic telehealth flexibilities for buprenorphine treatment: a synthesis of evidence and policy implications for expanding opioid use disorder care in the United States.

Buprenorphine is a highly effective treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) and a critical tool for addressing the worsening US overdose crisis. However, multiple barriers to treatment-including stringent federal regulations-have historically made this medication hard to reach for many who need it. In 2020, under the COVID-19 public health emergency, federal regulators substantially changed access to buprenorphine by allowing prescribers to initiate patients on buprenorphine via telehealth without first evaluating them in person.

Rural-urban disparities in the availability of hospital-based screening, medications for opioid use disorder, and addiction consult services.

Introduction: Hospitals are an ideal setting to stage opioid-related interventions with patients who are hospitalized due to overdose or other substance use-related complications. Transitional opioid programs-which initiate care and provide linkages upon discharge, such as screening, initiation of medications for opioid use disorder, and addiction consult services-have become the gold standard, but implementation has been uneven. The purpose of this study was to assess disparities in the availability of hospital-based transitional opioid programs, across rural and urban hospital settings in the United States.