Neoadjuvant Therapy in Robotic Lung Surgery: Elevating Surgical Complexity Without Compromising Outcomes.

Neoadjuvant therapy, particularly the combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy, has become standard in treating locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While this approach improves pathologic responses, its effect on postoperative outcomes following robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) is not fully characterized. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of neoadjuvant therapy on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing RATS for NSCLC, focusing on operative time, conversion rates to open surgery, and postoperative complications.

Potential Impact of Omega 6/3 Ratio and CD68+ Macrophage Infiltration on Survival in NSCLC Patients Undergoing Pulmonary Resection.

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for the majority of cases. The stage of detection significantly influences survival rates with early-stage diagnosis offering the best prognosis. This study investigates the prognostic impact of the omega-6/omega-3 ratio and tumor infiltration by CD8+ lymphocytes and CD68+ macrophages on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in NSCLC patients undergoing pulmonary resection.

Excess secondary sludge reuse by HO thermal dehydration.

The excess of activated sludge generated in municipal wastewater treatment plants constitutes one of the challenging problems facing modern society. The high-water content of this waste makes difficult the transport, disposal, and management of these solids. In this work, activated sludge excess from a secondary clarifier has been dehydrated by means of a combination of temperature and hydrogen peroxide treatment.

A Comparison of Total Thoracoscopic and Robotic Surgery for Lung Cancer Lymphadenectomy.

Background: Robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) is used increasingly frequently in major lung resection for early stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but has not yet been fully evaluated. The aim of this study was to compare the surgical outcomes of lymph node dissection (LND) performed via RATS with those from totally thoracoscopic (TT) four-port videothoracoscopy.

Methods: Clinical and pathological data were collected retrospectively from patients with clinical stage N0 NSCLC who underwent pulmonary resection in the form of lobectomy or segmental resection between June 2010 and November 2022.

The Influence of Preoperative Nutritional and Systemic Inflammatory Status on Perioperative Outcomes following Da Vinci Robot-Assisted Thoracic Lung Cancer Surgery.

Background: Nutrition is an important factor in the outcome of any disease process. We evaluated the relationship of nutritional status and inflammatory status of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) with postoperative complications. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 107 NSCLC patients undergoing surgical treatment, between 2019 and 2021.

Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Antiproliferative Evaluation of NBD-Triterpene Fluorescent Probes.

A fluorescent labeling protocol for hydroxylated natural compounds with promising antitumor properties has been used to synthesize, in yields of 72-86%, 12 derivatives having fluorescent properties and biological activity. The reagent used for the synthesis of these fluorescent derivatives was 7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole chloride (NBD-Cl). The linkers employed to bind the NBD-Cl reagent to the natural compounds were ω-amino acids (Aa) of different chain lengths.

Preoperative Omega-6/Omega-3 Fatty Acid Ratio Could Predict Postoperative Outcomes in Patients with Surgically Resected Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

The aim of this study was to determine whether preoperative nutritional status and inflammatory status, specifically polyunsaturated acids and the omega 6/3 ratio, would affect postoperative outcomes and complications in patients with lung cancer undergoing lung resection. This prospective observational study included 68 patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer who were candidates for radical surgery. A complete nutritional assessment was performed.

Role of jejunoplasty in complex esophageal reconstruction.

Introduction: Esophageal reconstruction is a very complex surgical procedure, burdened by significant morbidity. Gastroplasty and coloplasty have classically been used. Free jejunal plasty has shown to be a very good option in the treatment of cervical esophagus pathology, but the role of supercharged jejunoplasty in thoracic esophagus reconstruction is still controversial.

Efficacy of hyperthermia pleurodesis: A comparative experimental study on serous membrane of abdominopelvic and thoracic cavities of rats.

Background: Pleurodesis is a common technique for treating the accumulation of air or liquid in the pleural space caused by pneumothorax or pleural effusion, it is based on the bounding of pleural layers through induced inflammatory lesions. There are several pleurodesis procedures.

Objectives: To test and describe the inflammatory effect of hyperthermia on the pleural and peritoneal mesothelia of rats, with the aim of testing the effectiveness of this process for inducing pleurodesis.

Two-dimensional layered carbon-based catalytic ozonation for water purification: Rational design of catalysts and an in-depth understanding of the interfacial reaction mechanism.

This review renewed insight into the existing complex and contradictory mechanisms of catalytic ozonation by two-dimensional layered carbon-based materials (2D-LCMs) for degradation toxic refractory organics in aqueous solution. Migration and capture of active electrons are central to catalytic ozonation reactions, which was not studied or reviewed more clearly. Based on this perspective, the catalytic ozonation potential of 2D-LCMs synthesized by numerous methods is firstly contrasted to guide the design of subsequent carbon based-catalysts, and not limited to 2D-LCMs.

The impact of nutritional status on health-related quality of life in hemodialysis patients.

Malnutrition is frequent in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Nutritional deficiencies may negatively impact quality of life (QOL). This study examines the utility of the Malnutrition-Inflammation Score (MIS) in detecting nutritional risk (NR) and assesses the correlation between nutritional status and QOL in dialysis patients upon starting a nutritional intervention program (NIP).

Efficient In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of a Diamine-PEGylated Oleanolic Acid Derivative.

Recent evidence has shown that inflammation can contribute to all tumorigenic states. We have investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of a diamine-PEGylated derivative of oleanolic acid (OADP), in vitro and in vivo with inflammation models. In addition, we have determined the sub-cytotoxic concentrations for anti-inflammatory assays of OADP in RAW 264.

Synthesis and Biological Activity of Triterpene-Coumarin Conjugates.

A set of 12 maslinic acid-coumarin conjugates was synthesized, with 9 being maslinic acid-diamine-coumarin conjugates at the C-28 carboxylic acid group of triterpene acid and the other three being maslinic acid-coumarin conjugates at C-2/C-3 and/or C-28 of the triterpene skeleton. The cytotoxic effects of these 12 triterpene conjugates were evaluated in three cancer cell lines (B16-F10, HT29, and Hep G2) and compared, respectively, with three nontumor cell lines from the same or similar tissue (HPF, IEC-18, and WRL68). The most potent cytotoxic results were achieved by a conjugate with two molecules of coumarin-3-carboxylic acid coupled through the C-2 and C-3 hydroxy groups of maslinic acid.

Prognostic value of the preoperative lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio for survival after lung cancer surgery.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio on overall survival and disease-free survival in patients with lung cancer treated with radical surgery.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients with lung cancer who prospectively underwent radical resection between 2004 and 2012. Blood samples were taken as part of the preoperative workup.

A Generic Deep Learning Based Cough Analysis System From Clinically Validated Samples for Point-of-Need Covid-19 Test and Severity Levels.

In an attempt to reduce the infection rate of the COrona VIrus Disease-19 (Covid-19) countries around the world have echoed the exigency for an economical, accessible, point-of-need diagnostic test to identify Covid-19 carriers so that they (individuals who test positive) can be advised to self isolate rather than the entire community. Availability of a quick turn-around time diagnostic test would essentially mean that life, in general, can return to normality-at-large. In this regards, studies concurrent in time with ours have investigated different respiratory sounds, including cough, to recognise potential Covid-19 carriers.

Efficacy of hyperthermia pleurodesis: A comparative experimental study on serous membrane of abdominopelvic and thoracic cavities of rats.

Background: Pleurodesis is a common technique for treating the accumulation of air or liquid in the pleural space caused by pneumothorax or pleural effusion, it is based on the bounding of pleural layers through induced inflammatory lesions. There are several pleurodesis procedures.

Objectives: To test and describe the inflammatory effect of hyperthermia on the pleural and peritoneal mesothelia of rats, with the aim of testing the effectiveness of this process for inducing pleurodesis.

Molecular Nodal Restaging Based on CEACAM5, FGFR2b and PTPN11 Expression Adds No Relevant Clinical Information in Resected Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: The relapse rate in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is high, even in localized disease, suggesting that the current approach to pathological staging is insufficiently sensitive to detect occult micrometastases present in resected lymph nodes. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prognostic value of the expression of embryonic molecular markers in histologically-negative lymph nodes of completely-resected NSCLC.

Methods: 76 completely-resected NSCLC patients were included: 60 pN0 and 16 pN1.

Application of anthropometric methods in the nursing process of nursing research.

Objectives: to identify anthropometric techniques and measurements related to nursing diagnoses and interventions, included in the NANDA International (NANDA-I) and Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), respectively.

Methods: descriptive study of the revision of the NANDA-I and NIC taxonomies by professors of Nursing of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid.

Results: A total of 24 nursing diagnoses, 20 nursing interventions and 71 nursing activities were identified that require the use of anthropometric measurements.

Cervical esophaguectomy plus tracheal resection and free jeyuno graft as treatment of esophageal granular cell tumor.

Granular cell tumor is a very rare entity (0.03%) with controversial management, due to its low incidence and its usually benign behavior (98%). Its location in the digestive tract is unusual (3-11%), being the esophagus the most frequently affected organ, with about 400 published cases.

A Diamine-PEGylated Oleanolic Acid Derivative Induced Efficient Apoptosis through a Death Receptor and Mitochondrial Apoptotic Pathway in HepG2 Human Hepatoma Cells.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer. Our recent studies have shown that the diamine-(PEG)ylated oleanolic acid (OADP) has strong anti-tumor effects in HCCs. In this study, we evaluated the anti-tumor mechanisms of OADP in the HepG2 HCC cell line.

Oleanolic Acid Derivatives as Potential Inhibitors of HIV-1 Protease.

Pentacyclic triterpenes, such as oleanolic acid (), are promising scaffolds for diversification through the use of combinatorial methods to obtain derivatives that improve their biological properties, increasing their bioavailability and enhancing their therapeutic efficacy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence that derivatives of oleanolic acid, conjugated with one or two amino acids and an acyl group, might exert on HIV-1 protease inhibition. The in vitro studies conducted suggested that the presence of a carboxyacyl group generally improves the inhibition of HIV-1 protease, especially when a phthaloyl group is present, with IC concentration values below 5 μM.

[Food policies to prevent obesity and the main non-transmissible diseases in Spain: where there's a will there's a way].

Introduction: In Spain, one third of all children and two-thirds of adults suffer from excess weight, a condition that generates a direct excess medical cost of 2000 million Euros. Obesogenic food environments cause obesity by promoting the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and ultra-processed foods. Accordingly, we propose five priority policies capable of reversing the epidemic of obesity and related non-communicable diseases through the creation of healthy food environments.