Computational condensed matter science contributions to addressing water emerging contaminant pollution: A comprehensive review.

The study of emerging contaminants (ECs) in water resources has garnered significant attention due to their potential risks to human health and the environment. This review examines the contribution from computational approaches, focusing on the application of machine learning (ML) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to understand and optimize experimental applications of ECs adsorption on carbon-based nanomaterials. Condensed matter physics plays a crucial role in this research by investigating the fundamental properties of materials at the atomic and molecular levels, enabling the design and engineering of materials optimized for contaminant removal.

Quectonewton Local Force Sensor.

We report on the realization of a quantum sensor based on trapped atom interferometry in an optical lattice for the measurement of atom-surface interactions, with sub-micrometer-level control of the mean atom-surface separation distance. The force sensor reaches a short-term sensitivity of 3.4×10^{-28}  N at 1 s and a long-term stability of 4 qN (4×10^{-30}  N).

Contribution of the diatom sp. to the growth of post-larvae in biofloc system: a quantitative stable isotope assessment.

The addition of sp. to shrimp nurseries can improve the growth of reared in biofloc systems. However, the contribution of microalgae to the biofloc formation and the effective contribution to shrimp nutrition remain unknown.

Terminal ballistics performance of 9 × 19 mm cartridges in 10% ballistic gelatin: FBI Protocol based analysis of Brazilian-made law enforcement ammunition.

Purpose: Understanding that a projectile entering the human body can cause damage or destruction to live tissues through a variety of wounding mechanisms - permanent cavity, temporary cavity, and fragmentation - is crucial for researching terminal ballistics and understand the patterns of gunshot wound configuration.

Methods: The present work tested four different types of ammunition in caliber 9 × 19 mm (Full Metal Jacketed, Gold Hex, Copper Bullet Tactical and Bonded), using ballistic gelatin at 10% as soft tissue surrogate. The tests were based on the Federal Bureau of Investigation Protocol and included shots through bare gelatin, heavy clothing, plywood, steel sheets and auto glass.

Water as a green solvent for sustainable sample preparation: single drop microextraction of N-nitrosamines from losartan tablets.

Water, renowned for its sustainability and minimal toxicity, is an ideal candidate for environmentally friendly solvent-based microextraction. However, its potential as an extractant solvent in miniaturized sample preparation remains largely unexplored. This paper pioneers using water as the extraction solvent in headspace single-drop microextraction (HS-SDME) for N-nitrosamines from losartan tablets.

Assessment of peripheral venous catheters microbiota and its association with phlebitis.

Background: Peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) remain the primary mode of short-term venous access for managing intravenous fluid, obtaining blood samples, and peripheral parenteral nutrition. They may get contaminated and require regular monitoring to prevent complications. This study evaluated the occurrence of phlebitis and its associated-clinical and microbiological indicators.

Experimental Tests on External and Terminal Ballistics of Different Types of Projectiles Fired From .38 SPL Caliber Cartridges and Study of Permanent Cavitation in Anatomical Modeling With 10% Ballistic Gelatin.

The present study investigated the main morphological differences between the permanent cavities formed by 4 different types of projectiles fired from .38 SPL caliber cartridges in blocks of 10% ballistic gelatin with standardized formulation (Federal Bureau of Investigation Protocol), all fired from the same distance and from the same firearm, associated with its performances in external and terminal ballistics. The velocity or the mass presented by a firearm projectile will not always be solely responsible for the final configuration of the permanent cavity, in which the projectile design, for example, is an equally important element.

Effects of Acute Ingestion of Guarana () on Soccer Player Performance: A Randomized, Cross-over, Placebo-Controlled Study.

Objective: To investigate the acute effects of ingesting a beverage containing guarana () seed powder on performance during field tests related to physical capacities that are determinants of soccer performance, such as lower limb power, sprint, agility, and the capacity to carry out intermittent exercise.

Methods: The study was conducted using a randomized, crossover, and counterbalanced design, with a beverage containing guarana or placebo administered in a double-blind manner. Twenty-seven under-17 soccer players of a professional soccer club performed a battery of tests 60 min after the ingestion of guarana (3 g of the fruit seed powder) or placebo.

Phytochemical profile and determination of cytotoxicity, acute oral toxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of (A. St.-Hil.) A. Robyns.

, popularly known as "embiratanha," is widely used by traditional communities as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent. This study aimed to determine the phytochemical profile as well as cytotoxicity, acute oral toxicity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity attributed to exposure to aqueous (AqEx) and ethanolic (EtEx) extracts of embiratanha bark. Phytochemical screening was conducted using thin-layer chromatography (TLC).

The complete mitochondrial genome of Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae) and phylogenetic relationships within the Yponomeutoidea superfamily.

The coffee leaf miner (Leucoptera coffeella) is one of the major pests of coffee crops in the neotropical regions, and causes major economic losses. Few molecular data are available to identify this pest and advances in the knowledge of the genome of L. coffeella will contribute to improving pest identification and also clarify taxonomy of this microlepidoptera.

Unveiling the efficacy of latex gloves in preventing viral infections during needlestick injuries: An in vitro mixed-methods study.

Background: Gloves are personal protective equipment designed to prevent contamination and reduce the spread of microorganisms. This study aimed to assess in vitro the physical integrity of latex gloves and the retention of biological contamination in healthcare simulation.

Method: Three different batches of latex procedure gloves from five different brands and specific batches were evaluated before use for physical integrity by the standard protocols of the Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and of the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Effect of a cajuína hydroelectrolytic drink on the physical performance and hydration status of recreational runners.

Cajuína is a processed drink derived from cashew and is widely consumed in the northeast region of Brazil. This study evaluated the effect of a cajuína-based hydroelectrolytic drink on the aerobic performance and hydration status of recreational runners. Seventeen males (31.

Serial Mass Screening for Tuberculosis Among Incarcerated Persons in Brazil.

Background: An active search for tuberculosis cases through mass screening is widely described as a tool to improve case detection in hyperendemic settings. However, its effectiveness in high-risk populations, such as incarcerated people, is debated.

Methods: Between 2017 and 2021, 3 rounds of mass screening were carried out in 3 Brazilian prisons.

Sleep and memory complaints in long COVID: an insight into clustered psychological phenotypes.

This study evaluated clinical features of individuals with long COVID (5-8 months after diagnosis) who reported sleep and memory problems (62 cases) compared to those without (52 controls). Both groups had a similar mean age (41 39 years). Around 86% of the participants were non-hospitalized at the time of infection, and none of them were vaccinated at that point.

A new proposal for the use of the focal animal technique in buffaloes in the Eastern Amazon.

This study aims to present a proposal for using the focal animal recording technique to evaluate the welfare of buffaloes and to verify the association between each behavior and thermal comfort indices. The study was conducted in an experimental paddock located in Santarém, Pará, Brazil. A total of 10 female Murrah animals were used.

Metal encapsulation of waste foundry sand stabilized with alkali-activated binder: Batch and column leaching tests.

Waste stabilization processes are important to add value and reduce environmental risks related to metal contamination of soils and groundwater. This study evaluated the metal encapsulation of: (i) waste foundry sand (WFS) stabilized with an alkali-activated binder (AAB), compared to (ii) WFS-Portland cement (PC) mixture. The AAB was composed by sugar cane bagasse ash (SCBA), hydrated eggshell lime, and sodium hydroxide solution.

Chemical analysis of pottery reveals the transition from a maritime to a plant-based economy in pre-colonial coastal Brazil.

Understanding long-term dynamics of past socio-ecological systems is essential for their future management. The southern Atlantic Forest coast of Brazil with its biodiverse littoral zone and artisanal fishing communities, is a priority for conservation. Traditional maritime knowledge is thought to have a deep-history and indeed, marine exploitation can be traced back to the middle Holocene.

Deep learning for sex determination: Analyzing over 200,000 panoramic radiographs.

The objective of this study is to assess the performance of an innovative AI-powered tool for sex determination using panoramic radiographs (PR) and to explore factors affecting the performance of the convolutional neural network (CNN). The study involved 207,946 panoramic dental X-rays and their corresponding reports from 15 clinical centers in São Paulo, Brazil. The PRs were acquired with four different devices, and 58% of the patients were female.

Reference Values of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test Parameters in the Contemporary Paediatric Population.

Background: The evaluation of health status by cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) has shown increasing interest in the paediatric population. Our group recently established reference Z-score values for paediatric cycle ergometer VO, applicable to normal and extreme weights, from a cohort of 1141 healthy children. There are currently no validated reference values for the other CPET parameters in the paediatric population.

NanoLC-EI-MS: Perspectives in Biochemical Analysis.

Although LC-MS with atmospheric pressure ionization (API) sources is the primary technique used in modern bioanalytical studies, electron ionization mass spectrometry (EI-MS) can provide some substantial advantages over it. EI-MS is a matrix effect-free technique that provides reproducible and comparable mass spectra, serving as a compound fingerprint for easy identification through automated comparison with spectral libraries. Leveraging EI-MS in biochemical studies can yield critical analytical benefits for targeted and untargeted analyses.

Rotation related systematic effects in a cold atom interferometer onboard a Nadir pointing satellite.

We study the effects of rotations on a cold atom accelerometer onboard a Nadir pointing satellite. A simulation of the satellite attitude combined with a calculation of the phase of the cold atom interferometer allow us to evaluate the noise and bias induced by rotations. In particular, we evaluate the effects associated to the active compensation of the rotation due to Nadir pointing.

Microextraction by packed sorbent of N-nitrosamines from Losartan tablets using a high-throughput robot platform followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

The development of a fast, cost-effective, and efficient microextraction by packed sorbent setup was achieved by combining affordable laboratory-repackable devices of microextraction with a high-throughput cartesian robot. This setup was evaluated for the development of an analytical method to determine N-nitrosamines in losartan tablets. N-nitrosamines pose a significant concern in the pharmaceutical market due to their carcinogenic risk, necessitating their control and quantification in pharmaceutical products.

The overshadowed role of electron ionization-mass spectrometry in analytical biotechnology.

Target and untargeted analysis of several compounds are crucial methods in important areas such as omics sciences. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is widely used for volatile and thermally stable compounds. In this case, the electron ionization technique (EI) is preferable as it produces highly fragmented and reproducible spectra comparable to spectral libraries.

Associations of active and passive smartphone use with measures of youth mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Smartphone use provides a significant amount of screen-time for youth, and there have been growing concerns regarding its impact on their mental health. While time spent in a passive manner on the device is frequently considered deleterious, more active engagement with the phone might be protective for mental health. Recent developments in mobile sensing technology provide a unique opportunity to examine behaviour in a naturalistic manner.