25-Hydroxycholecalciferol Inhibits Cell Growth and Induces Apoptosis in SiHa Cervical Cells via Autocrine Vitamin D Metabolism.

Preclinical studies show that the anticancer actions of vitamin D metabolites are mediated by apoptosis, inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of cell cycle arrest. Cervical cancer cells express an autocrine vitamin D metabolising system (VDMS) comprised of a vitamin D receptor, vitamin D catabolic enzyme (CYP24A1), and the activating enzyme of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3), CYP27B1. We assessed the anticancer effects of 25(OH)D3 at clinically relevant concentrations on a cervical squamous cell cancer cell line, SiHa.

Laboratory Considerations for Reporting Cycle Threshold Value in COVID-19.

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 RNA virus. Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) is the mainstay to confirm infection. A large number of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays are currently available for qualitatively assessing SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Evaluation of serological assays for the diagnosis of HIV infection in adults.

Serological tests based on the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) are the primary tool for the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in adults and have rapidly evolved to quicker, affordable and more accurate test formats to detect early HIV infection. Second- and third-generation HIV rapid tests detect the immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies to the HIV and are used at the point of care and in HIV self-testing. The tests are affordable and accessible in state and private diagnostic laboratories.

Variation in the Measurement of Anti-Müllerian Hormone - What Are the Laboratory Issues?

Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) is a 140 kDa homodimeric glycoprotein consisting of two identical subunits linked by disulphide bonds and is synthesised by the testes and ovaries. Its clinical applications are prediction of ovarian response and gonadotropin dose selection upon fertilization. In males, AMH is used to investigate sexual developmental disorders and gonadal function.

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Apoptotic Biomarkers in Actinomycin D-treated SiHa Cervical Cancer Cells.

Apoptosis biomarkers were investigated in actinomycin D-treated SiHa cervical cancer cells using a benchtop flow cytometer. Early biomarkers (Annexin V and mitochondrial membrane potential) and late biomarkers (caspases 3 and 7, and DNA damage) of apoptosis were measured in experimental and control cultures. Cultures were incubated for 24 hours in a humidified incubator at 37 °C with 5% CO2.

Applications of machine learning in the chemical pathology laboratory.

Machine learning (ML) is an area of artificial intelligence that provides computer programmes with the capacity to autodidact and learn new skills from experience, without continued human programming. ML algorithms can analyse large data sets quickly and accurately, by supervised and unsupervised learning techniques, to provide classification and prediction value outputs. The application of ML to chemical pathology can potentially enhance efficiency at all phases of the laboratory's total testing process.

Policing Cancer: Vitamin D Arrests the Cell Cycle.

Vitamin D is a steroid hormone crucial for bone mineral metabolism. In addition, vitamin D has pleiotropic actions in the body, including anti-cancer actions. These anti-cancer properties observed within in vitro studies frequently report the reduction of cell proliferation by interruption of the cell cycle by the direct alteration of cell cycle regulators which induce cell cycle arrest.

Cholecalciferol Inhibits Cell Growth and Induces Apoptosis in the CaSki Cell Line.

Vitamin D has displayed anti-cancer actions in numerous in vitro studies. Here, we investigated the anti-cancer actions of cholecalciferol, a vitamin D precursor, on a metastatic cervical cancer cell line, namely, CaSki. Experimental cultures were incubated for 72 h and treated with cholecalciferol (10-1000 ng/mL).

Novel in silico-designed estradiol analogues are cytotoxic to a multidrug-resistant cell line at nanomolar concentrations.

Purpose: 2-Methoxyestradiol (2ME) is a promising anti-cancer agent that disrupts the integrity and dynamics of the spindle network. In order to overcome the pharmacokinetic constraints of this compound, a panel of sulphamoylated estradiol analogues were in silico-designed by our laboratory. In this study, we analysed the potential of each analogue to induce cell death on a panel of cancer cell lines.