Factors related to maternal mortality rate in covid-19 patients - a cross-sectional study from an Indonesian covid-19 referral hospital.

Background: The covid-19 pandemic may cause severe clinical manifestations in a vulnerable population, such as pregnant women. Based on Indonesian Obstetrics and Gynecology Association (POGI), the number of maternal deaths due to covid-19 from April 2020 to April 2021 reached 3% and increased to 9% since the delta variant of covid-19 emerged. This research was expected to identify factors that are related to the mortality rate of pregnant women with covid-19.

Analysis of real-time PCR () gene expression to identify new biomarkers inflammation in tuberculosis.

Background: Diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in the era of technological sophistication requires accuracy and speed to provide as much information as possible so that TB treatment can be carried out quickly and precisely. New studies have also begun to be carried out to diagnose TB, one of which is by examining genes, either by looking at polymorphisms, mutations, or expressions. Several previous studies have confirmed the association of and TB genes with polymorphisms; is a gene that participates in the regulation of the inflammatory process and is also found in macrophages; therefore, we tried to analyze gene expression in the active TB group, household contacts, and healthy controls for looked at the differences between the three groups and confirmed the correlation of with TB by seeing which group's gene expression increased the most expression of the three groups so that the results can be considered as a TB diagnostic biomarker in the future.

Duodenal string-capsule culture compared with bone-marrow, blood, and rectal-swab cultures for diagnosing typhoid and paratyphoid fever.

The sensitivity of duodenal string-capsule culture (DSCC) was compared to that of bone-marrow-aspirate culture (BMAC), single 3-ml blood culture (BC), and rectal-swab culture (RSC) for isolating Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi type A from patients with typhoid and paratyphoid fever. In 36 of 154 patients DSCC could not be used, usually because the patient was too ill to swallow the capsule. In the remaining 118 patients DSCC was positive in 57.

Reduction of mortality in chloramphenicol-treated severe typhoid fever by high-dose dexamethasone.

We compared high-dose dexamethasone (initial dose, 3 mg per kilogram of body weight) with placebo in a randomized, double-blind trial involving 38 patients with culture-positive, specifically defined severe typhoid fever. The patients in the two treatment groups ranged in age from 5 to 54 and were comparable at the outset. All patients received chloramphenicol.