Middle Ear Cholesteatoma and Vestibular Schwannoma Resection Followed by Cochlear Implant: Surgical Challenges and Audiological Outcomes.

(1) Background: The occurrence of vestibular schwannoma (VS) associated with cholesteatoma is rare. A hearing impairment is one of the most significant issues in such cases. Moreover, the presence of middle and inner ear pathologies combined may represent a surgical challenge.

Conventional Phacoemulsification Surgery Versus Femtosecond Laser Phacoemulsification Surgery: A Comparative Analysis of Cumulative Dissipated Energy and Corneal Endothelial Loss in Cataract Patients.

Purpose: To analyze whether femtosecond laser-assisted surgery leads to less cumulative dissipated energy (CDE) and decreased endothelial cell loss compared to conventional surgery.

Patients And Methods: This non-blinded, non-randomized, quasi-experimental clinical trial was conducted at one center and involved one surgeon. Patients with cataracts and 50-80 years old were included, and the exclusion criteria were radial keratotomy, trabeculectomy, drain tube implant, corneal transplant, posterior vitrectomy, and re-implantation of intraocular lens.

Impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of public university hospital workers in Brazil: A cohort-based analysis of 32,691 workers.

Background: In early 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic paralyzed the world and exposed the fragility of health systems in the face of mass illness. Health professionals became protagonists, fulfilling their mission at the risk of physical and mental illness. The study aimed to evaluate absenteeism indirectly related to SARS-CoV-2 infection in a large population of health care professionals.

Initial panel of immunocytochemical markers for identification of primary carcinoma site for effusions and peritoneal washings from women.

Introduction: In women, most malignant effusions are from breast and ovary primary carcinomas that have metastasized to body cavity fluids (pleural, peritoneal and pericardial). When carcinoma is diagnosed in effusions, it is not possible to identify its site of origin solely by cytology (morphology); therefore, immunocytochemistry is used as a complementary method. There are no immunocytochemical markers with 100% sensitivity and specificity for identifying carcinoma primary site.

Transcranial direct current stimulation modulates autonomic nervous system and reduces ambulatory blood pressure in hypertensives.

: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) seems to positively modulate the autonomic nervous system in different clinical conditions and healthy subjects; however, its effects on hypertensive (HTN) patients are not completely known. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a tDCS or SHAM session (20 min) on blood pressure (BP) and autonomic variables of HTN patients.: Subjects (n = 13) were randomly submitted to SHAM and tDCS sessions (1 week of ).

P16 as a marker of carcinoma in effusions and peritoneal washing.

Background: Considering the potential of p16 as a marker for diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic response, the aim of this study was to assess its presence, via immunocytochemistry, in metastatic carcinoma of different primary sites and histological types obtained from effusions and peritoneal washings. A total of 118 samples including 85 of metastatic carcinoma and 33 samples of benign effusion/peritoneal washing were prepared by the plasma/thromboplastin method. Immunocytochemistry reactions were performed on cell block sections using antibodies against p16, claudin-4, MOC-31, calretinin, HBME and CD68.

Cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder Neuroprogression or behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia?

Patients with Bipolar Disorder (BD) usually display cognitive deficits with aging. However, the correlation between BD and dementia syndromes is inconclusive, despite the similarity with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia. We report a 78-year-old female patient who had bipolar type 1 disorder since adolescence.

A Novel Analysis via Micro-CT Imaging Indicates That Chemically Modified Tetracycline-3 (CMT-3) Inhibits Tooth Relapse after Orthodontic Movement: A Pilot Experimental Study.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of chemically modified tetracycline-3 (CMT-3) and simvastatin on tooth relapse after orthodontic movement in rats using a novel analysis method employing high-resolution micro-CT (Micro-CT) images. In addition, the correlation between bone density and orthodontic relapse was also evaluated for each experimental group.

Methods: Forty adult male Wistar rats had stainless steel springs installed on their left upper first molars in order to generate tooth movement for 18 days.

Oral lichen planus and malignant transformation: The role of p16, Ki-67, Bub-3 and SOX4 in assessing precancerous potential.

The association of oral lichen planus (OLP) lesions with malignant transformation risk has remained a controversial topic and is of clinical importance. Therefore, the present study evaluated the expression levels of p16, Ki-67, budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 3 (Bub-3) and sex-determining region Y-related high mobility group box 4 (SOX4), and their roles as precancerous biomarkers in OLP. A retrospective study was performed, in which tissue blocks of OLP, oral dysplasia (OD), cutaneous lichen planus (CLP) and oral fibrous hyperplasia (OFH) were used (n=120).

Glycated hemoglobin correlates with arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction in patients with resistant hypertension and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of glycated hemoglobin (HbA ) on flow-mediated dilation, intima-media thickness, pulse wave velocity, and left ventricular mass index in patients with resistant hypertension (RHTN) comparing RHTN-controlled diabetes mellitus and RHTN-uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus. Two groups were formed: HbA <7.0% (RHTN-controlled diabetes mellitus: n = 98) and HbA ≥7.

Oropharynx HPV status and its relation to HIV infection.

Background: The number of oropharyngeal lesions caused by HPV (Human papillomavirus) has been increasing worldwide in the past years. In spite of the clinical relevance of HPV infection in the anogenital tract of HIV-positive patients, the relevance of oropharynx HPV infection in these patients is not clear. The aim of the present study was to detect HPV infection, and clinical and cytological changes in the oropharynx of HIV-positive patients.

Maternal and developmental toxicity of the hallucinogenic plant-based beverage ayahuasca in rats.

Rats were treated orally with ayahuasca (AYA) on gestation days (GD) 6-20 at doses corresponding to one-(1X) to eight-fold (8X) the average dose taken by a human adult in a religious ritual, and the pregnancy outcome evaluated on GD21. Rats treated with 4X and 8X doses died during the treatment period (44 and 52%), and those that survived showed kidney injury. Rats surviving the 8X dose showed neuronal loss in hippocampal regions and in the raphe nuclei, and those from the 2X dose neuronal loss in CA1.

The rs243866/243865 polymorphisms in MMP-2 gene and the relationship with BP control in obese resistant hypertensive subjects.

We sought to investigate whether the polymorphisms rs243865 (-1306C>T); rs243866 (-1575G>A) and rs2285053 (-735C>T) in metalloproteinases 2 - MMP-2 gene and rs17576 (Q279R), rs17577 (Q668R) and rs3918242 (-1562C>T) in MMP-9 gene are associated with clinical outcomes in obese resistant hypertensive (RH) subjects. One hundred and twenty RH were enrolled in this cross-sectional study and divided into obese (n=63) and non-obese (n=57) according to body mass index. Genotypes were determined by real-time PCR using TaqMan probes.

Assessment of the accuracy of portable monitors for halitosis evaluation in subjects without malodor complaint. Are they reliable for clinical practice?

Unlabelled: Halitosis is defined as a foul odor emanated from the oral cavity, with great impact in quality of life and social restraints. Recently, the use of Breath Alert™ in research increased significantly. Halimeter™, another portable device, is often used in clinical practice.

Improving reproducibility and external validity. The role of standardization and data reporting of laboratory rat husbandry and housing.

Purpose:: To identify the most relevant flaws in standardization in husbandry practices and lack of transparency to report them. This review proposes some measures in order to improve transparency, reproducibility and eventually external validity in experimental surgery experiments with rat model.

Methods:: We performed a search of scientific articles in PUBMED data base.

Hypnosis as a Valuable Tool for Surgical Procedures in the Oral and Maxillofacial Area.

Hypnosis is a valuable tool in the management of patients who undergo surgical procedures in the maxillofacial complex, particularly in reducing and eliminating pain during surgery and aiding patients who have dental fear and are allergic to anesthesia. This case report demonstrates the efficacy of hypnosis in mitigating anxiety, bleeding, and pain during dental surgery without anesthesia during implant placement of tooth 14, the upper left first molar.

Photodynamic therapy mediated by acai oil (Euterpe oleracea Martius) in nanoemulsion: A potential treatment for melanoma.

Melanoma is the most aggressive and lethal form of skin cancer, responsible for >80% of deaths. Standard treatments for late-stage melanoma usually present poor results, leading to life-threatening side effects and low overall survival. Thus, it is necessary to rethink treatment strategies and design new tools for the treatment of this disease.

Motor Cortex Neurostimulation Technologies for Chronic Post-stroke Pain: Implications of Tissue Damage on Stimulation Currents.

Central post stroke pain (CPSP) is a highly refractory syndrome that can occur after stroke. Primary motor cortex (M1) brain stimulation using epidural brain stimulation (EBS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have been explored as potential therapies for CPSP. These techniques have demonstrated variable clinical efficacy.

Crosstalk between obesity and MMP-9 in cardiac remodelling -a cross-sectional study in apparent treatment-resistant hypertension.

The balance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMP) plays a key role in the development of hypertension and obesity. We aimed to evaluate the levels of MMP-2 and 9 and TIMP-2 and -1 in obese and non-obese apparent treatment-resistant hypertensive subjects (aTRH) and its association with cardiac hypertrophy. This cross-sectional study enrolled 122 subjects and divided into obese aTRH (n = 67) and non-obese (n = 55) group.

Acute Sildenafil Use Reduces 24-Hour Blood Pressure Levels in Patients With Resistant Hypertension: A Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial.

The authors previously demonstrated that acute administration of sildenafil-a phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor-improves hemodynamic parameters in patients with resistant hypertensive (RH), but its effect on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is unknown. This interventional, nonrandomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial included 26 patients with RH. A dose of sildenafil (187.

Salivary function impairment in type 2 Diabetes patients associated with concentration and genetic polymorphisms of chromogranin A.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on salivary function impairments according to glycemic control status and subsequently compare the concentration of chromogranin A (CHGA) with its genetic profile.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six patients with controlled T2DM, 36 with poorly controlled T2DM, and 38 nondiabetic subjects underwent salivary flow rate measurements by means of unstimulated labial (ULS), unstimulated whole (UWS), and stimulated whole saliva (SWS) collections. CHGA concentrations were determined in saliva and plasma with ELISA, and two CHGA polymorphisms (T-415C and Glu264Asp) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Increased Circulating Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 Is Associated With Resistant Hypertension.

Resistant hypertension (RH) is associated with organ damage and cardiovascular risk. Evidence suggests the involvement of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) in hypertension and in cardiovascular remodeling. The aim of this study was to assess the levels of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in RH and its relation with organ damage, including arterial stiffness and cardiac hypertrophy.

Higher Dental Caries Prevalence and Its Association with Dietary Habits and Physical Limitation in Epidermolysis Bullosa Patients: A Case Control Study.

Aim: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) represents a highly rare subgroup of skin diseases that affects skin and mucous membrane. The aim of the present study was to assess caries prevalence and its associated factors in EB subjects. Salivary status was also assessed.