Publications by authors named "Rituparna Ghosh"

Background: Cancer stem cells are a small subpopulation of cells which are responsible for tumor metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance etc. 5-Fluorouracil (5FU), a common therapeutic drug used in colorectal cancer treatment is reported to enrich CSCs, tumor recurrence and induces severe organ toxicities resulting in poor clinical outcome in patients. Therefore, we introduced a natural flavonoid Orientin in combination with 5FU to mitigate the CSC mediated angiogenesis and induced toxicities.

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As we age, our immune system's ability to effectively respond to pathogens declines, a phenomenon known as immunosenescence. This age-related deterioration affects both innate and adaptive immunity, compromising immune function and leading to chronic inflammation that accelerates aging. Immunosenescence is characterized by alterations in immune cell populations and impaired functionality, resulting in increased susceptibility to infections, diminished vaccine efficacy, and higher prevalence of age-related diseases.

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Article Synopsis
  • Ribosomes are essential machines in cells that synthesize proteins, made up of rRNA and various proteins, through a controlled process called ribosome biogenesis.
  • Impairments in ribosome biogenesis can lead to diseases, particularly cancer, as cancer cells often show changes in ribosomal proteins linked to this process.
  • This article focuses on how ribosome biogenesis is affected in cancer stem cells, its relationship with conditions like hypoxia and drug resistance, and discusses potential anti-cancer drugs that target ribosome biogenesis.
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Staphylococcus aureus induced Septic arthritis is considered a medical concern. S.aureus binds TLR2 to induce an array of inflammatory responses.

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  • * Doxorubicin (DOX), a commonly used chemotherapeutic for TNBC, can inadvertently induce epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in CSCs, leading to increased aggression and metastatic capabilities in cancer cells.
  • * A new approach involving combining DOX with dietary compound indole 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) is being explored, utilizing advanced drug delivery via exosomes and mesoporous silica nanoparticles to effectively target CSCs and potentially mitigate the adverse effects of DO
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In vivo studies identifying a role of TLR2 in septic arthritis models are lacking. TNF-α played as the most important proinflammatory cytokine, and connected directly to the pathogenesis of bacterial arthritis. IL-1β is another central mediator cytokine in arthritis.

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Researches of recent past years have emphasized potential of antibiotics to improve septic arthritis but as multi-drug resistant strains like MRSA are emerging fast, new alternative therapeutic advances are high in demand. This study aims to figure out the role of neutrophils in regulating inflammatory responses of S. aureus induced septic arthritis while using TNF-α Ab or IL-1β Ab along with antibiotic gentamicin or both in combination.

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Multi-organ dysfunction is one of the major reasons behind the high mortality of sepsis throughout the world. With the pathophysiology of sepsis remaining largely unknown, the uncontrolled reactive oxygen species (ROS) production along with the decreased antioxidants contributes to the progression toward septic shock. Being the effector cells of the innate immunity system, macrophages secrete both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators during inflammation.

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Article Synopsis
  • * The presence of CSCs complicates cancer treatment because they can form aggressive tumors that are resistant to drugs and likely to spread (metastasize).
  • * The review explores methods to target ACD in CSCs, discussing influences from various proteins, miRNAs, and lncRNAs, as well as existing and potential drugs aimed at this process.
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Eggplant (Solanum melongena) suffers severe losses due to a multi-insecticide-resistant lepidopteran pest, shoot and fruit borer (SFB, Leucinodes orbonalis). Heavy and combinatorial application of pesticides for SFB control renders eggplant risky for human consumption. We observed that gravid SFB females do not oviposit on Himalayan eggplant variety RC-RL-22 (RL22).

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Septic arthritis is a joint disease caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Different macrophage populations contribute in various ways to control blood-borne infections and induce inflammatory responses. Macrophage tissue-resident niche is necessary for the suppression of chronic inflammation and may contribute to the pathogenesis of septic arthritis.

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Septic arthritis is an inflammatory joint disease caused by S. aureus. Hematogenous entry of the bacteria to the synovium produces pro-inflammatory cytokines TGF-β and IL-6, which alter the Th17/Treg balance.

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  • Advances in molecular cancer biology have led to new potential anti-cancer drugs through improved target detection, particularly focusing on the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α).
  • HIF-1α is crucial in tumor adaptation to low oxygen levels and influences processes like cell growth, survival, and cancer spread, making its overexpression linked to worse patient outcomes.
  • The review highlights natural and synthetic HIF-1α inhibitors that could foster drug discovery efforts, explaining their mechanisms to aid in the development of effective cancer therapies.
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  • Biosensors are transforming the biomedical field due to their portability, affordability, and user-friendliness, leading to rapid market growth.
  • Diabetes mellitus, characterized by high glucose levels, poses significant health risks and can be managed through monitoring and appropriate medications despite having no cure.
  • Recent developments in biosensor technology focus on continuously detecting glucose levels using various biological fluids, with this literature review updating methods, methodologies, and materials in biofluid-based sensors.
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Transistor-based sensors have been widely recognized to be highly sensitive and reliable for point-of-care/bed-side diagnosis. In this line, a range of cutting-edge technologies has been generated to elevate the role of transistors for biomolecule detection. Detection of a wide range of clinical biomarkers has been reported using various configurations of transistors.

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  • Electrospun nanofibers have versatile applications in fields like energy, biomedical, and environmental technologies due to their unique structural properties such as high surface area and lightweight design.
  • The review highlights recent advancements in healthcare and energy devices, showcasing the significance of nanofiber technology in driving innovation.
  • It also covers the impact of electrospinning techniques on nanofiber characteristics and concludes with a discussion of ongoing research challenges and future directions in this area.
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Septic arthritis is a destructive joint disease caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Synovial inflammation involved Th17 proliferation and down regulation of Treg population, thus resolution of inflammation targeting IL-17 may be important to control arthritis. Endogenous inhibition of IL-17 to regulate arthritic inflammation correlating with Th17/Treg cells TLR2 and TNFRs are not done.

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Vanadium toxicity is a globally recognized threat to the reproductive health of man and animal. However the mechanism of vanadium-induced damage to the testicular and adrenocortical tissues is not fully characterized. It was hypothesized that prostaglandins may partially mediate the inflammatory response to vanadate damage.

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The Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis has emerged as major concern worldwide due to the pressing need to develop its effective treatment strategies which is not available yet. LPS is the major causative agent in the pathogenesis of septic shock. In macrophages, LPS interacts with cell surface TLR4 leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS), TNF-α, IL-1β production, oxidative stress and markedly activated the MAPKs and NF-kB pathway.

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Objective: The potential of silver nanoparticle(AgNP-AS) mediated bark extract of R.Br was investigated in the study.

Methods & Materials: AgNP-AS was synthesized with respect to optimal temperature, pH of extract.

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Intelligent materials, also known as smart materials, are capable of reacting to various external stimuli or environmental changes by rearranging their structure at a molecular level and adapting functionality accordingly. The initial concept of the intelligence of a material originated from the natural biological system, following the sensing-reacting-learning mechanism. The dynamic and adaptive nature, along with the immediate responsiveness, of the polymer- and fiber-based smart materials have increased their global demand in both academia and industry.

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