The 3 I's of immunity and aging: immunosenescence, inflammaging, and immune resilience.

As we age, our immune system's ability to effectively respond to pathogens declines, a phenomenon known as immunosenescence. This age-related deterioration affects both innate and adaptive immunity, compromising immune function and leading to chronic inflammation that accelerates aging. Immunosenescence is characterized by alterations in immune cell populations and impaired functionality, resulting in increased susceptibility to infections, diminished vaccine efficacy, and higher prevalence of age-related diseases.

Neutralization of TLR2 in combination with either TNF-α or IL-1β antibody reduces the severity of septic arthritis through STAT3/mTOR signalling in lymphocytes.

Staphylococcus aureus induced Septic arthritis is considered a medical concern. S.aureus binds TLR2 to induce an array of inflammatory responses.

Endogenous blocking of TLR2 along with TNF-α and IL-1β ameliorates the severity of the S. aureus arthritis via modulating STAT3/SOCS3 expressions in tissue resident macrophages.

In vivo studies identifying a role of TLR2 in septic arthritis models are lacking. TNF-α played as the most important proinflammatory cytokine, and connected directly to the pathogenesis of bacterial arthritis. IL-1β is another central mediator cytokine in arthritis.

Impact of dual neutralization of TNF-α and IL-1β along with Gentamicin treatment on the functions of blood and splenic neutrophils and its role on improvement of S. aureus induced septic arthritis.

Researches of recent past years have emphasized potential of antibiotics to improve septic arthritis but as multi-drug resistant strains like MRSA are emerging fast, new alternative therapeutic advances are high in demand. This study aims to figure out the role of neutrophils in regulating inflammatory responses of S. aureus induced septic arthritis while using TNF-α Ab or IL-1β Ab along with antibiotic gentamicin or both in combination.

Exogenous IL-10 posttreatment along with TLR4 and TNFR1 blockade improves tissue antioxidant status by modulating sepsis-induced macrophage polarization.

Multi-organ dysfunction is one of the major reasons behind the high mortality of sepsis throughout the world. With the pathophysiology of sepsis remaining largely unknown, the uncontrolled reactive oxygen species (ROS) production along with the decreased antioxidants contributes to the progression toward septic shock. Being the effector cells of the innate immunity system, macrophages secrete both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators during inflammation.

Chemical ecology of Himalayan eggplant variety's antixenosis: identification of geraniol as an oviposition deterrent against the eggplant shoot and fruit borer.

Eggplant (Solanum melongena) suffers severe losses due to a multi-insecticide-resistant lepidopteran pest, shoot and fruit borer (SFB, Leucinodes orbonalis). Heavy and combinatorial application of pesticides for SFB control renders eggplant risky for human consumption. We observed that gravid SFB females do not oviposit on Himalayan eggplant variety RC-RL-22 (RL22).

Simultaneous neutralization of TGF-β and IL-6 attenuates Staphylococcus aureus-induced arthritic inflammation through differential modulation of splenic and synovial macrophages.

Septic arthritis is a joint disease caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Different macrophage populations contribute in various ways to control blood-borne infections and induce inflammatory responses. Macrophage tissue-resident niche is necessary for the suppression of chronic inflammation and may contribute to the pathogenesis of septic arthritis.

Endogenous neutralization of TGF-β and IL-6 ameliorates septic arthritis by altering RANKL/OPG interaction in lymphocytes.

Septic arthritis is an inflammatory joint disease caused by S. aureus. Hematogenous entry of the bacteria to the synovium produces pro-inflammatory cytokines TGF-β and IL-6, which alter the Th17/Treg balance.

Recent Advancement in Biofluid-Based Glucose Sensors Using Invasive, Minimally Invasive, and Non-Invasive Technologies: A Review.

Biosensors have potentially revolutionized the biomedical field. Their portability, cost-effectiveness, and ease of operation have made the market for these biosensors to grow rapidly. Diabetes mellitus is the condition of having high glucose content in the body, and it has become one of the very common conditions that is leading to deaths worldwide.

Transistor-Based Biomolecule Sensors: Recent Technological Advancements and Future Prospects.

Transistor-based sensors have been widely recognized to be highly sensitive and reliable for point-of-care/bed-side diagnosis. In this line, a range of cutting-edge technologies has been generated to elevate the role of transistors for biomolecule detection. Detection of a wide range of clinical biomarkers has been reported using various configurations of transistors.

A Review on Electrospun Nanofibers Based Advanced Applications: From Health Care to Energy Devices.

Electrospun nanofibers have been exploited in multidisciplinary fields with numerous applications for decades. Owing to their interconnected ultrafine fibrous structure, high surface-to-volume ratio, tortuosity, permeability, and miniaturization ability along with the benefits of their lightweight, porous nanofibrous structure, they have been extensively utilized in various research fields for decades. Electrospun nanofiber technologies have paved unprecedented advancements with new innovations and discoveries in several fields of application including energy devices and biomedical and environmental appliances.

Neutralization of IL-17 and treatment with IL-2 protects septic arthritis by regulating free radical production and antioxidant enzymes in Th17 and Tregs: An immunomodulatory TLR2 versus TNFR response.

Septic arthritis is a destructive joint disease caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Synovial inflammation involved Th17 proliferation and down regulation of Treg population, thus resolution of inflammation targeting IL-17 may be important to control arthritis. Endogenous inhibition of IL-17 to regulate arthritic inflammation correlating with Th17/Treg cells TLR2 and TNFRs are not done.

Protective effect of indomethacin on vanadium-induced adrenocortical and testicular damages in rat.

Vanadium toxicity is a globally recognized threat to the reproductive health of man and animal. However the mechanism of vanadium-induced damage to the testicular and adrenocortical tissues is not fully characterized. It was hypothesized that prostaglandins may partially mediate the inflammatory response to vanadate damage.

TLR4 and TNFR1 blockade dampen M1 macrophage activation and shifts them towards an M2 phenotype.

The Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis has emerged as major concern worldwide due to the pressing need to develop its effective treatment strategies which is not available yet. LPS is the major causative agent in the pathogenesis of septic shock. In macrophages, LPS interacts with cell surface TLR4 leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS), TNF-α, IL-1β production, oxidative stress and markedly activated the MAPKs and NF-kB pathway.

Synthesis, characterization & evaluation of potential of silver nanoparticles mediated Linn bark extract.

Objective: The potential of silver nanoparticle(AgNP-AS) mediated bark extract of R.Br was investigated in the study.

Methods & Materials: AgNP-AS was synthesized with respect to optimal temperature, pH of extract.

Intelligent Polymers, Fibers and Applications.

Intelligent materials, also known as smart materials, are capable of reacting to various external stimuli or environmental changes by rearranging their structure at a molecular level and adapting functionality accordingly. The initial concept of the intelligence of a material originated from the natural biological system, following the sensing-reacting-learning mechanism. The dynamic and adaptive nature, along with the immediate responsiveness, of the polymer- and fiber-based smart materials have increased their global demand in both academia and industry.

Tailored viscoelasticity of a polymer cellular structure through nanoscale entanglement of carbon nanotubes.

A three-dimensional carbon nanotube (CNT) cellular structure presents a unique revelation of microstructure dependent mechanical and viscoelastic properties. Tailored CNT-CNT entanglement demonstrated a direct impact on both the strength and viscosity of the structure. Unlike traditional foams, an increase in the CNT-CNT entanglement progressively increases both the strength and the viscosity.