A multi-scale cognitive interaction model of instrument operations at the Linac Coherent Light Source.

The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) is the world's first x-ray free electron laser. It is a scientific user facility operated by the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, at Stanford, for the U.S.

The efficacy of combining cognitive training and noninvasive brain stimulation: A transdiagnostic systematic review and meta-analysis.

Over the past decade, an increasing number of studies investigated the innovative approach of supplementing cognitive training (CT) with noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) to increase the effects on outcomes. In this review, we aim to summarize the evidence for this treatment combination. We identified 72 published and unpublished studies (reporting 773 effect sizes), including 2,518 participants from healthy and clinical populations indexed in PubMed, MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo, ProQuest, Web of Science, and https://ClinicalTrials.

Non-symmetric responses of leaf onset date to natural warming and cooling in northern ecosystems.

The northern hemisphere has experienced regional cooling, especially during the global warming hiatus (1998-2012) due to ocean energy redistribution. However, the lack of studies about the natural cooling effects hampers our understanding of vegetation responses to climate change. Using 15,125 ground phenological time series at 3,620 sites since the 1950s and 31-year satellite greenness observations (1982-2012) covering the warming hiatus period, we show a stronger response of leaf onset date (LOD) to natural cooling than to warming, i.

Appropriateness of inpatient intravenous iron therapy in a Swiss tertiary care hospital.

Introduction: Intravenous (IV) iron replacement is an established treatment for iron deficiency and is recommended in various medical guidelines, but cheaper oral iron formulations remain first-line therapy in several instances. Data on adherence to current prescription standards are lacking in Switzerland.

Methods: Retrospective single center quality control study evaluating the appropriateness of IV iron replacement in 400 inpatients during 2019 and 2021 at a Swiss tertiary care hospital.

[What aspects influence the prioritization of Primary Health Care by municipal managers in Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil?].

Primary Health Care (PHC) is capable of achieving broad coverage and effectiveness. This study evaluated the factors associated with the prioritization that municipal health managers in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) give to PHC. A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out between August 2017 and May 2019 using an online FormSUS questionnaire, consisting of 44 questions divided into 4 blocks, sent to 497 municipal health managers.

Marine mammal conservation in the 21st century: A plea for a paradigm shift towards mindful conservation.

Marine mammals are regarded in high esteem by the general public, and are recognized as flagship species for conservation, while at the same time they suffer from anthropogenic impacts on a global scale, and often in extreme ways. It seems there is a huge discrepancy between how we humans think about our fellow creatures in the sea, and how we behave to impact and/or conserve them. Here, I examine why the purely scientific and thus intellectual approach to marine mammal conservation has had limited success over the past decades.

Editor's Review and Introduction: Cognition-Inspired Artificial Intelligence.

Cognitive science has much to contribute to the general scientific body of knowledge, but it is also a field rife with possibilities for providing background research that can be leveraged by artificial intelligence (AI) developers. In this introduction, we briefly explore the history of AI. We particularly focus on the relationship between AI and cognitive science and introduce this special issue that promotes the method of inspiring AI development with the results of cognitive science research.

Feasibility of inpatient cardiac rehabilitation after percutaneous mitral valve reconstruction using clipping procedures: a retrospective analysis.

Background: To date, no studies on the feasibility or outcomes of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) after percutaneous mitral valve reconstruction using clipping procedures have been published. The aim of this study was to report on our first experiences with this special target group.

Methods: Monocentric retrospective analysis of 27 patients (72 ± 12 years old, 52% female) who underwent multimodal inpatient CR in the first 2 month after MitraClip™ implantation.

Gout Arthritis During Admission for Decompensated Heart Failure-A Descriptive Analysis of Risk Factors, Treatment and Prognosis.

Background: Chronic heart failure and hospital admissions are well-known risk factors for acute gouty arthritis. However, in-depth analyses of patients admitted for decompensated heart failure (DHF) who subsequently developed a gout attack are sparse. This study aims to characterize DHF patients who developed a gout attack during their inpatient treatment and describe potential risk factors, its consequences, and its management in the setting of heart failure exacerbation.

Deaggregation of Zinc Dihydride by Lewis Acids Including Carbon Dioxide in the Presence of Nitrogen Donors.

Thermally sensitive polymeric zinc dihydride [ZnH] can conveniently be prepared by the reaction of ZnEt with [AlH(NEt)]. When reacted with CO (1 bar) in the presence of chelating N-donor ligands L = ,,','-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), ,,','-tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine (TMPDA), -pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDTA), and 1,4,7,10-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (MeTACD), insertion into the Zn-H bond readily occurred. Depending on the denticity , formates [(L)Zn(OCHO)] were isolated and structurally characterized, either as a molecule (L = TMEDA, TMPDA, PMDTA) or a charge-separated ion pair [(L)Zn(OCHO)][OCHO] (L = MeTACD).

Counting Pandemic Statistics Remotely Using Webcams.

Objective: Lack of mask use during large public events might spread COVID-19. It is now possible to measure this and similar public health information using publicly available webcams. We demonstrate a rapid assessment approach for measuring mask usage at a public event.

More in, better out? Successful valve-in-valve procedure of an iatrogenic ventricular septal defect following transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a case report.

Background: A rare, but serious, complication following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is the occurrence of an iatrogenic ventricular septal defect (VSD).

Case Summary: We describe a case of an 80-year-old female who was referred with severe aortic stenosis for TAVR. Following thorough evaluation, the heart team consensus was to proceed with implantation via a transapical approach of an ACURATE neo M 25 mm valve (Boston Scientific, Natick, MA, USA).

Large-scale movements of common bottlenose dolphins in the Atlantic: dolphins with an international courtyard.

Wide-ranging connectivity patterns of common bottlenose dolphins () are generally poorly known worldwide and more so within the oceanic archipelagos of Macaronesia in the North East (NE) Atlantic. This study aimed to identify long-range movements between the archipelagos of Macaronesia that lie between 500 and 1,500 km apart, and between Madeira archipelago and the Portuguese continental shelf, through the compilation and comparison of bottlenose dolphin's photo-identification catalogues from different regions: one from Madeira ( = 363 individuals), two from different areas in the Azores ( = 495 and 176), and four from different islands of the Canary Islands ( = 182, 110, 142 and 281), summing up 1791 photographs. An additional comparison was made between the Madeira catalogue and one catalogue from Sagres, on the southwest tip of the Iberian Peninsula ( = 359).

Cationic Zinc Hydride Catalyzed Carbon Dioxide Reduction to Formate: Deciphering Elementary Reactions, Isolation of Intermediates, and Computational Investigations.

Zinc has been an element of choice for carbon dioxide reduction in recent years. Zinc compounds have been showcased as catalysts for carbon dioxide hydrosilylation and hydroboration. The extent of carbon dioxide reduction can depend on various factors, including electrophilicity at the zinc center and the denticity of the ancillary ligands.

Cognitive Modeling of Automation Adaptation in a Time Critical Task.

This paper presents a cognitive model that simulates an adaptation process to automation in a time-critical task. The paper uses a simple tracking task (which represents vehicle operation) to reveal how the reliance on automation changes as the success probabilities of the automatic and manual mode vary. The model was developed by using a cognitive architecture, ACT-R (Adaptive Control of Thought-Rational).

Molecular Zinc Hydride Cations [ZnH] : Synthesis, Structure, and CO Hydrosilylation Catalysis.

Protonolysis of [ZnH ] with the conjugated Brønsted acid of the bidentate diamine TMEDA (N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethane-1,2-diamine) and TEEDA (N,N,N',N'-tetraethylethane-1,2-diamine) gave the zinc hydride cation [(L )ZnH] , isolable either as the mononuclear THF adduct [(L )ZnH(thf)] [BAr ] (L =TMEDA; BAr =[B(3,5-(CF ) -C H ) ] ) or as the dimer [{(L )Zn)} (μ-H) ] [BAr ] (L =TEEDA). In contrast to [ZnH ] , the cationic zinc hydrides are thermally stable and soluble in THF. [(L )ZnH] was also shown to form di- and trinuclear adducts of the elusive neutral [(L )ZnH ].

A Computer-Based Tutor to Teach Nursing Trauma Care That Works as an Adjunct to High-Fidelity Simulation.

Educators are challenged to prepare nurses to care for low-frequency, high-stakes problems such as trauma. Computer-based tutors provide a cost-effective teaching strategy without risking patient safety. Evidence for the efficacy of this type of instruction is limited; thus, we tested the learning outcomes of a tutor on trauma care knowledge with senior nursing students.

Evaluation of Pd→B Interactions in Diphosphinoborane Complexes and Impact on Inner-Sphere Reductive Elimination.

The dative Pd→B interaction in a series of DPB Pd and Pd complexes ( DPB =(o-PR C H ) BR', diphosphinoborane) was analyzed using XRD, B NMR spectroscopy and NBO/NLMO calculations. The borane acceptor discriminates between the oxidation state Pd and Pd , stabilizing the latter. Reaction of lithium amides with [( DPB )Pd (4-NO C H )I] chemoselectively yields the C-N coupling product.

Specific Heat Study of 1D and 2D Excitations in the Layered Frustrated Quantum Antiferromagnets Cs_{2}CuCl_{4-x}Br_{x}.

We report an experimental and theoretical study of the low-temperature specific heat C and magnetic susceptibility χ of the layered anisotropic triangular-lattice spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnets Cs_{2}CuCl_{4-x}Br_{x} with x=0, 1, 2, and 4. We find that the ratio J^{'}/J of the exchange couplings ranges from 0.32 to ≈0.

Effects of Varied Surgical Simulation Training Schedules on Motor-Skill Acquisition.

There have been many studies to evaluate the effect of training schedules on retention; however, these usually compare only 2 drastically different schedules, massed and distributed, and they have tended to look at declarative knowledge tasks. This study examined learning on a laparoscopic surgery simulator using a set of procedural or perceptual-motor tasks with some declarative elements. The study used distributed, massed, and 2 hybrid-training schedules that are neither distributed nor massed.

Terminal hydridozinc cation.

A thermally stable terminal hydridozinc cation has been isolated. The nucleophilicity of the hydride ligand is demonstrated by inserting carbon dioxide, carbodiimide and benzophenone across the Zn-H bond in a facile manner. Preliminary studies on catalytic hydrosilylation using PhSiH3 indicate that the hydridozinc cation in the presence of BPh3 can selectively reduce CO2 to PhSi(OCHO)3.

A global database of water vapor isotopes measured with high temporal resolution infrared laser spectroscopy.

The isotopic composition of water vapour provides integrated perspectives on the hydrological histories of air masses and has been widely used for tracing physical processes in hydrological and climatic studies. Over the last two decades, the infrared laser spectroscopy technique has been used to measure the isotopic composition of water vapour near the Earth's surface. Here, we have assembled a global database of high temporal resolution stable water vapour isotope ratios (δO and δD) observed using this measurement technique.

[Municipal spending on primary health care in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil: an ecological study].

The study's objective was to explore the association between the components of fixed and variable Minimum Basic Care (Portuguese: PAB), sociodemographic factors, epidemiological profile, and municipal spending in primary health care in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. An ecological study in 496 municipalities (counties) in the state was carried out. Mean variable municipal spending from 2011 to 2013 from the financial block of primary health care, representing the actual spending with federal budget transfers, was based on data from the Management Report of the Strategic Management Support Room, and multiple linear regression was used.

ACT-R: A cognitive architecture for modeling cognition.

ACT-R is a hybrid cognitive architecture. It is comprised of a set of programmable information processing mechanisms that can be used to predict and explain human behavior including cognition and interaction with the environment. We start by reviewing its history, which shapes its current form, contrasts and relates it to other architectures, and helps readers to anticipate where it is going.