Structure and Magnetic Properties of the = 3 Ruddlesden-Popper Oxyfluoride LaSrFeOF.

Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) compounds of the general formula (AX)(ABX) with their unique sequence of perovskite-like (ABX) and rock-salt-like units (AX) promise applications in diverse fields such as catalysis and superconductivity. Fluorination of RP oxides often leads to dramatic changes in the material properties, caused by differences in the atomic and electronic structure. While current research focuses on fluorination of = 1 type RP oxides (ABO), = 3 RP oxyfluorides have remained elusive.

Short- and long-term immunosuppressive effects of melanoma influence the prognostic value of the sentinel lymph node status.

Background: Presence of micrometastases in the sentinel lymph node (SLN) is currently used to assess prognosis of melanoma patients. The immunoactivity within the SLN is known to be influenced by the primary tumor (PT), which may in turn impact the SLNs' metastatic state.

Aim: We characterize the temporal dependence and underlying mechanisms of the immunological effects of the PT on the SLN.

Invited Review: Improved control of Johne's disease in dairy cattle through advancements in diagnostics, testing and management of young stock.

Johne's disease (JD; paratuberculosis) control programs have been regionally implemented across the globe, but few have successfully eradicated the pathogen (Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP)) causing this disease. The limited success may partly be attributed to excluding young stock (calves and replacement heifers or bulls) from testing strategies aimed at identifying MAP-infected cattle.

2D to 3D Magnetism in Synthetic Micas.

Fe-based mica minerals usually display two opposing magnetic ground states, either they behave as spin-glasses or as layered ferrimagnets. No definite reason has been proposed as an explanation for this duality. This conundrum is unraveled by comparing the synthetic micas KFe[MGe]OX with M═Fe and Ga, X═OH and F.

Growth of BaCoWOsingle crystals and their magnetic, thermodynamic and electronic properties.

This study explores the bulk crystal growth, structural characterization, and physical property measurements of the cubic double perovskite BaCoWO(BCWO). In BCWO, Coions form a face-centred cubic lattice with non-distorted cobalt octahedra. The compound exhibits long-range antiferromagnetic order below= 14 K.

Evaluation of Novel Diaza Cage Compounds as MRP Modulators in Cancer Cells.

Aim: Novel MRP modulators are needed to combat MRP-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells.

Background: Anticancer drug resistance is the main problem in cancer therapy. Causative multidrug efflux pumps are attractive target structures for the development of inhibitors of their activity.

A non-canonical repressor function of JUN restrains YAP activity and liver cancer growth.

Yes-associated protein (YAP) and its homolog, transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), are the main transcriptional downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway. Decreased Hippo pathway activity leads to nuclear translocation of YAP/TAZ where they interact with TEAD transcription factors to induce target gene expression. Unrestrained YAP/TAZ activity can lead to excessive growth and tumor formation in a short time, underscoring the evolutionary need for tight control of these two transcriptional coactivators.

Invited review: Qualitative social and human science research focusing on actors in and around dairy farming.

Qualitative research related to humans, dairy cows, calves, and farming has been published by scientists from a variety of disciplines in many journals targeting dairy science audiences. We aimed to investigate how scientific communities other than those working in dairy science describe, analyze, and discuss dairy farming, because we found it important to bring this research to the attention of dairy scientists. In total, 117 articles were identified as involving one or more qualitative research methods in relation to dairy cattle.

Identification of distinct phenotypes and improving prognosis using metabolic biomarkers in COVID-19 patients.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the levels of adipokines and other endocrine biomarkers and patient outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Methods: In a prospective study that included 213 subjects with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit, we measured the levels of cortisol, C-peptide, glucagon-like peptide-1, insulin, peptide YY, ghrelin, leptin, and resistin.; their contributions to patient clustering, disease severity, and predicting in-hospital mortality were analyzed.

Drug administration via feeding tubes-a procedure that carries risks: systematic identification of critical factors based on commonly administered drugs in a cohort of stroke patients.

Purpose: Drug administration via feeding tubes is considered a process with many uncertainties. This review aimed to give a comprehensive overview of data available on feeding tube application and to carry out risk assessments for drug substances commonly administered to stroke patients.

Methods: Drugs frequently administered via feeding tubes were identified through a retrospective analysis of discharge letters from a stroke unit.

Awareness and perceived barriers to the adoption of best management practices for the transportation of lactating cull dairy cows of dairy producers in Ontario.

The objective of this study was to understand dairy farmers' awareness of and perceived barriers to the implementation of best management practices (BMP) for the transportation of lactating culled cows being moved to auction or abattoir. An invitation to participate was emailed to all dairy farms in Ontario, Canada. Responses to this invitation were used to recruit additional participants through criterion purposive snowball sampling.

Disordered magnetic ground state in a quasi-1-Dcolumnar iridate SrLiIrO.

Spin-orbit coupling offers a large variety of novel and extraordinary magnetic and electronic properties in otherwise 'ordinary pool' of heavy ion oxides. Here we present a detailed study on an apparently isolated hexagonal 2spin-chainiridate SrLiIrOwith geometric frustration. Our structural studies reveal Li-Ir chemical order with desired stoichiometry in this compound, while x-ray absorption together with x-ray photoemission spectroscopic characterizations establish pure 5+ valence of Ir.

High-pressure synthesis of Ruddlesden-Popper nitrides.

Layered perovskites with Ruddlesden-Popper-type structures are fundamentally important for low-dimensional properties, for example, photovoltaic hybrid iodides and superconducting copper oxides. Many such halides and oxides are known, but analogous nitrides are difficult to stabilize due to the high cation oxidation states required to balance the anion charges. Here we report the high-pressure synthesis of three single-layer Ruddlesden-Popper (KNiF type) nitrides-PrReN, NdReN and CeTaN-along with their structural characterization and properties.

Multi-detector fusion and Bayesian smoothing for tracking viral and chromatin structures.

Automatic tracking of viral and intracellular structures displayed as spots with varying sizes in fluorescence microscopy images is an important task to quantify cellular processes. We propose a novel probabilistic tracking approach for multiple particle tracking based on multi-detector and multi-scale data fusion as well as Bayesian smoothing. The approach integrates results from multiple detectors using a novel intensity-based covariance intersection method which takes into account information about the image intensities, positions, and uncertainties.

Masking the Bioactivity of Hydroxamic Acids by Coordination to Cobalt: Towards Bioreductive Anticancer Agents.

The clinical use of many potent anticancer agents is limited by their non-selective toxicity to healthy tissue. One of these examples is vorinostat (SAHA), a pan histone deacetylase inhibitor, which shows high cytotoxicity with limited discrimination for cancerous over healthy cells. In an attempt to improve tumor selectivity, we exploited the properties of cobalt(III) as a redox-active metal center through stabilization with cyclen and cyclam tetraazamacrocycles, masking the anticancer activity of SAHA and other hydroxamic acid derivatives to allow for the complex to reach the hypoxic microenvironment of the tumor.

Anionic and Magnetic Ordering in Rare Earth Tantalum Oxynitrides with an = 1 Ruddlesden-Popper Structure.

The new compounds RTaON with R = La, Ce, Nd, and Eu and 1.20 ≤ ≤ 2.81 have been obtained by a solid-state reaction between metal nitrides and oxides or oxynitrides under N gas at temperatures between 1200 and 1700 °C.

Investigation of real-life drug intake behaviour in older adults and geriatric patients in Northern Germany - A biopharmaceutical perspective.

Dosing conditions (type and amount of accompanying fluid, the type of food, the time of administration, and dosage form modifications such as crushing tablets) are critical and affect the performance of oral dosage forms in the gastrointestinal tract and thus bioavailability. Because older adults are the primary users of medications and are more susceptible to adverse effects, it is important to understand how they take their medications in order to reduce risks and increase benefits of the pharmacotherapy. The aim of the study was to investigate the real-life drug intake behaviour in geriatric patients and older adults and discuss their influence on drug absorption after oral administration.

(CaMn)MnTeO - An Anomalously Stable High-Pressure Double Perovskite.

High pressure high temperature treatments of the composition CaMnMnTeO are found to yield only an ABB'O-type double perovskite (CaMn)MnTeO, rather than a AA'BB'O double double perovskite with A- and B- site cation order as found in analogs CaMnMnReO and CaMnMnWO with similar cation sizes. Double perovskite (CaMn)MnTeO adopts a monoclinic structure in space group P2/n with a framework of highly tilted MnO and TeO octahedra enclosing disordered Ca and Mn cations. Magnetic measurements show that (CaMn)MnTeO is a highly frustrated spin glass with a freezing transition at 5 K, and no long-range spin order is apparent by neutron diffraction at 1.

The Interplay of Electronic Configuration and Anion Ordering on the Magnetic Behavior of Hydroxyfluoride Diaspores.

We report a new nickel hydroxyfluoride diaspore Ni(OH)F prepared using hydrothermal synthesis from NiCl·6HO and NaF. Magnetic characterization reveals that, contrary to other reported transition-metal hydroxyfluoride diaspores, Ni(OH)F displays weak ferromagnetism below the magnetic ordering temperature. To understand this difference, neutron diffraction is used to determine the long-range magnetic structure.

Initiation of acute pancreatitis in mice is independent of fusion between lysosomes and zymogen granules.

The co-localization of the lysosomal protease cathepsin B (CTSB) and the digestive zymogen trypsinogen is a prerequisite for the initiation of acute pancreatitis. However, the exact molecular mechanisms of co-localization are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of lysosomes in the onset of acute pancreatitis by using two different experimental approaches.

'It's more emotionally based': Prince Edward Island horse owner perspectives of horse weight management.

Horse obesity is a growing concern that can result in negative welfare. The role horse owners play in horse weight management is not well understood. This study aimed to: (1) explore the attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions of owners with overweight or obese horses regarding their horses' weight; and (2) understand the motivators and barriers for owners to implement, improve and maintain weight management-related strategies.