The utility of the Ion Torrent PGM next generation sequencing for analysis of the most commonly mutated genes among patients with colorectal cancer in India.

Background: The requirement for the mutation analysis for Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) in colorectal cancer (CRC) is rapidly increasing as it is a predictive biomarker and also, its absence signifies response to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) antibody treatment. The aim of our study was to investigate the pathological diagnosis and distribution of KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer with the use of next generation sequencing platform (Ion Torrent).

Methods: A total of 56 CRC samples were tested to identify the genetic mutations, especially KRAS using the primers which included ~2800 COSMIC mutations of 50 oncogenes.

Synchronous Parotid and Homolateral Submandibular Gland Pleomorphic Adenoma.

Introduction: Pleomorphic adenomas are benign neoplasms of salivary glands. The simultaneous homolateral occurrence of these tumors in salivary glands is exceedingly rare.

Case Report: An adult female presenting to our OPD with the swelling of right-sided preauricular and submandibular regions was diagnosed with the pleomorphic adenoma based on fine needle aspiration cytology.

Core Biopsy Diagnosis of ALK Positive Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of Lung: An Interesting Case.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of lung is a rare tumor, accounting for ~0.7% of all lung tumors with varied clinical and radiological presentations. The origin of this tumor is unknown but some studies suggest that it might be a true neoplasm as some mutations on chromosome 2p23 of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) have been found to be related to this tumor.

Applying newer parameter Ret-He (reticulocyte haemoglobin equivalent) to assess latent iron deficiency (LID) in blood donors-study at a tertiary care hospital in India.

Background: It is important to detect Latent Iron Deficiency (LID) to prevent development of an overt iron deficiency anemia. Early detection is difficult by using conventional hematological and biochemical parameters. Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) is presently the gold standard for diagnosing LID.

Significant Haematogone Proliferation Mimicking Relapse in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia on Therapy.

Haematogones are benign B lymphoid precursors which may mimic neoplastic lymphoblasts and pose diagnostic difficulty especially when the percentage of haematogones exceeds 10% in the bone marrow. Flow cytometric analysis with combination of CD19/CD10/CD20/CD34/CD38/CD58 can be used to differentiate the two depending upon the difference in the fluorescence intensity between blasts and haematogones. We hereby present a case of Common Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia Associated Antigen (CALLA) positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL), in which patient presented with haematogone proliferation in bone marrow after 6 months of chemotherapy mimicking relapse.

Hodgkin Lymphoma in a Case of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by increased and unregulated proliferation of granulocytic lineage in the bone marrow and presence of these immature myeloid cells in the peripheral blood with presence of Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are the most important drugs in the CML therapy and provide long disease-free survival. Due to the increased survival of CML patients with continual administration of these drugs, the chance of development of secondary malignancies may increase.

Hepatosplenic T Cell Lymphoma in an Immunocompetent Female Diagnosed using Flow Cytometry: A Rare Clinical Entity.

Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma is a rare haematopoietic malignancy that comprises less than 1% of Non-Hodgkin lymphomas. We are reporting a case of a 26-year-old female, who presented with pallor, weight loss, jaundice, pancytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly. The bone marrow examination showed infiltration by lymphoid cells.

Unusually Aggressive Primary Testicular Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma with Post Therapy Extensive Metastasis.

Primary Testicular Lymphoma (PTL) is a rare intermediate to high grade tumour, diffuse large cell being the most common type. Unlike nodal Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), testicular DLBCL has a less aggressive course and better prognosis. Metastasis is uncommon in testicular DLBCL.

Expression of CD71 by flow cytometry in acute leukemias: More often seen in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: CD71 is a marker that has been usually used for identifying dysplasia in the erythroid series. We have tried to evaluate the expression of CD71 in various types of acute leukemias.

Materials And Methods: We studied 48 patients of acute leukemia, of which 25 were acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 13 were precursor B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), 8 were T-ALL, and 2 were mixed phenotype acute leukemia (T/myeloid) as per the WHO classification.