Comparative Analysis of the Protective Effect of Naringenin on Cardiovascular Parameters of Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats Subjected to the Myocardial Infarction Model.

Cardiovascular diseases rank as the top global cause of mortality, particularly acute myocardial infarction (MI). MI arises from the blockage of a coronary artery, which disrupts blood flow and results in tissue death. Among therapeutic approaches, bioactives from medicinal plants emerge as promising for the development of new medicines.

Involvement of Cholinergic and Cyclooxygenase Pathways in the Diuretic Effects of Rosmarinic Acid.

Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural antioxidant known for its diverse biological activities. Although its diuretic activity has been previously established, the mode of action remained unclear. To investigate this, we examined the diuretic activity of RA alone and in combination with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), amiloride (AML), atropine (ATR), and indomethacin (INDO) to see if any of these drugs could interfere with RA's activity in an 8 hour acute diuresis animal model.

In Vitro and In Vivo Antiurolithic Effect of Betulinic Acid Obtained from .

The study aimed to investigate the potential antiurolithic effects of extracts, fractions, and betulinic acid (BA) from . In vitro analysis involved precipitating calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals in urine. For in vivo studies, rats were divided into four groups: naive; vehicle; potassium citrate (KC); and BA.

Protective Role of Rosmarinic Acid in Experimental Urolithiasis: Understanding Its Impact on Renal Parameters.

This study aimed to assess the ability of rosmarinic acid (RA) to prevent kidney stone formation in an ethylene glycol and ammonium chloride (EG/AC) model. There was an increase in diuresis in the normotensive (NTRs) and hypertensive rats (SHRs) treated with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) and exposed to EG/AC, while RA restored urine volume in NTRs. The EG/AC groups exhibited lower urine pH and electrolyte imbalance; these parameters were not affected by any of the treatments.

Characterization of Diclofenac-induced Renal Damage in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats: A Comparative Analysis.

Background: Diclofenac is the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) mostly prescribed worldwide, but it is highly associated with hypertension and acute kidney injury. Despite that, little information is available about the renal effects of diclofenac in hypertensive individuals, which led us to carry out this comparative study between the renal effects of this NSAID in normotensive (NTR) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).

Methods: Male Wistar NTR and SHR were orally treated with vehicle (V: 10 mL/kg) or diclofenac sodium (D: 100 mg/kg) once a day for 3 days.

Vasodilation and Blood Pressure-Lowering Effect of 3-Demethyl-2-Geranyl-4-Prenylbellidifoline, a Xanthone Obtained from , in Hypertensive Rats.

3-demethyl-2-geranyl-4-prenylbellidifoline (DGP), a natural xanthone isolated from , has previously demonstrated remarkable diuretic and renal protective actions. The present study expands its actions on the cardiovascular system by evaluating its vasorelaxant and blood pressure-lowering effects in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Aortic endothelium-intact (E+) preparations of SHRs pre-contracted by phenylephrine and exposed to cumulative concentrations of extract, fractions, and DGP exhibited a significant relaxation compared to vehicle-only exposed rings.

Naringen's Effects on Diuresis and Prevention of Urolithiasis in Hypertensive Rats.

This research demonstrates the diuretic effect of naringenin, a flavanone aglycone found in citrus, on spontaneously hypertensive female and male rats (SHR). The data reinforces existing literature findings that male SHR exhibits higher systolic blood pressure than age-matched females. Urine volume assessed over 8 hours was lower when obtained from SHR males than females.

Role of K and Ca Channels in the Vasodilator Effects of (Brazilian Boldo) in Hypertensive Rats.

, popularly known as Brazilian boldo, is used in Brazilian folk medicine to treat cardiovascular disorders including hypertension. This study investigated the chemical profile by UFLC-DAD-MS and the relaxant effect by using an isolated organ bath of the hydroethanolic extract of (HEPB) leaves on the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). A total of nineteen compounds were annotated from HEPB, and the main metabolite classes found were flavonoids, diterpenoids, cinnamic acid derivatives, and organic acids.

Gastroprotective effect of Artemisia absinthium L.: A medicinal plant used in the treatment of digestive disorders.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.) is traditionally used for stomach pain and gastric relief. However, its possible gastroprotective effect has not yet been experimentally evaluated.

Diuretic and Natriuretic Effects of Hesperidin, a Flavanone Glycoside, in Female and Male Hypertensive Rats.

Hesperidin (HSP) is a major flavanone glycoside in citrus fruits, including sweet oranges and lemons. It demonstrates numerous pharmacological activities, such as antihypertensive effects and cardiac and kidney tissue protection. However, its effect on modulating renal function has yet to be properly explored.

Exotic Medicinal Plants Used in Brazil with Diuretic Properties: A Review.

Several exotic plants (non-native) are used in Brazilian traditional medicine and are known worldwide for their possible diuretic actions. Among the wide variety of plants, standing out Achillea millefolium L., Camellia sinensis L.

Boldine, an Alkaloid from Molina, Induces Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in the Perfused Rat Kidney: Involvement of Nitric Oxide and Small-Conductance Ca-Activated K Channel.

Boldine, 2,9-dihydroxy-1,10-dimethoxyaporphine, is the main alkaloid found in the leaves and bark of Molina. In recent years, boldine has demonstrated several pharmacological properties that benefit endothelial function, blood pressure control, and reduce damage in kidney diseases. However, the renal vasodilator effects and mechanisms remain unknown.

Ethyl Acetate Fraction from (A. Gray) Cong. Leaves Promotes Vasodilatation and Reduces Blood Pressure in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats.

(A. Gray) Cong. is widely distributed in the south of Brazil and is commonly used for cardiovascular and kidney ailments.

Sambucus nigra: A traditional medicine effective in reducing inflammation in mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Sambucus nigra L. is a plant of European origin and popularly known as elder, elderberry, black elder, European elder, European elderberry, and European black elderberry, being described in pharmacopoeia of several countries. Its flowers and berries have been used in folk medicine to treat feverish conditions, coughing, nasal congestion, and influenza besides its popular use as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic agent.

Involvement of bradykinin and prostaglandins in the diuretic effects of Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae).

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae), popularly known as "mil-folhas", is well recognized and widely used in Brazilian folk medicine to treat heart and kidney disorders. Among its popularly described effects are diuretic and hypotensive actions.