Effects of a 10-d Military Field Exercise on Body Composition, Physical Performance, and Muscle Cells in Men and Women.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a demanding military field exercise on physical performance, body composition, and muscle cellular outcomes in men and women.

Methods: Ten men (20.5 ± 0.

Sex differences in the physiological response to a demanding military field exercise.

Purpose: To investigate sex differences in the effect of a military field exercise on physical performance, body composition, and blood biomarkers.

Methods: Measurements were done in 23 male and 12 female conscripts before, and 0, 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after a 6-day military field exercise.

Results: During the field exercise, body mass decreased more in men (-6.

The use of organotypic hippocampal slice cultures to evaluate protection by non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonists against excitotoxicity.

There is great interest in testing neuroprotectants which inhibit the neurodegeneration that results from excessive activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. As an alternative to in vivo testing in animal models, we demonstrate here the use of a complex in vitro model to compare the efficacy and toxicity of NMDA receptor inhibitors. Organotypic hippocampal slice cultures were used to compare the effectiveness of the Alzheimer's disease drug, memantine, the Parkinson's disease drug, procyclidine, and the novel neuroprotectant, gacyclidine (GK11), against NMDA-induced toxicity.

Measurements with fluorescent probes in primary neural cultures; improved multiwell techniques.

Introduction: Fluorescence imaging techniques are valuable tools for the pharmacological characterization of CNS drugs. Dissected cerebellar granule neurons (CGN) are an important model system in the study of mechanisms of excitotoxicity, glutamate receptors and transporters. Widely applied techniques use fluorescent probes loaded in neural cells cultured on glass supports.

Pre-junctional effects of oximes on [3H]-acetylcholine release in rat hippocampal slices during soman intoxication.

In this study, the non-reactivating effects of oximes in the hippocampus of the rat are investigated. The potassium (51 mM) evoked release of [(3)H]-acetylcholine and the liberation of [(3)H]-choline were determined in hippocampal slices following in vitro exposure to soman and five oximes (toxogonin, HI-6, HLö-7, P2S and 2-PAM) in separate experiments by superfusion. In the absence of soman, toxogonin and HLö-7 in particular induced a concentration dependent significant increase in the evoked release of [(3)H]-acetylcholine.