Occurrence and characterisation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine milk in Hungary.

The last surveys on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from bovine milk in Hungary took place in the 2000s. To elucidate the genetic variability and to estimate the burden of the pathogen, MRSA from our strain collection and prospectively collected Staphylococcus aureus (SA) isolates originating from two milk hygiene laboratories were investigated. Between 2003 and 2018, 27 MRSA strains originating from 10 dairy farms were deposited and characterised.

Genomic Analysis of Strains Originating from Hungarian Rabbit Farms Reinforce the Clonal Origin of Various Virulence Types.

Staphylococcosis is one of the most important infectious diseases in rabbit medicine, especially in commercial farming. Previous studies revealed the existence of virulent variants adapted to rabbits. Typical and atypical, highly virulent as well as low virulent variants have been isolated and reported from industrial units in all major rabbit-meat-producing countries.

Metagenomic Analysis of Acquired Antibiotic Resistance Determinants in the Gut Microbiota of Wild Boars - Preliminary Results.

Introduction: Land application of manure that contains antibiotics and resistant bacteria may facilitate the establishment of an environmental reservoir of antibiotic-resistant microbes, promoting their dissemination into agricultural and natural habitats. The main objective of this study was to search for acquired antibiotic resistance determinants in the gut microbiota of wild boar populations living in natural habitats.

Material And Methods: Gastrointestinal samples of free-living wild boars were collected in the Zemplén Mountains in Hungary and were characterised by culture-based, metagenomic, and molecular microbiological methods.

The relationship between reproductive and biochemical ageing at the time of the menopausal transition.

The biochemical ageing status of women in the menopausal transition was studied using quantitative analysis of age- and autophagy-related gene activities (CDC42 and MAP1LC3 genes were selected as target genes). Free estradiol and progesterone levels in saliva were estimated. General linear models were used to determine the relationship between lifestyle, health status, socioeconomic factors and CDC42 and MAP1LC3 gene expression levels.

Ottowia pentelensis sp. nov., a floc-forming betaproteobacterium isolated from an activated sludge system treating coke plant effluent.

A Gram-negative-staining, short-rod-shaped, floc-forming bacterium, designated strain RB3-7(T), was isolated from a laboratory-scale activated sludge system treating coke plant effluent. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence demonstrated that the novel isolate was distantly related (≤ 95.8 % similarity) to Ottowia thiooxydans K11(T) within the family Comamonadaceae.

Addressing PCR biases in environmental microbiology studies.

Each step of a molecular environmental microbiology study is prone to errors, though the qualitative and quantitative biases of PCR amplification could result in the most serious biases. One has to be aware of this fact, and well-characterized PCR biases have to be avoided by using target-optimized PCR protocols. The most important tasks are primer and thermal profile optimization.

DGGE and T-RFLP analysis of bacterial succession during mushroom compost production and sequence-aided T-RFLP profile of mature compost.

The amount of button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) harvested from compost is largely affected by the microbial processes taking place during composting and the microbes inhabiting the mature compost. In this study, the microbial changes during the stages of this specific composting process were monitored, and the dominant bacteria of the mature compost were identified to reveal the microbiological background of the favorable properties of the heat-treated phase II mushroom compost. 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA)-based denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) molecular fingerprinting methods were used to track the succession of microbial communities in summer and winter composting cycles.

Metabolic activity and phylogenetic diversity of reed (Phragmites australis) periphyton bacterial communities in a hungarian shallow soda lake.

In the present study, the species composition and potential metabolic activities of bacterial communities of reed Phragmites australis (Cav.) (Trin. ex Steudel) periphyton from Lake Velencei were studied by cultivation-based and metabolic fingerprinting methods.

Effect of primer mismatch, annealing temperature and PCR cycle number on 16S rRNA gene-targetting bacterial community analysis.

In the attempt to explore complex bacterial communities of environmental samples, primers hybridizing to phylogenetically highly conserved regions of 16S rRNA genes are widely used, but differential amplification is a recognized problem. The biases associated with preferential amplification of multitemplate PCR were investigated using 'universal' bacteria-specific primers, focusing on the effect of primer mismatch, annealing temperature and PCR cycle number. The distortion of the template-to-product ratio was measured using predefined template mixtures and environmental samples by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.

Observation of bias associated with re-amplification of DNA isolated from denaturing gradient gels.

DNA from environmental PCR products separated by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was isolated from the background smear rather than from discrete bands of the DGGE gel. The "interband" region was considered as a potential source of less dominant members of natural microbial communities. Surprisingly, instead of detecting new bands from the re-amplified PCR products, patterns very similar to the original ones were obtained regardless of the position of the "interband" region.