Diagnostic accuracy of the Dutch version of the 4AT for delirium detection in a mixed patient population and setting.

Background: Delirium is an acute disturbance in attention, awareness and cognition. Immediate detection in older adults is recommended because delirium is associated with adverse outcomes. The 4 'A's Test (4AT) is a short screening instrument for delirium.

Improved detection of delirium, implementation and validation of the CAM-ICU in elderly Emergency Department patients.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of routine use of the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) on the diagnosis rate of delirium in elderly Emergency Department (ED) patients and the validity of the CAM-ICU in the ED setting.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study in a tertiary care academic ED. We compared the diagnosis rate of delirium before implementation of the CAM-ICU, without routine use of a screening tool, with the diagnosis rate after implementation of the CAM-ICU.

Relationship between progression to AIDS and thrombophilic abnormalities in HIV infection.

Background: HIV-infected patients are at increased risk of venous and arterial thrombosis. We hypothesized that acquired thrombophilic abnormalities that could predispose to thrombosis are most pronounced in patients in advanced stages of HIV infection.

Methods: We included 109 consecutive HIV-infected patients in the study and tested them twice for currently known thrombophilic abnormalities at an interval of at least 3 months (median, 3 months; range, 3-12 months).