Comprehensive clinical imaging, histopathological analysis and liquid biopsy-based surveillance of human uveal melanoma in a prolonged rabbit xenograft model.

Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular tumor in adults. Our group has previously developed a human uveal melanoma animal model; however, adverse effects caused by the immunosuppressive agent, cyclosporine A, prevented animals from surviving more than 12 weeks. In this study, we tested multiple cyclosporine A doses over an extended disease course up to 20 weeks, providing complete clinical imaging of intraocular tumors, histopathological analysis and liquid biopsy biomarker analysis.

Immune recovery uveitis: a focus review.

Immune recovery uveitis (IRU) is an intraocular inflammation that typically occurs as part of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in the eye. Typically, it affects human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with recognized or unrecognized cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis who are receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). IRU is a common cause of new vision loss in these patients, and it manifests with a wide range of symptoms and an increased risk of inflammatory complications, such as macular edema.

Circulating tumor DNA tracking through driver mutations as a liquid biopsy-based biomarker for uveal melanoma.

Background: Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common intraocular tumor in adults. Despite good primary tumor control, up to 50% of patients develop metastasis, which is lethal. UM often presents asymptomatically and is usually diagnosed by clinical examination and imaging, making it one of the few cancer types diagnosed without a biopsy.

The role of ophthalmic imaging in central nervous system degeneration in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune connective tissue disorder that can involve any organ system. Central nervous system involvement can be a severe life threatening complication, ultimately resulting in severe neurodegenerative changes. Magnetic resonance imaging suggests that neurodegeneration, which may have deleterious effects on brain function, may occur early in SLE and experimental models suggest that neuroprotection may be feasible and beneficial.

OCT in Alzheimer's disease: thinning of the RNFL and superior hemiretina.

Background: Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and internal macular layer thinning have been demonstrated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) with optical coherence tomography (OCT) studies. The purpose of this study is to compare the pRNFL thickness and overall retinal thickness (RT) in AD patients with non-AD patients, using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and determine the sectors most characteristically affected in AD.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed to determine the pRNFL and overall macular RT thicknesses in AD and non-AD patients, attending a tertiary hospital center.

Choroidal thinning: Alzheimer's disease and aging.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to measure and to compare macular choroidal thickness (CT) between patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD), patients without AD, and elderly patients.

Methods: CT was measured manually in 13 locations at 500-μm intervals of a horizontal and a vertical section from the fovea. Linear regression models were used to analyze the data.

CHOROIDAL THICKNESS IN DIABETIC PATIENTS WITHOUT DIABETIC RETINOPATHY.

Purpose: To compare choroidal thickness (CT) between diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy and a nondiabetic group. To explore how CT relates to disease duration, mean arterial pressure, glycemia, glycosylated hemoglobin, intraocular pressure, and ocular pulse amplitude.

Methods: Choroidal thickness was assessed using a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography and enhanced depth mode at 13 locations (subfoveal and 3 measurements 500 μm apart in 4 directions-nasal, temporal, superior, and inferior).

Retina and Choroid of Diabetic Patients Without Observed Retinal Vascular Changes: A Longitudinal Study.

Purpose: To identify changes in choroidal thickness (CT) and all retinal layers of diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR) after 1 year of follow-up.

Design: Prospective observational cohort study.

Methods: Overall, 125 diabetic patients without DR were included.