Fundamentals of Nonparametric Statistical Tests for Dental Clinical Research.

This article provides the foundation for employing nonparametric testing in dental clinical research. To make wise judgments in their research, investigators should learn more about the main nonparametric tests and their particular uses. Biostatistical analysis is essential in dental research; dental research frequently deviates from the assumptions that underpin traditional parametric statistics.

Antibacterial Effect of Silver Nanoparticles against Oral Biofilms in Subjects with Motor and Intellectual Disabilities.

Background: Motor and intellectual disabilities (MIDs) represent a great challenge for maintaining general health due to physical and cognitive limitations, particularly in the maintenance and preservation of oral health. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic tool for bacterial control, including oral biofilms; however, knowledge of the bactericidal effectiveness of oral biofilms from patients with MIDs is insufficient. This study aims to determine the antimicrobial effect of AgNPs on different oral biofilms taken from patients with and without MIDs.

Bactericidal Activity of Silver Nanoparticles on Oral Biofilms Related to Patients with and without Periodontal Disease.

Background And Objectives: Periodontal disease (PD) is a multifactorial oral disease regularly caused by bacterial biofilms. Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) have offered good antimicrobial activity; moreover, there is no available scientific information related to their antimicrobial effects in biofilms from patients with PD. This study reports the bactericidal activity of AgNP against oral biofilms related to PD.

A systematic review of the protein composition of whole saliva in subjects with healthy periodontium compared with chronic periodontitis.

Context: Periodontitis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease linked to oral microbiota dysbiosis. This disease progresses to infection that stimulates a host immune/inflammatory response, with progressive destruction of the tooth-supporting structures.

Objective: This systematic review aims to present a robust critical evaluation of the evidence of salivary protein profiles for identifying oral diseases using proteomic approaches and summarize the use of these approaches to diagnose chronic periodontitis.

Anti-Adherence and Antimicrobial Activities of Silver Nanoparticles against Serotypes and of on Orthodontic Appliances.

Background and Objectives: Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is the main microorganism associated with the presence of dental caries and specific serotypes of this bacteria have been related to several systemic diseases limiting general health. In orthodontics, white spot lesions (WSL), represent a great challenge for clinicians due to the great fluctuation of their prevalence and incidence during conventional orthodontic treatments.

Prevalence of Candida albicans in primary endodontic infections associated with a higher frequency of apical periodontitis in type two diabetes mellitus patients.

To identify the prevalence of C. albicans in primary endodontic infections of type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and compare their clinical and radiographical characteristics with a non-diabetic control group, establishing the possible relationship between primary endodontic infection, T2DM, and C. albicans, since diabetes mellitus (DM), influences the development, course, and response to the treatment of apical periodontitis, but the presence of Candida albicans (C.

Filifactor alocis and Dialister pneumosintes in a Mexican population affected by periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis: An exploratory study.

Filifactor alocis and Dialister pneumosintes have been associated with the initiation and progression of periodontitis (PE). We determined and compared the frequency of both bacteria in patients with PE, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and PE/RA simultaneously. Detection was performed by polymerase chain reaction in the subgingival biofilm.

The frequency and severity of dental caries, and counts of cariogenic bacteria in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Background: It has been reported that patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are more likely to exhibit periodontitis than patients without RA. However, the frequency and severity of dental caries in patients with RA is still unknown.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate whether higher counts of cariogenic bacteria are present in RA patients in contrast to healthy subjects, and to ascertain whether the frequency and severity of dental caries are increased in RA patients.

Detection of the antimicrobial resistance genes bla, cfxA, tetQ, tetM, tetW and ermC in endodontic infections of a Mexican population.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of genes encoding resistance to three groups of antimicrobial agents in root canal samples from primary infection or post-treatment disease in Mexico.

Methods: A total of 64 subjects requiring root canal treatment because of primary infection or post-treatment disease were enrolled in this cross-sectional analytical study. Root canal samples were obtained and DNA was isolated.

Distribution of Porphyromonas gingivalis fimA genotypes in patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis.

Objective: To determine and compare the distribution of Porphyromonas gingivalis fimA genotypes in patients affected by Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis (PE).

Materials And Methods: This study involved 394 subjects divided into four groups, RA, PE, RA and PE and healthy subjects. PE was diagnosed by using clinical attachment loss (CAL) and probing depth (PD) indexes.

Dental Decay and Oral Findings in Children and Adolescents Affected by Different Types of Cerebral Palsy: A Comparative Study.

Objective: To compare dental caries and oral findings in patients affected by different types of Cerebral Palsy (CP).

Study Design: This cross-sectional study involved 120 children and adolescents with a diagnosis of CP. WHO diagnostic criteria were used to determine DMFT (caries diagnosis), the pocket depth and attachment level (periodontitis diagnosis).

Periapical Healing of Endodontically Treated Teeth Filled Only in the Apical Third: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To provide evidence from a clinical viewpoint that the bacteria persisting within the root canal system do not have a significant impact on the treatment outcome as long as an adequate apical sealing is performed.

Methods: A total of 42 patients with pulp necrosis and a periapical index (PAI) score of 5. Root canal treatment was performed in which the root canal filling was limited to the apical third of the root.

Association of cytokines polymorphisms with chronic peridontitis and rheumatoid arthritis in a Mexican population.

Objective: Historically, it has been shown that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis (PE) share pathophysiological similarities and possibly a genetic background. In order to elucidate the genetic background between both diseases, we evaluated the distributions of five SNPs genotypes and all the possible haplotypes composed in subjects with isolated RA, PE, combined diseases and healthy controls.

Materials And Methods: The study population consisted of 280 Mexican subjects.

Quantitative and functional analysis of CD69 T regulatory lymphocytes in patients with periodontal disease.

Background: Periodontal disease is chronic inflammatory process that affects the attachment structures of the teeth and constitutes a significant cause of tooth loss in adults. Although different bacteria play an important role in the triggering of this condition, the progression and severity of the disease are strongly affected by the host immune response, which is under the control of different immune regulatory mechanisms, including T regulatory (Treg) cells. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and function of CD69 Treg lymphocytes in patients with chronic periodontal disease.

Antimicrobial Properties of Biofunctionalized Silver Nanoparticles on Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus mutans and Its Serotypes.

(1) Background: () is the principal pathogen involved in the formation of dental caries. Other systemic diseases have also been associated with specific serotypes (, , , and ). Silver nanoparticles (SNP) have been demonstrated to have good antibacterial effects against ; therefore, limited studies have evaluated the antimicrobial activity of biofunctionalized SNP on serotypes.

Association between periodontitis, periodontopathogens and preterm birth: is it real?

Purpose: To identify the association between periodontitis and periodontal pathogens with preterm birth despite the strict control of some important confounders, such as infectious processes and criteria for diagnosis of periodontitis during pregnancy.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional study were included 70 healthy puerperal women between 20 and 35 years without a history of genitourinary infections during pregnancy. Based on the gestational age they were divided into two groups: 45 with term birth (>37 weeks) and 25 with preterm birth (<37 weeks).

Comparison of oral streptococci biofilm in caries-free and caries-affected preschool Mexican children.

Interaction of oral streptococci biofilm is the main etiological factor for dental caries. The aim of the study was to compare oral streptococci (OS) distribution in the biofilm of primary dentition from caries-free and caries-affected preschool Mexican children. This cross-sectional study involved 40 caries-free and 40 caries-affected children with primary dentition.

Peripheral arterial disease associated with caries and periodontal disease.

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is an important cardiovascular disorder of the peripheral arteries. Chronic infections, such as periodontitis, may play an important role in the etiology and pathophysiology of PAD and other cardiovascular conditions. Recently, Streptococcus mutans has been found with high frequency in atheromatous plaques.

Rheumatoid arthritis and the role of oral bacteria.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontal disease (PD) have shown similar physiopathologic mechanisms such as chronic inflammation with adjacent bone resorption in an immunogenetically susceptible host; however, PD has a well-recognized bacterial etiology while the cause of RA is unclear. Some reports have indicated that an infectious agent in a susceptible host could be one possible trigger factor for RA, and it has been suggested that oral microorganisms, specialty periodontal bacteria could be the infectious agent (mainly Porphyromonas gingivalis). It has been reported that PD is more frequent and more severe in patients with RA, suggesting a positive association between both diseases.

Detection of periodontal bacterial DNA in serum and synovial fluid in refractory rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Aim: To identify periodontal bacterial DNA (PBDNA) by PCR in subgingival dental plaque (SDP), serum and synovial fluid (SF) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with periodontal disease (PD) patients and to explore the possible PBDNA transport pathways from mouth to joints.

Methods: This cross-sectional prolective study involved 19 subjects with RA and PD. Informed consent, health and dental questionnaires were obtained.

Distribution of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus in saliva of Mexican preschool caries-free and caries-active children by microbial and molecular (PCR) assays.

The aim of the study was to investigate the distribution of mutans streptococci (MS) infection of caries-free (CF) and caries-active (CA) preschool Mexican children by microbial and molecular assays. Eighty preschool children were divided into two groups, 40 CF and 40 CA children. Saliva samples were inoculated onto MSB to identify CFU and DNA extractions were tested by PCR.