Evaluation of New Potential Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice, is associated with an increase in mortality and morbidity due to its high potential to cause stroke and systemic thromboembolism. Inflammatory mechanisms may play a role in the pathogenesis of AF and its maintenance. We aimed to evaluate a range of inflammatory markers as potentially involved in the pathophysiology of individuals with nonvalvular AF (NVAF).

Anticoagulant and antiplatelet activity of aqueous extracts of Citrus sinensis and Lippia alba : interactions and potential for the development of antithrombotics.

Citrus sinensis and Lippia alba are herbal medicines widely used in the form of tea (infusion, decoction), which ethanolic extracts have already shown great anticoagulant activity in vitro . For this reason, they seem to be excellent candidates for the development of new antithrombotics and also have the potential to interact with them. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of aqueous extracts in blood coagulation and platelet aggregation, in addition to analysing the micromolecular composition of these species.

Antithrombotic potential of Lippia alba: A mechanistic approach.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.

Evaluation of serum haptoglobin levels and Hp1-Hp2 polymorphism in the haptoglobin gene in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an arrhythmia that involves structural and electrophysiological abnormalities. Many of the AF-related clinical conditions are associated with an increase in inflammatory and oxidative factors. Haptoglobin (Hp) is an acute phase protein whose biological role is to promote clearance of free hemoglobin (Hb).

Hemostatic changes in patients undergoing hemodialysis: Differences between central venous catheters and arterio-venous fistulas.

Background: Failure to mature the fistula in patients undergoing hemodialysis leads to prolonged use of the central venous catheter (CVC) and can compromise the patency of the catheter and the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) due to thrombus development.

Objective: To evaluate hemostatic changes in patients undergoing hemodialysis with prolonged use of CVC or AVF.

Method: Cross-sectional study with a total of 200 adult participants who were divided into the following groups: I:control; II: patients who had 5-8 months of CVC insertion; III: patients who had 9-36 months of insertion; IV patients who had 5-8 months of AVF; and V: patients who had 9-36 months of AVF.

Anti-inflammatory, ulcerogenic and platelet activation evaluation of novel 1,4-diaryl-1,2,3-triazole neolignan-celecoxib hybrids.

This study reports the synthesis of novel neolignans-celecoxib hybrids and the evaluation of their biological activity. Analogs8-13(L13-L18) exhibited anti-inflammatory activity, inhibited glycoprotein expression (P-selectin) related to platelet activation, and were considered non- ulcerogenic in the animal model, even with the administration of 10 times higher than the dose used in reference therapy. In silico drug-likeness showed that the analogs are compliant with Lipinski's rule of five.

Thrombin Generation Assay and Hemostatic Profile for Elucidating Hypercoagulability in Endogenous Canine Hyperadrenocorticism.

Canine hyperadrenocorticism is a common endocrine disorder caused by chronic secretion of glucocorticoid, often associated with hypercoagulability and secondary thrombosis. The thrombin generation assay (TGA) evaluates hemostasis globally by measuring endogenous thrombin potential. We aimed to determine whether TGA is suitable for assessing hypercoagulability in dogs with endogenous hyperadrenocorticism (HAC), and to correlate TGA with coagulation markers including fibrinogen, antithrombin (AT), D-dimer, prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and with routine laboratory tests for elucidating prothrombotic mechanisms and evaluating their utility as hypercoagulability screening tests.

Thrombin generation in vivo and ex vivo in sickle cell disease patients.

Activation of coagulation is an important hallmark of sickle cell disease (SCD) and it is believed that hypercoagulability plays a role to the disease pathophysiology. Studies have sought to identify how hemostatic biomarkers are expressed in SCD, however, the results are inconclusive. In this context, our objective was to evaluate the thrombin generation in vivo and ex vivo in SCD patients and the association between these biomarkers and the use of HU.

Comparison of Inflammatory Mediators in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Using Warfarin or Rivaroxaban.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia associated with high risk of venous thromboembolism. Inflammatory mechanisms may be involved in the pathophysiology of AF and in the AF-related thrombogenesis, and patients with AF might benefit from the use of anticoagulants with anti-inflammatory properties. However, the evidence is still scarce, and it points out the need of trials seeking to investigate the levels of inflammatory mediators in patients with AF under different anticoagulant therapies.

Thrombin Generation and other hemostatic parameters in patients with atrial fibrillation in use of warfarin or rivaroxaban.

Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) present hyperactivation of both platelets and coagulation leading to a hypercoagulable state which contributes to an increased risk of thromboembolism. Therefore, one of the main strategies for treatment of AF is prevention of these events through the use of oral anticoagulants (OAC). The aim of this study was to evaluate hemostasis as a whole in patients with non-valvular AF undergoing warfarin or rivaroxaban by thrombin generation test (TGT), in addition to monocyte-platelet aggregates (MPA), glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa), and platelet (PMP) and endothelium (EMP) microparticles, compared to age and sex matched controls.

Inflammatory and Infectious Processes Serve as Links between Atrial Fibrillation and Alzheimer's Disease.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most prevalent forms of arrhythmia that carries an increased risk of stroke which, in turn, is strongly associated with cognitive decline. The majority of dementia cases are caused by Alzheimer's disease (AD) with obscure pathogenesis. While the exact mechanisms are unknown, the role of inflammatory processes and infectious agents have recently been implicated in both AD and AF, suggesting a common link between these maladies.

In Vitro Anticoagulant Activity of Mikania laevigata: Deepening the Study of the Possible Interaction Between Guaco and Anticoagulants.

Mikania laevigata, popularly known in Brazil as guaco, is widely used for respiratory disorders. As this plant is rich in coumarins, there is evidence of indications that it may cause bleeding and therefore should not be used concomitantly with anticoagulants. The basis of this information is very theoretical, with no clinical evidence of such contraindication.

Thrombin generation test with the calibrated automated thrombogram and anticoagulant activity of Mentha crispa.

: Evaluate the in-vitro effect of Mentha crispa extract on blood coagulation, compare the conventional coagulometric tests with thrombin generation test (TGT), and study the qualitative micromolecular composition of M. crispa. Extract of M.

Effect of the expression of CD62P and thrombin generation on patients using central venous catheters for hemodialysis.

The formation of thrombi in medical devices that come into contact with blood is a common cause of increased morbidity and mortality. Prolonged use of central venous catheters (CVCs) may cause high infection rates or compromise CVC patency due to thrombus development. In this study, we sought insights into possible changes in the hemostatic system during prolonged use of inserted CVCs for hemodialysis by assessing platelets by CD62P and CD41a expression and the potential for thrombin generation (TG).

Hemostatic Abnormalities in Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is considered the most frequent cause of dementia. It is known that vascular risk factors play an important role in the development and progression of this condition. Alterations in vascular walls represent documented findings in patients with AD and other dementias affecting elderly people.

Standardization and evaluation of the performance of the thrombin generation test under hypo- and hypercoagulability conditions.

Background: In order to standardize a thrombin generation() protocol, we analyzed the analytical variables and sensitivity of this test to hypo/hypercoagulability states.

Methods: The effect of the tissue factor concentration and the intra- and interassay precision were analyzed. To evaluate the hypercoagulability status, the plasma of women under an oral contraceptive was tested, while plasma from hemophilia A patients at 1, 3 and 7 days after recombinant FVIII infusion, and lyophilized plasma deficient in FVII or FVIII were used for the evaluation of hypocoagulability.

Thrombin generation test for evaluating hemostatic effects of Brazilian snake venoms.

Snake venoms as well as their components have been tested worldwide to find new molecules for prophylaxis and treatment of several pathologies or even for diagnostic purposes. It is widely known that snake venoms contain enzymes and non-enzymatic proteins that interfere with hemostasis leading to hemorrhage or even thrombosis. The treatment of snake envenoming and the development of new drugs.

Haptoglobin levels, but not Hp1-Hp2 polymorphism, are associated with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Purpose: Proteomic studies suggest an association between haptoglobin (Hp) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hp is a classic inflammatory marker and binds to the intravascular hemoglobin, avoiding the oxidative damages that can be caused by free hemoglobin. Inflammation and oxidative stress are important in the pathogenesis of the PCOS, one of the most frequent metabolic diseases in women.

Thrombin generation assays for global evaluation of the hemostatic system: perspectives and limitations.

The existing techniques to evaluate hemostasis in clinical laboratories are not sensitive enough to detect hypercoagulable and mild hypocoagulable states. Under different experimental conditions, the thrombin generation test may meet these requirements. This technique evaluates the overall balance between procoagulant and anticoagulant forces and has provided new insights in our understanding of the coagulation cascade, as well as of the diagnosis of hypocoagulability and hypercoagulability conditions.

Cytokines profile and its correlation with endothelial damage and oxidative stress in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and nephropathy.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between the presence of albuminuria and cytokines profile with biomarkers of endothelial damage and oxidative stress in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). The sample was composed by 35 healthy individuals, 63 DM1 patients with normoalbuminuria (<30 mg of albumin/g of creatinine) and 62 DM1 patients with micro- and macroalbuminuria (≥30 mg of albumin/g of creatinine). Plasma and urinary cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10) and thrombomodulin levels were determined by ELISA.

Effect of acetylsalicylic acid on platelet activation and oxidative profile in a set of Brazilian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is a metabolic disorder associated with hyperactivation of platelets, increased formation of platelet microparticles (PMPs) and oxidative stress that are related to cardiovascular complications. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is an antiplatelet agent used in the prevention of atherothrombosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ASA by means of platelet activation and oxidative profile.

Acetylsalicylic acid therapy: influence of metformin use and other variables on urinary 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 levels.

Background: The effect of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) may be measured through the analysis of urinary concentrations of 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 (11-dhTXB2), a metabolite of thromboxane A2, which is a potent platelet aggregant agent. It has been suggested that metformin (an oral antidiabetic drug) could improve oxidative stress and control platelet activation in type 2 diabetic patients, potentially reducing cardiovascular risk. We determined the concentrations of urinary 11-dhTXB2 in type 2 diabetic patients taking ASA and its concentrations with metformin use and several other clinical variables (hypertension, age, gender, smoking, body mass index, insulin and statin use), considering a reduction of at least 75% in the concentrations of this marker as a target, compared to results before ASA intake.