Comparative analysis of PFASs concentrations in fur, muscle, and liver of wild roe deer as biomonitoring matrices.

Background: Recently, environmental pollution has become a significant concern for human, animal, and environmental health, fitting within the "One Health" framework. Among the various environmental contaminants, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have gathered substantial attention due to their persistence, bioaccumulation, and adverse health effects. This study aimed to compare the levels of 12 PFASs in the fur, liver, and muscle of wild roe deer to evaluate the feasibility of using fur as a non-invasive biomonitoring matrix.

Green HPLC Enantioseparation of Chemopreventive Chiral Isothiocyanates Homologs on an Immobilized Chiral Stationary Phase Based on Amylose tris-[()-α-Methylbenzylcarbamate].

Sulforaphane is a chiral phytochemical with chemopreventive properties. The presence of a stereogenic sulfur atom is responsible for the chirality of the natural isothiocyanate. The key role of sulfur chirality in biological activity is underscored by studies of the efficacy of individual enantiomers as chemoprotective agents.

Evaluation of the Difference in the Content of Essential and Non-Essential Elements in Wild Boar and Swine Tissues Sampled in the Same Area of Northern Italy.

This study aimed to investigate the exposure of wild boars and swine from semi-extensive farms in the same area to essential and non-essential elements, measuring their concentration in liver and muscle. Furthermore, the study explored the influence of factors such as sex, age, and the sampling location on wild boars. Higher liver element concentrations were observed in both wild boars and swine.

Portable NIR spectroscopy: the route to green analytical chemistry.

There is a growing interest for cost-effective and nondestructive analytical techniques in both research and application fields. The growing approach by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRs) pushes to develop handheld devices devoted to be easily applied for determinations. Consequently, portable NIR spectrometers actually result definitively recognized as powerful instruments, able to perform nondestructive, online, or analyses, and useful tools characterized by increasingly smaller size, lower cost, higher robustness, easy-to-use by operator, portable and with ergonomic profile.

Insight into the photolytic degradation products of Rosuvastatin: Full chiral and structural elucidation and conversion kinetics by a combined chromatographic, spectroscopic and theoretical approach.

Rosuvastatin (RSV) is a well-established lipid-lowering drug. RSV is susceptible to degradation under various stress conditions and forms two cyclic derivatives by a radical-mediated photolytic mechanism. On a structural basis, these epimeric compounds (reported as FP-B in the European Pharmacopeia monograph Rosuvastatin tablets) retain the configuration of the stereogenic carbons of RSV (3R,5S) and have opposite absolute configurations at the third stereogenic center.

Novel terephthalamide diol monomers synthesis from PET waste to Poly(Urethane acrylates).

Due to its excellent properties, poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is one of the most produced and consumed polymers. Among plastics, it represents the main contributor to environmental pollution. Following the circular economy model, the chemical upcycling of PET reduces the amount of waste generated and transforms it into high-value products.

Phytochemical Characterization of Malt Spent Grain by Tandem Mass Spectrometry also Coupled with Liquid Chromatography: Bioactive Compounds from Brewery By-Products.

Background: Brewer's spent grain (BSG) is one of the main by-products of beer industry, little used because of its high moisture making it difficult to transport and store. Mainly used as animal feed and for energy production, the agro-industrial waste have recently attracted attention as source of bioactive compounds, with potential applications in many sectors as food, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food packaging. The present work focuses on BSG as potential source of valuable small-size bioactive compounds.

Hemorheological profiles and chronic inflammation markers in transfusion-dependent and non-transfusion- dependent thalassemia.

The rheological properties of blood play an important role in regulating blood flow in micro and macro circulation. In thalassemia syndromes red blood cells exhibit altered hemodynamic properties that facilitate microcirculatory diseases: increased aggregation and reduced deformability, as well as a marked increase in adherence to the vascular endothelial cells. A personalized approach to treating thalassemia patients (transfusions, iron chelation, and splenectomy), has increased patients' life expectancy, however they generally present many complications and several studies have demonstrated the presence of high incidence of thromboembolic events.

Microencapsulation by a Spray Drying Approach to Produce Innovative Probiotics-Based Products Extending the Shelf-Life in Non-Refrigerated Conditions.

Recently, there has been a growing interest in producing functional foods containing encapsulated probiotic bacteria due to their positive effects on human health. According to their perceived health benefits, probiotics have been incorporated into a range of dairy products, but the current major challenge is to market new, multicomponent probiotic foods and supplements. Nevertheless, only a few products containing encapsulated probiotic cells can be found as non-refrigerated products.

On-Line Thermally Induced Evolved Gas Analysis: An Update-Part 2: EGA-FTIR.

The on-line thermally induced evolved gas analysis (OLTI-EGA) is widely applied in many different fields. Aimed to update the applications, our group has systematically collected and published examples of EGA characterizations. Following the recently published review on EGA-MS applications, this second part reviews the latest applications of Evolved Gas Analysis performed by on-line coupling heating devices to infrared spectrometers (EGA-FTIR).

On-Line Thermally Induced Evolved Gas Analysis: An Update-Part 1: EGA-MS.

Advances in on-line thermally induced evolved gas analysis (OLTI-EGA) have been systematically reported by our group to update their applications in several different fields and to provide useful starting references. The importance of an accurate interpretation of the thermally-induced reaction mechanism which involves the formation of gaseous species is necessary to obtain the characterization of the evolved products. In this review, applications of Evolved Gas Analysis (EGA) performed by on-line coupling heating devices to mass spectrometry (EGA-MS), are reported.

Synthesis, Structural, Morphological and Thermal Characterization of Five Different Silica-Polyethylene Glycol-Chlorogenic Acid Hybrid Materials.

The present study investigated the structure, morphology, thermal behavior, and bacterial growth analysis of novel three-component hybrid materials synthesized by the sol-gel method. The inorganic silica matrix was weakly bonded to the network of two organic components: a well-known polymer such as polyethylene glycol (PEG, average molar mass of about 4000 g/mol), and an antioxidant constituted by chlorogenic acid (CGA). In particular, a first series was made by a 50 wt% PEG-based (CGA-free) silica hybrid along with two 50 wt% PEG-based hybrids containing 10 and 20 wt% of CGA (denoted as SP50, SP50C10 and SP50C20, respectively).

Application of Innovative TGA/Chemometric Approach for Forensic Purposes: The Estimation of the Time since Death in Contaminated Specimens.

Chronothanatology has always been a challenge in forensic sciences. Therefore, the importance of a multidisciplinary approach for the characterization of matrices (organs, tissues, or fluids) that respond linearly to the postmortem interval (PMI) is emerging increasingly. The vitreous humor is particularly suitable for studies aimed at assessing time-related modifications because it is topographically isolated and well-protected.

Assessing the Quality of Milk Using a Multicomponent Analytical Platform MicroNIR/Chemometric.

In this work, an innovative screening platform based on MicroNIR and chemometrics is proposed for the on-site and contactless monitoring of the quality of milk using simultaneous multicomponent analysis. The novelty of this completely automated tool consists of a miniaturized NIR spectrometer operating in a wireless mode that allows samples to be processed in a rapid and accurate way and to obtain in a single click a comprehensive characterization of the chemical composition of milk. To optimize the platform, milk specimens with different origins and compositions were considered and prediction models were developed by chemometric analysis of the NIR spectra using Partial Least Square regression algorithms.

Development of a "single-click" analytical platform for the detection of cannabinoids in hemp seed oil.

In this work, an innovative screening platform is developed and validated for the on site detection of cannabinoids in hemp seed oil, for food safety control of commercial products. The novelty of this completely automated tool consists of a miniaturized NIR spectrometer operating in a wireless mode that permits processing samples in a rapid and accurate way and to obtain in a single click the early detection of a residual amount of cannabinoids in oil, including cannabidiol (CBD), the psychoactive Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and the Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA). Simulated samples were realized to instruct the platform and prediction models were developed by chemometric analysis of the NIR spectra using partial least square regression algorithms.

TGA/Chemometrics addressing innovative preparation strategies for functionalized carbon nanotubes.

In this work, functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using two polyamine polymers, polyethyleneimine (PEI) and polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM), were investigated by thermal analysis in order to address preparation strategies to obtain low cytotoxic compounds with the ability to conjugate microRNAs and, at the same time, to transfect efficiently endothelial cells. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was coupled to chemometrics as a novel analytical strategy to characterize functionalized CNTs from different preparation conditions. In particular, two starting materials were considered: very small CNTs and carboxylated CNTs (CNT-COOH) in order to examine the affinity with polymers.

Innovative screening test for the early detection of sickle cell anemia.

In this study, the capability of thermogravimetry in conjuction with a multivariate statistical analysis, was investigated for the screening of Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA), a hereditary disorder of hemoglobin characterized by severe hemolytic anemia with different severe clinical manifestations. SCA results from a mutation in the sixth codon of the beta globin gene, which results in the substitution of glutamic acid for valine and leads to the production of an altered form of hemoglobin, hemoglobin S (HbS). People with this disorder have atypical hemoglobin molecules which tend to aggregate together and form filaments inside the red blood cells.

An Innovative Multilevel Test for Hemoglobinopathies: TGA/Chemometrics Simultaneously Identifies and Classifies Sickle Cell Disease From Thalassemia.

Hemoglobinopathies are the most common genetic disorder wordlwide and because of migrations are become an emerging global health problem. Screening programmes for Sickle cell disease and Thalassemia have been implemented in some countries, but are not a common practice, due to a lack in the accuracy of the methods and to the costs of the analyses. The objective of this study was the application of the thermogravimetry coupled to chemometrics as new screening method to perform an early diagnosis of thalassemia and sickle cell disease.

Differential diagnosis of hereditary hemolytic anemias in a single multiscreening test by TGA/chemometrics.

A multi-screening test based on the coupling of thermogravimetry and chemometrics was optimized for the differential diagnosis of hereditary hemolytic anemias. The novel test is able to simultaneously perform a simple and fast diagnosis of sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, hereditary spherocytosis and hereditary elliptocytosis in a single analysis of a few microliters of non-pretreated whole blood. The thermogravimetric profile of blood from patients affected by such disorders was found to be characteristic of a specific anemic status or a disorder due to membrane defects.

Development of a novel test for the identification of hereditary erythrocyte membrane defects by TGA/Chemometrics.

Systematic screening for congenital erythrocyte disorders is not a common practice, due to a lack in the accuracy of the methods and to the costs of the analyses. As a consequence, the diagnosis is usually made when a severe complication occurs. This study introduces an innovative method to perform the screening of a hereditary disease characterized by erythrocyte membrane defects such as hereditary spherocytosis (HS) and hereditary elliptocytosis (HE).

Protein Extraction, Enrichment and MALDI MS and MS/MS Analysis from Bitter Orange Leaves ( ).

is a widespread tree in the Mediterranean area, and it is mainly used as rootstock for other citrus. In the present study, a vacuum infiltration centrifugation procedure, followed by solid phase extraction matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization tandem mass spectrometry (SPE MALDI MS/MS) analysis, was adopted to isolate proteins from leaves. The results of mass spectrometry (MS) profiling, combined with the top-down proteomics approach, allowed the identification of 78 proteins.

Pregnancy in Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease: The Experience of an Italian Thalassemia Center.

The life expectancy of thalassemia patients has increased significantly in recent years being the most "elderly" patients approaching or are over 50 years old. Consequently, patients' perspectives have changed, leading them to longer-term planning with a consequent increase in their reproductive potential and desire to have children. Crucial points in the management of pregnancy in thalassemia are the iron chelation therapy before and during pregnancy, the antithrombotic prophylaxis, the management of transfusion therapy according to the modified transfusion requirement, a cardiologic monitoring for hemodynamic changes that expose an increased risk of heart failure.

HCV Infection in Thalassemia Syndromes and Hemoglobinopathies: New Perspectives.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the most serious complications of transfusion therapy in the thalassemia and sickle cell disease (SCD) population before 1990; in fact, since 1990 serological tests were made available to detect infection in blood donors. The iron chelation therapy has improved the life expectancy of these patients and, consequently, a decrease in death due to heart disease may be observed, as well as an increase in liver disease due to the iron overload and HCV infection that lead to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Until few years ago, the recommended therapy for HCV treatment consisted of pegylated-interferon alpha plus ribavirin, a therapy with important side effects.