Zinc oxide nanoparticles prevent the onset of diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting multiple pathways associated with oxidative stress.

Background: Zinc deficiency is strongly correlated with prolonged diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy (DN). Previously, glucose-lowering, insulinomimetic, and β-cell proliferative activities of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZON) have been reported. Considering these pleiotropic effects, we hypothesized that ZON modulates multiple cellular pathways associated with necroptosis, inflammation, and renal fibrosis, which are involved in progressive loss of renal function.

Hyperthermia and doxorubicin release by Fol-LSMO nanoparticles induce apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer cells.

Studies on the anticancer effects of lanthanum strontium manganese oxide (LSMO) nanoparticles (NPs)-mediated hyperthermia at cellular and molecular levels are scarce. LSMO NPs conjugated with folic acid (Fol-LSMO NPs) were synthesized, followed by doxorubicin-loading (DoxFol-LSMO NPs), and their effects on breast cancer cells were investigated. Hyperthermia (45°C) and combination treatments exhibited the highest (∼95%) anticancer activity with increased oxidative stress.

Differential dose-dependent effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on oxidative stress-mediated pancreatic β-cell death.

Aim: To study the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZON) on oxidative stress-mediated pancreatic β-cell death.

Methods: Cellular uptake of ZON, effects on antioxidant factors and apoptosis were studied.

Results: ZON get internalized by endocytosis and increase intracellular zinc ion levels.

In vitro studies on the pleotropic antidiabetic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles.

Aim: Our earlier study demonstrated antidiabetic activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZON) in diabetic rats. The present study was performed to elucidate its mechanism of antidiabetic action.

Methods: Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, protein kinase B and hormone sensitive lipase phosphorylation; glucose transporter 4 translocation and glucose uptake; glucose 6 phosphatase, phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase and glucokinase expression; and pancreatic beta cell proliferation were evaluated after ZON treatment to cells.

Hyperthermia mediated by dextran-coated La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 nanoparticles: in vivo studies.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate radiofrequency-induced dextran-coated lanthanum strontium manganese oxide nanoparticles-mediated hyperthermia to be used for tumor regression in mice.

Materials And Methods: Nanoparticles were injected intra-tumorally in melanoma-bearing C57BL/6J mice and were subjected to radiofrequency treatment.

Results: Hyperthermia treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth (~84%), increased survival (~50%), and reduced tumor proliferation in mice.

Jasada bhasma, a Zinc-Based Ayurvedic Preparation: Contemporary Evidence of Antidiabetic Activity Inspires Development of a Nanomedicine.

The roles of metals in human physiology are well established. It is also known that many metals are required in trace amounts for normal metabolism and their deficiency leads to diseases. In Ayurveda, metal-based preparations, that is, bhasmas, are indicated for the treatment of several diseases.

Temperature-dependent and time-dependent effects of hyperthermia mediated by dextran-coated La0.7Sr0.3MnO3: in vitro studies.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of dextran-coated (Dex) La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) nanoparticles-mediated hyperthermia at different temperatures (43°C, 45°C, and 47°C) based on cell killing potential and induction of heat shock proteins in a murine melanoma cell (B16F1) line.

Effect of combination treatment of S-amlodipine with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists on metabolic and cardiovascular parameters in Zucker fa/fa rats.

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance associated with dyslipidemia and hypertension. The available drugs are not sufficiently efficacious in reducing cardiovascular risk and restoring normal glucose metabolism associated with type 2 diabetes as a mono- or a combination therapy. The present study examined the combined effects of an antihypertensive (S-Amlodipine) and an insulin-sensitizing agent, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists (Pioglitazone and Ragaglitazar), on cardiovascular risk factors in aged diabetic and insulin-resistant Zucker fa/fa rats.

Anti-diabetic activity and safety assessment of Ayurvedic medicine, Jasada bhasma (zinc ash) in rats.

Jasada bhasma (zinc ash) is an extensively used Ayurvedic medicine for treating diabetes mellitus. The present communication presents yet unavailable comprehensive scientific data on its physico-chemical nature vis-a-vis anti-diabetic activity and toxicity profile.Zinc ash prepared by traditional method was found to consist of 200-500 nm sized particles, predominantly zinc oxide with hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles show antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin-induced Type 1 and 2 diabetic rats.

Aim: The correlation of diabetes and an imbalance in zinc homeostasis makes zinc-based therapy an attractive proposition. In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles were evaluated for antidiabetic effects and safety.

Materials & Methods: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (1, 3 and 10 mg/kg) were tested for antidiabetic activity in streptozotocin-induced Type 1 and 2 diabetic rats.

Ayurvedic medicine zinc bhasma: physicochemical evaluation, anti-diabetic activity and safety assessment.

Bhasmas are unique Ayurvedic metallic preparations used for medicinal purposes since ancient times. With increasing knowledge of risk of nanomaterials, it becomes imperative to assess the safety of nanoparticulate Ayurvedic medicines using toxicity models. In this study, zinc bhasma was characterized using modern physicochemical techniques.