Anatomical Basis of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: A Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Repeated obstruction and closure of the upper airway, sporadic hypoxic episodes, and sympathetic activity are symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Obstructive sleep apnoea is due to a combination of altered upper airway structure and muscular function, a low arousal threshold and increased loop gain. Although recurrent upper airway (UA) collapse during sleep is the most frequent clinical hallmark of OSA, the exact cause of this collapse is unknown.

Nintedanib-induced osteomyelitis of the jaw against the background of COVID-19 infection.

Purpose: Various medications are administered to treat Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and prevent its complications. Some medicines have complications and long-term effects, which may mimic other conditions, making precise diagnosis difficult. This report aims to bring to light one such complication, medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), secondary to a commonly prescribed medication for preventing lung fibrosis post-COVID-19 infection.

Oral Cancer Prediction Using a Probability Neural Network (PNN).

Objective: In India, usually, oral cancer is mostly identified at a progressive stage of malignancy. Hence, we are motivated to identify oral cancer in its early stages, which helps to increase the lifetime of the patient, but this early detection is also more challenging.

Methods: The proposed research work uses a probabilistic neural network (PNN) for the prediction of oral malignancy.

Aortic Pseudoaneurysm as an Unusual Cause of Vocal Palsy.

The recurrent laryngeal nerve travels a variable course on either side due to the differences in the structures related during development. The nerve is at risk of injury due to a number of pathologies in any of these structures. We came across a very rare pathology causing vocal palsy in a 62-year-old male with hoarseness of voice.

Albumin Nanoparticles Surface Decorated with a Tumor-Homing Peptide Help in Selective Killing of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells.

In this article, we describe a method of delivery of doxorubicin using a novel tumor-homing peptide-based albumin nanoparticle system to triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBC). The absence and reduced expression of the hormone (estrogen, progesterone) and HER2 (human epidermal growth factor 2) receptors, respectively, render TNBC patients nonsusceptible to different available targeted therapies. These peptide-modified nanoparticles could be taken up by TNBC cells more effectively than their bare counterparts.

CD44-SNA1 integrated cytopathology for delineation of high grade dysplastic and neoplastic oral lesions.

The high prevalence of oral potentially-malignant disorders exhibits diverse severity and risk of malignant transformation, which mandates a Point-of-Care diagnostic tool. Low patient compliance for biopsies underscores the need for minimally-invasive diagnosis. Oral cytology, an apt method, is not clinically applicable due to a lack of definitive diagnostic criteria and subjective interpretation.

Preparation of Soft Embalmed Cadavers by the Modified Thiel Embalming Technique for Surgical Skill Training and Development of a Universal Quantitative Scoring System to Assess the Suitability of Soft Embalmed Cadavers for Such Training Purposes.

Background Cadaver dissection plays an important role in learning anatomy. A surgeon must have a thorough knowledge of anatomy of the operating region to perform safe surgery. Skill laboratories give opportunities to surgeons to practice on cadavers before venturing onto real patients.

The Comparative Analysis of Buccal Exfoliated Cells in the Pediatric and Adolescent Age Groups Among the Dravidian Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction Adolescence is a distinct stage of development marked by a variety of physiological, behavioral, hormonal, and cellular changes. Objective The objective of this study is to assess the cytomorphometry of buccal exfoliated cells in the age groups 1-10 and 11-19 and detect any changes in their buccal exfoliated cells during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Materials and methods Buccal smears were collected from 60 patients of age groups 1-10 (n=30) and 11-19 (n=30).

Awareness on passive smoking among Indian adults.

Around one-third of adults worldwide regularly come into contact with passive smoking. In addition to many other health issues, non-smokers who are exposed to passive smoking at home or at work have a 20-30% higher risk of acquiring lung cancer. The current study set out to determine adult smokers' awareness of the hazards of passive smoking as well as the efficacy of an education campaign in raising that awareness.

Identification of potential circadian genes and associated pathways in colorectal cancer progression and prognosis using microarray gene expression analysis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is third cancer causing death in the world. CRC is associated with disrupting the circadian rhythm (CR), closely associating the CRC progression and the dysregulation of genes involved in the biological clock. In this study, we aimed to understand the circadian rhythm changes in patients diagnosed with CRC.

Cell cycle arrest and apoptotic studies of against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line: an and approach.

Breast cancer is a leading cause of mortality in women, and alternative therapies with fewer side effects are actively being explored. Breast cancer is a significant global health concern, and conventional treatments like radiotherapy and chemotherapy often have side effects. Medicinal plant extracts offer a promising avenue for the development of effective and safe anticancer therapies.

Effect of β-sitosterol on insulin resistance & protein expression of insulin signalling molecules in quadriceps muscle of high fat diet-induced type-2 diabetic rats.

Changes in life style, such as high-calorie diet intake and lack of exercise, have increased the global prevalence of obesity and diabetes. The major pathophysiological event contributing to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus is the target tissues to insulin action. Currently available drugs are unsuccessful for the treatment of type 2 diabetes due to their unwanted side effects.

Stearyl palmitate a multi-target inhibitor against breast cancer: in-silico, in-vitro & in-vivo approach.

Multi-target inhibitors are currently trending in the pharmaceutical research, as they possess increased efficacy and reduced toxicity. In this study multi-target inhibitors for breast cancer are explored from a curated list of natural products, i.e.

Lipid and renal profile in assessing the severity of alcoholic liver disease.

Lipid and Renal dysfunction in Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) patients occurs either due to multi-organ involvement or secondary to alcoholism. This study was conducted to evaluate the role of lipid and renal parameters in assessing the severity of progression of ALD. Sixty cases of ALD (two groups based on compensated and decompensated features) and thirty healthy controls for comparison were included.

Prevalence of hs-CRP among Indians with hypertension.

The prevalence of hypertension in the early twentieth century varied in India, ranging from 2-15% in Urban India and 2-8% in Rural India. In the inter heart and inter stroke study, hypertension accounted for 17.9% and 34.

"Bronchogenic cyst impersonating a pericardial lesion": A case report.

A 32-year-old female presented with palpitations and chest discomfort. The patient had a history of pericardiotomy due to pericardial effusion. Multimodal imaging, including echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), and coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) showed a single mass in the pericardium as the cause of the symptoms.

Sinonasal and Orbital Imaging Findings in COVID-Associated Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis During the Second Wave of COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study in a Tertiary Hospital in Central India.

Background Mucormycosis is a consequence of the angioinvasive disease caused by filamentous fungi that belong to the order Mucorales, particularly , , and . is the most prevalent form. The invading hyphae lead to damage of blood vessels leading to thrombosis and consequent tissue necrosis.

The Management of Infected Oroantral Fistula After Maxillary Third Molar Removal: A Case Report.

Oroantral communication is an unnatural communication of the maxillary sinus with the oral cavity, often resulting from dental extractions, infection, trauma, or excision of cysts or tumors. Pathological epithelialization of oroantral communication leads to oroantral fistula. Various techniques have been proposed for surgical closure.

Evaluation of PRF and PLA-PGA Membrane Along with Hydroxyapatite Crystal Collagen Fibers Bone Graft in the Treatment of Infrabony Defects.

Aim: The present study was carried out to compare the effectiveness of leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) membrane and polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid (PLA-PGA) membrane along with hydroxyapatite crystal collagen fibers bone graft in the treatment of human infrabony defects using cone beam computed tomography.

Materials And Methods: A total of 28 systemically healthy patients was chosen which were found appropriate after initial therapy. Each group comprises of 14 defects, according to randomized parallel design.

Morphological, molecular, and pathological studies on in Indian peacocks ().

This report provides the first record of infection in Indian peafowl. Chickens, turkeys, geese, ducks, and other pet birds are recognized as direct hosts of species; however, has not been reported to infect peafowl globally. Here, we identify the trematode present in the bursa of the peafowl by both morphological and molecular methods, in addition to the changes in the bursal tissue induced by the parasite, using histopathology.

Production of nisin from in acid-whey with nutrient supplementation.

The production of Nisin, an FDA-approved food preservative, was attempted by subsp. ATCC® 11454 using the underutilized milk industry effluent, acid-whey, as a substrate. Nisin production was further improved by studying the effect of supplementation of nutrients and non-nutritional parameters.

Synthetic Strategies of N-Heterocyclic Olefin (NHOs) and Their Recent Application of Organocatalytic Reactions and Beyond.

N-heterocyclic olefin (NHO) derivatives have an electron-rich as well as highly polarized carabon-carbon (C=C) double bond because of the electron-donating nature of nitrogen and sulphur atoms. While NHOs have been developing as novel organocatalysts and ligands for transition-metal complexes in various organic compound syntheses, different research groups are currently interested in preparing imidazole and triazolium-based chiral NHO catalysts. Some of them have been used for enantioselective organic transformations, but were still elusive.

Identification of CXCR4 inhibitors as a key therapeutic small molecule in renal fibrosis.

The final stage of almost all chronic kidney diseases is renal fibrosis. Simple wounds or persistent inflammation can cause tissue inflammation, which, in the case of the kidney, results in scarring. Vascular sclerosis, tubulointerstitial fibrosis and glomerular fibrosis are all types of kidney fibrosis.

Immediate effect of craniocervical flexion exercise and Mulligan mobilisation in patients with mechanical neck pain - A randomised clinical trial.

Background: Mechanical neck pain (MNP) is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal pathologies in the present time. Physiotherapy management strategies comprising manual therapy and exercise therapy are routinely administered in patients with MNP.

Objective: To compare the immediate effect of craniocervical flexion (CCF) exercise and Mulligan mobilisation on pain, active cervical range of motion (CROM) and CCF test performance in patients with MNP.