Game-Based eHealth Interventions for the Reduction of Fatigue in People With Chronic Diseases: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Fatigue is a common and debilitating side effect of chronic diseases, significantly impacting patients' quality of life. While physical exercise and psychological treatments have been shown to reduce fatigue, patients often struggle with adherence to these interventions in clinical practice. Game-based eHealth interventions are believed to address adherence issues by making the intervention more accessible and engaging.

Thyroid hormone levels in children with Prader-Willi syndrome: a randomized controlled growth hormone trial and 10-year growth hormone study.

Context: Several endocrine abnormalities were reported in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), including hypothyroidism. Growth hormone (GH) treatment may impact the thyroid hormone axis by direct inhibition of T4 or TSH secretion or by increased peripheral conversion of free T4 (FT4) to T3.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate thyroid function during GH treatment in a large group of children with PWS.

[Paediatricians report an increased demand for diagnostic tests for reassurance].

Objective: Test decisions depend on the context in which health care is delivered. We interviewed paediatricians about perceived societal developments and their influence on diagnostic testing.

Design: Qualitative interview study.

Measured resting energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry and energy intake in long-term growth hormone treated children with PWS.

Introduction: Severe obesity can develop in children with PWS when food intake is not controlled. Maintenance of body weight requires an energy balance, of which energy intake and energy expenditure are important components. Previous studies described a decreased resting energy expenditure (REE) in growth hormone (GH)-untreated children with PWS.

Children with Intestinal Failure are at Risk for Psychopathology and Trauma.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the psychopathology and medical traumatic stress in children with intestinal failure (IF) and identify associated risk factors.

Methods: Two-center study, performed from September 2019 until April 2022 (partly during COVID-19 pandemic), including children (1.5-17 years) with IF, dependent on parenteral nutrition (PN) or weaned off PN, treated by a multidisciplinary IF-team.

Cognitive function during 3 years of growth hormone in previously growth hormone-treated young adults with Prader-Willi syndrome.

Context: Most patients with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) have mild to moderate cognitive impairment. Growth hormone (GH) treatment has positive short- and long-term effects on cognition in children with PWS. Few studies, however, have investigated the effects of GH on cognitive functioning in adults with PWS.

Diagnostic testing in children: A qualitative study of pediatricians' considerations.

Aims And Objectives: Studies in adult medicine have shown that physicians base testing decisions on the patient's clinical condition but also consider other factors, including local practice or patient expectations. In pediatrics, physicians and parents jointly decide on behalf of a (young) child. This might demand more explicit and more complex deliberations, with sometimes conflicting interests.

Ghrelin Levels in Children With Intestinal Failure Receiving Long-Term Parenteral Nutrition.

Background: Children with intestinal failure (IF) require parenteral nutrition (PN). Transition to oral and enteral nutrition (EN) can be difficult also due to abnormal gastrointestinal motility. The gut hormone ghrelin is increased in states of negative energy balance, functioning to preserve euglycemia, and also has appetite stimulating and prokinetic properties.

Cognitive Outcomes in Children With Conditions Affecting the Small Intestine: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess cognitive outcomes in children with intestinal failure (IF) and children at high risk of IF with conditions affecting the small intestine requiring parenteral nutrition.

Methods: EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were searched from inception to October 2020. Studies were included constituting original data on developmental quotient (DQ), intelligence quotient (IQ) and/or severe developmental delay/disability (SDD) rates assessed with standardized tests.

Anthropometrics and fat mass, but not fat-free mass, are compromised in infants requiring parenteral nutrition after neonatal intestinal surgery.

Background: Children with intestinal failure (IF) receiving long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) have altered body composition (BC), but data on BC changes from start of PN onwards are lacking.

Objectives: We aimed to assess growth and BC in infants after neonatal intestinal surgery necessitating PN and at risk of IF, and to explore associations with clinical parameters.

Methods: A prospective cohort study in infants after intestinal surgery.

Early diagnosis of coeliac disease in the Preventive Youth Health Care Centres in the Netherlands: study protocol of a case finding study (GLUTENSCREEN).

Introduction: Coeliac disease (CD) occurs in 1% of the population, develops early in life and is severely underdiagnosed. Undiagnosed and untreated disease is associated with short-term and long-term complications. The current healthcare approach is unable to solve the underdiagnosis of CD and timely diagnosis and treatment is only achieved by active case finding.

Intestinal Regulatory T Cells as Specialized Tissue-Restricted Immune Cells in Intestinal Immune Homeostasis and Disease.

FOXP3 regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are a specialized population of CD4 T cells that restrict immune activation and are essential to prevent systemic autoimmunity. In the intestine, the major function of Treg cells is to regulate inflammation as shown by a wide array of mechanistic studies in mice. While Treg cells originating from the thymus can home to the intestine, the majority of Treg cells residing in the intestine are induced from FOXP3 conventional CD4 T cells to elicit tolerogenic responses to microbiota and food antigens.

Gut microbiota and its diet-related activity in children with intestinal failure receiving long-term parenteral nutrition.

Background: This study characterized gut microbiota and its diet-related activity in children with intestinal failure (IF) receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) compared with those of healthy controls (HC) and in relation to disease characteristics.

Methods: The fecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were measured in 15 IF patients (n = 68) and 25 HC (n = 25).

Results: Patients with IF had a lower bacterial load (P = .

Pharmacological and Parenteral Nutrition-Based Interventions in Microvillus Inclusion Disease.

Microvillus inclusion disease (MVID) is a rare inherited and invariably fatal enteropathy, characterized by severe intractable secretory diarrhea and nutrient malabsorption. No cure exists, and patients typically die during infancy because of treatment-related complications. The need for alternative treatment strategies is evident.

The Role of a Nutrition Support Team in the Management of Intestinal Failure Patients.

Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a complex and specialized form of nutrition support that has revolutionized the care for both pediatric and adult patients with acute and chronic intestinal failure (IF). This has led to the development of multidisciplinary teams focused on the management of patients receiving PN: nutrition support teams (NSTs). In this review we aim to discuss the historical aspects of IF management and NST development, and the practice, composition, and effectiveness of multidisciplinary care by NSTs in patients with IF.

Assessment of the Clinical Benefit of Imaging in Children With Unilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Imaging used to determine the cause of unilateral sensorineural hearing loss (USNHL) in children is often justified by the high likelihood of detecting abnormalities, which implies that these abnormalities are associated with hearing loss and that imaging has a positive contribution to patient outcome or well-being by providing information on the prognosis, hereditary factors, or cause of hearing loss.

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic yield of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in children with isolated unexplained USNHL and investigate the clinical relevance of these findings.

Evidence Review: Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched for articles published from 1978 to 2017 on studies of children with USNHL who underwent CT and/or MRI of the temporal bone.

Body Composition Using Air Displacement Plethysmography in Children With Intestinal Failure Receiving Long-Term Home Parenteral Nutrition.

Background: Children with intestinal failure (IF) are at risk of growth failure, but little information about body composition is available. Our aim was to assess body composition using air displacement plethysmography (ADP) and relate it to clinical and growth parameters.

Methods: In this prospective descriptive observational 2-center cohort study, children aged 2-18 years receiving home parenteral nutrition (PN) for ≥6 months underwent ADP measurement.

Longitudinal Variation of Amino Acid Levels in Human Milk and Their Associations with Infant Gender.

It is discussed that specific amino acids (AAs) have functional roles in early life. Understanding the AA composition in human milk (HM) during lactation assists in specifying these roles. To this end we assessed the levels of free AAs (FAAs), total AAs (free and bound, TAAs) and protein levels in HM in the first 6 months of lactation, and evaluated possible associations with infant gender.

The Gut Microbiome in Patients with Intestinal Failure: Current Evidence and Implications for Clinical Practice.

Intestinal failure (IF) is the reduction of gut function or mass below a minimum needed to absorb nutrients and fluids, such that patients are dependent on parenteral nutrition (PN). Patients with IF have an altered gut microbiome. Our aim was to review and evaluate the current evidence on gut microbiome and its metabolic activity, as well as its association with disease characteristics in adults and children with IF.

Growth, Body Composition, and Micronutrient Abnormalities During and After Weaning Off Home Parenteral Nutrition.

Objectives: The aim of the study is to assess growth, body composition, and micronutrient abnormalities in children with intestinal failure (IF) over time, both during and after weaning off parenteral nutrition (PN).

Methods: Retrospective study in children on home PN between 2001 and 2015. Weight-for-age (WFA) and height-for-age (HFA) SD scores (SDS) were calculated, as well as fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) SDS obtained by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry.

E-Healthcare for Celiac Disease-A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the (cost-)effectiveness of online consultations in follow-up of patients with celiac disease (CD).

Study Design: Multicenter randomized, controlled trial involving 304 patients aged ≤25 years with CD for ≥1 year, randomized to an online (n = 156) or outpatient consultation (n = 148). An online consultation included questionnaires for symptom and growth measurement.

MYO5B, STX3, and STXBP2 mutations reveal a common disease mechanism that unifies a subset of congenital diarrheal disorders: A mutation update.

Microvillus inclusion disease (MVID) is a rare but fatal autosomal recessive congenital diarrheal disorder caused by MYO5B mutations. In 2013, we launched an open-access registry for MVID patients and their MYO5B mutations (www.mvid-central.

Spontaneous food allergy in Was mice occurs independent of FcεRI-mediated mast cell activation.

Background: Food allergies are a growing health problem, and the development of therapies that prevent disease onset is limited by the lack of adjuvant-free experimental animal models. We compared allergic sensitization in patients with food allergy or Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) and defined whether spontaneous disease in Was mice recapitulates the pathology of a conventional disease model and/or human food allergy.

Methods: Comparative ImmunoCAP ISAC microarray was performed in patients with food allergy or WAS.

Biomarkers and non-invasive tests for gastrointestinal mucositis.

Gastrointestinal mucositis is a complex inflammatory reaction of the mucous membranes, a side effect of both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Currently, assessment scales are used to diagnose mucositis. However, a biomarker which would determine whether there is mucositis and thereby establish the severity objectively would be very useful.