"Guboow"-child abuse or traditional medical treatment? a case report.

The examination of children suspected of being abused poses a great challenge for forensic pathologists. The risk of misjudgment is high and can have serious consequences for the child and the family. In unclear cases, an assessment should always be carried out on an interdisciplinary basis with the involvement of the relevant disciplines such as pediatrics, dermatology, or radiology.

Anaesthetic induction with etomidate in cardiac surgery: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: Etomidate is perceived as preserving haemodynamic stability during induction of anaesthesia. It is also associated with adrenocortical dysfunction. The risk/benefit relationship is controversial.

Oral insecticidal activity of plant-associated pseudomonads.

Biocontrol pseudomonads are most known to protect plants from fungal diseases and to increase plant yield, while intriguing aspects on insecticidal activity have been discovered only recently. Here, we demonstrate that Fit toxin producing pseudomonads, in contrast to a naturally Fit-deficient strain, exhibit potent oral activity against larvae of Spodoptera littoralis, Heliothis virescens and Plutella xylostella, all major insect pests of agricultural crops. Spraying plant leaves with suspensions containing only 1000 Pseudomonas cells per ml was sufficient to kill 70-80% of Spodoptera and Heliothis larvae.

[Combined Monteggia and Galeazzi lesions of the forearm : a rare injury].

Combined forearm fractures are identified according to their location as Galeazzi, Monteggia or Essex-Lopresti injuries. The feature common to these three forms is the combination of a forearm fracture with instability of the distal or proximal radio-ulnar joint. The combination of Galeazzi and Monteggia fractures in the same extremity is an exceedingly rare occurrence.

Substituted alpha-(phenylhydrazono)phenylacetonitrile derivatives. Part 2: Synthesis and biological activity of pro-pesticides.

Pro-pesticides of alpha-(2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenylhydrazono)-4-nitrophenylacetonitrile have been prepared and tested against mite and insect pests. Variations in potency and spectrum were observed depending on the choice of cleavable pro-moiety. Cleavage of the pro-moiety was demonstrated in one case by measuring the rate of increase in the uncoupling activity using a mitochondrial preparation.

Chemistry and biology of thiamethoxam: a second generation neonicotinoid.

Thiamethoxam is the first commercial neonicotinoid insecticide from the thianicotinyl subclass. It was discovered in the course of our optimisation program on neonicotinoids started in 1985. Novel variations of the nitroimino-heterocycle of imidacloprid led to 4-nitroimino-1,3,5-oxadiazinanes exhibiting high insecticidal activity.

Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of benzophenone hydrazone derivatives with insecticidal activity.

A broad range of benzophenone hydrazone derivatives was prepared and tested against selected chewing insect pests, allowing the analysis of structure-activity relationships. Good activity was found only when the aromatic rings were substituted at the 4-positions with an halogen atom and a triflate or perhaloalkoxy group. In contrast, a number of substituents on the hydrazone part led to active compounds, the best results being achieved with acyl-type substituents.

The discovery of thiamethoxam: a second-generation neonicotinoid.

Neonicotinoids represent a novel and distinct chemical class of insecticides with remarkable chemical and biological properties. In 1985, a research programme was started in this field, in which novel nitroimino heterocycles were designed, prepared and assayed for insecticidal activity. The methodology for the synthesis of 2-nitroimino-hexahydro-1,3,5-triazines, 4-nitroimino-1,3,5-oxadiazinanes and 4-nitroimino-1,3,5-thiadiazinanes is outlined.