Pregnancy with primary hyperparathyroidism.

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in pregnancy is rare. The physiological changes that occur in pregnancy often tend to mask the symptoms of PHPT, thereby making diagnosis challenging. If left undiagnosed, PHPT can lead to significant feto-maternal morbidity, which, primarily depends on maternal serum calcium levels.

Dietary Calcium Intake and Association with Serum Calcium in Healthy Urban North Indian Adults: The Calcium-Chandigarh Urban Bone Epidemiological Study.

Introduction: Data on dietary calcium intake (DCI) from healthy North Indian adults are limited. Hence, the present study aims to assess DCI in healthy community-dwelling adults residing in an affluent North Indian city and correlate with serum biochemical parameters.

Methods: Healthy men and women were recruited from the community by door-to-door surveys.

Intricacies during pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus.

The study by Cao aimed to identify early second-trimester biomarkers that could predict gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) development using advanced proteomic techniques, such as Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Their analysis revealed 47 differentially expressed proteins in the GDM group, with retinol-binding protein 4 and angiopoietin-like 8 showing significantly elevated serum levels compared to controls. Although these findings are promising, the study is limited by its small sample size ( = 4 per group) and lacks essential details on the reproducibility and reliability of the protein quantification methods used.

Effects of stroke nurse-led acute stroke management on treatment time benchmarks, intravenous thrombolysis rates, and patient outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Multidisciplinary stroke teams, including a stroke nurse, prove effective in delivering optimal acute ischemic stroke (AIS) management. This systematic review and meta-analysis critically synthesize existing studies to assess the impact of stroke nurse involvement on treatment time benchmarks and patient outcomes.

Method: Data from various databases constituted the primary sources of literature, and the risk of bias and article quality were evaluated using relevant tools.

Association between bone microarchitecture and sarcopenia in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes.

Unlabelled: Bone microarchitecture, as assessed using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography, is adversely affected in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus having sarcopenia/sarcopenic obesity while areal bone mineral density does not differ between those with and without sarcopenia.

Purpose: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) increases the risk of sarcopenia, which independently contributes to bone fragility. We aimed to explore the association between sarcopenia/sarcopenic obesity and bone quality using second-generation high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) in T2D.

Normative Data for Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 in Healthy Children and Adolescents From India.

Background: Serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is an important biochemical tool to diagnose and monitor growth hormone (GH)-related disorders. However, ethnicity-specific Indian data, following consensus criteria for the establishment of normative data, are not available. Our objective was to generate chronological age (CA)-, bone age (BA)- and Tanner stage-specific normative data for IGF-1 in healthy Indian children and adolescents.

Fracture risk and bone health in adrenal adenomas with mild autonomous cortisol secretion/subclinical hypercortisolism: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Adrenal adenomas/incidentalomas with mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS)/subclinical hypercortisolism (SH) are often associated with metabolic syndrome, glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, and fractures. In this background, the present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to collate the available evidence and provide a summary of the effect of MACS/SH on bone health in terms of fractures, osteoporosis/osteopenia, microarchitecture, and bone turnover. PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for observational studies reporting prevalence of fractures, osteoporosis/osteopenia or data on bone microarchitecture/bone turnover markers (BTMs).

Impact of short-term application of continuous glucose monitoring system(CGMS) on long-term glycemic profile in adolescents and adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus: An open-label randomized control cross over study.

Aims: The use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS) improves glycemic parameters in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1D), but the cost is prohibitive. Here, we investigated the effect of short-term application of real-time and intermittently-scanned CGMS (rt and is-CGMS) in T1D individuals on change in HbA1c at the end of 3 months.

Methods: T1D individuals were randomized into three groups in a ratio of 1:1:2 - Group A (rt-CGMS for 2 weeks initially, followed by is-CGMS for 2 weeks at 3 months), Group B (is-CGMS for 2 weeks initially followed by rt-CGMS for 2 weeks at 3 months) and Group C (only self-monitoring of blood glucose), respectively.

An audit of medullary thyroid carcinoma from a tertiary care hospital in northwest India.

Introduction: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare thyroid malignancy originating from parafollicular C cells. It accounts for 5%-10% of all thyroid malignancies.

Methods: An ambispective analysis of pathologically proven MTC presented in a tertiary care hospital in northwest India was performed after considering demography, clinical manifestation, mutation status, management, and outcome as denominators.

Sarcopenia is common in ulcerative colitis and correlates with disease activity.

Background/aims: Association of sarcopenia with disease severity in ulcerative colitis (UC) is not clearly defined. We planned to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with UC as per the revised definition and its relation with the disease severity.

Methods: A cross-sectional assessment of sarcopenia in patients with UC was performed.

GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors and noncardiovascular mortality in type 2 diabetes: Insights from a meta-analysis.

Objective: Type-2 diabetes (T2D) poses a higher risk of noncardiovascular mortality in addition to the burden of cardiovascular mortality. The well-established cardiovascular benefits of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) could solely explain their apparent effects on all-cause mortality in T2D. The present meta-analysis aims to pool their effects on noncardiovascular mortality in T2D and summarize the recent evidence on plausible pathways mediating these effects.

Do vitamin D levels or supplementation play A role in COVID-19 outcomes?-a narrative review.

Background And Objective: Hypovitaminosis D has been proposed as a risk factor for increased susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and severe outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Likewise, vitamin D supplementation has been proposed as an effective means for preventing and improving clinical outcomes in COVID-19. Nevertheless, available data are markedly inconsistent and contradictory.

Risk of Gallstone Disease in Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: Apart from renal stones, primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) has been linked to the occurrence of gallstone disease (GSD). Nevertheless, the association is not consistent across all studies. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aims to collate the hitherto available evidence and provide a pooled estimate of the association between GSD and PHPT.

Phosphate: An underrated component of primary hyperparathyroidism.

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a systemic disease that affects all the systems of the body, specifically the bones and the kidneys. Its main action is on calcium homeostasis. It tries to preserve the body's calcium level at the cost of phosphate.

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists with sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors in heart failure: a meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: To investigate the cardiovascular effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) with concomitant mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) use in heart failure (HF) regardless of ejection fraction (EF) and explore the risk of MRA-associated adverse events in individuals randomized to SGLT2i vs. placebo.

Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and clinical trial registries were searched for randomized controlled trials/post-hoc analyses evaluating SGLT2i in HF with or without MRA use (PROSPERO: CRD42023397129).

Serum uric acid lowering and effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on gout: A meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials.

Aims: To pool the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on gout and to investigate the association of these effects with baseline serum uric acid (SUA), SUA lowering, and underlying conditions, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)/heart failure (HF).

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and clinical trial registry websites were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or post hoc analyses (≥1-year duration; PROSPERO:CRD42023418525). The primary outcome was a composite of gouty arthritis/gout flares and commencement of anti-gout drugs (SUA-lowering drugs/colchicine).