Computed tomography colonography: Radiographer independent preliminary clinical evaluation for intraluminal pathology.

Introduction: We evaluated the reporting competency of radiographers providing preliminary clinical evaluations (PCE) for intraluminal pathology of computed tomography colonography (CTC).

Method: Following validation of a suitable tool, audit was undertaken to compare radiographer PCE against radiology reports. A database was designed to capture radiographer and radiologist report data.

Increased radiation dose and projected radiation-related lifetime cancer risk in patients with obesity due to projection radiography.

Purpose: Primarily to evaluate the radiation dose delivered to patients with obesity in projection radiography and its relationship to the patient's size. A secondary purpose is to estimate the subsequent projected radiation-related lifetime cancer risk to patients with obesity compared to normal-weight patients.

Method And Material: Data from 1964 patients from a bariatric clinic in the UK were reviewed with the relevant permission.

Outcomes of children exposed in utero to chemotherapy for breast cancer.

Introduction: The incidence of breast cancer diagnosed during pregnancy is expected to increase as more women delay childbearing in the United States. Treatment of cancer in pregnant women requires prudent judgment to balance the benefit to the cancer patient and the risks to the fetus. Prospective data on the outcomes of children exposed to chemotherapy in utero are limited for the breast cancer population.

Combined colonoscopy and endometrial biopsy cancer screening results in women with Lynch syndrome.

Objective: Endometrial biopsy (EMBx) and colonoscopy performed under the same sedation is termed combined screening and has been shown to be feasible and to provide a less painful and more satisfactory experience for women with Lynch syndrome (LS). However, clinical results of these screening efforts have not been reported. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes and patient compliance with serial screenings over the last 10.

Care of the pregnant patient with cancer.

An estimated 1 in 1,000 pregnancies is complicated by cancer, and the incidence of cancer during pregnancy is expected to increase as women delay childbirth until their later years. A diagnosis of cancer and the cancer treatment process can be particularly difficult for the pregnant patient, and are challenging for the physician and nurse. This article provides an overview of cancer treatment during pregnancy, discusses current practice guidelines and the oncology nursing role in caring for this unique patient population, and highlights resources for clinicians and patients.

Prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy compared with surveillance in women with BRCA mutations.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate clinical factors associated with choosing prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) over surveillance in women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation.

Methods: Between 1996 and 2005, 139 women who tested positive for a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation were identified. Thirty-three women were excluded due to a personal history of ovarian or fallopian tube cancer before genetic testing, resulting in 106 women for the final analysis.

Physiological importance of the 1,25(OH)2D3 membrane receptor and evidence for a membrane receptor specific for 24,25(OH)2D3.

We have recently identified a membrane vitamin D receptor (mVDR) specific for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) and shown that it mediates the rapid activation of protein kinase C (PKC) in growth zone chondrocytes (GCs). In this study, we examine the role of the 1, 25(OH)2D3-mVDR in chondrocyte physiology and provide evidence for the existence of a specific membrane receptor for 24, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (24,25(OH)2D3-mVDR). Fourth-passage cultures of growth plate chondrocytes at two distinct stages of endochondral development, resting zone (RC) and growth zone (GC) cells, were used to assess the role of the mVDR in cell proliferation, PKC activation, and proteoglycan sulfation.