Acute Kidney Injury Due to Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome.

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a complication of assisted reproductive treatments such as in vitro fertilization (IVF). The pathophysiology of severe OHSS includes a humorally mediated capillary leak syndrome that is predominantly centered on the intra-abdominal space. Severe OHSS is frequently complicated by acute kidney injury (AKI), which can be due to any of a variety of mechanisms, each requiring a different management strategy.

Safety Lapses Prior to Initiation of Hemodialysis for Acute Kidney Injury in Hospitalized Patients: A Patient Safety Initiative.

Safety lapses in hospitalized patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) may lead to hemodialysis (HD) being required before renal recovery might have otherwise occurred. We sought to identify safety lapses that, if prevented, could reduce the need for unnecessary HD after AKI; We conducted a retrospective observational study that included consecutive patients treated with HD for AKI at a large, tertiary academic center between 1 September 2015 and 31 August 2016. Exposures of interest were pre-specified iatrogenic processes that could contribute to the need for HD after AKI, such as nephrotoxic medication or potassium supplement administration.

Microparticle Formation in Peritoneal Dialysis: A Proof of Concept Study.

Background: Injury to the mesothelial layer of the peritoneal membrane during peritoneal dialysis (PD) is implicated in loss of ultrafiltration capacity, but there are no validated biomarkers for mesothelial cell injury. Microparticles (MPs) are 0.1 to 1.

Renal pseudoaneurysm formation post allograft biopsy: a case report.

Renal pseudoaneurysm (PSA) is a rare complication post kidney transplant biopsy that accounts for less than 1% of allograft dysfunction. Imaging guidelines in the diagnosis of renal PSA have not yet been developed owing to the low occurrence and limited data availability. However, contrast-enhanced CT and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) are the preferred modalities in detecting PSA owing to the high contrast and spatial resolution.

Rituximab use in adult primary glomerulopathy: where is the evidence?

Rituximab is a chimeric anti-CD20 antibody that results in depletion of B-cell lymphocytes. It is currently used in the treatment of a variety of autoimmune diseases, in addition to CD20-positive lymphomas. The use of rituximab in the treatment of the adult primary glomerular diseases has emerged recently, although not yet established as first-line therapy in international guidelines.

Circulating angiogenic factors in a pregnant woman on intensive hemodialysis: a case report.

Background: Pregnancy in patients on chronic hemodialysis therapy, though unlikely, does happen rarely. Intensive hemodialysis is thought to offer a better survival advantage to the unborn child. Circulating angiogenic factors are helpful for prognostication of pregnant patients with chronic kidney disease who are not on dialysis.

CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION POST KIDNEY TRANSPLANT: What Should We Know Now?

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) remains one of the most important pathogen responsible for the morbidity and mortality of transplantation patients. The impact on recipients depends on the form of CMV infection knowing that 10% to 50% develop symptomatic disease while solid organ involvement if presumed (e.g.

A Rare Cause of Reversible Renal Hemosiderosis.

Kidney failure secondary to renal hemosiderosis has been reported in diseases with intravascular hemolysis, like paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, and valvular heart diseases. We present here a case of hemosiderin induced acute tubular necrosis secondary to intravascular hemolysis from Clostridium difficile infection with possible role of supratherapeutic INR. We discuss the pathophysiology, causes, and prognosis of acute tubular injury from hemosiderosis.