Longitudinal genomic surveillance of multidrug-resistant carriage in critical care patients.

Colonization with multidrug-resistant strains causes a substantial health burden in hospitalized patients. We performed a longitudinal genomics study to investigate the colonization of resistant strains in critically ill patients and to identify evolutionary changes and strain replacement events within patients. Patients were admitted to the intensive care unit and hematology wards at a major hospital in Lebanon.

Phenotypic and genotypic characterisation of cephalosporin-, carbapenem- and colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacterial pathogens in Lebanon, Jordan and Iraq.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a worldwide health concern that continues to escalate. A PubMed literature search identified articles from January 2015-August 2020 reviewing cephalosporin-, carbapenem- and colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) in Lebanon, Jordan and Iraq, specifically focused on three main pathogens, namely Acinetobacter spp., Enterobacteriaceae (i.

The 2018 Lebanese Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Guidelines for the use of antimicrobial therapy in complicated intra-abdominal infections in the era of antimicrobial resistance.

Background: The Lebanese Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (LSIDCM) is involved in antimicrobial stewardship. In an attempt at guiding clinicians across Lebanon in regards to the proper use of antimicrobial agents, members of this society are in the process of preparing national guidelines for common infectious diseases, among which are the guidelines for empiric and targeted antimicrobial therapy of complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAI). The aims of these guidelines are optimizing patient care based on evidence-based literature and local antimicrobial susceptibility data, together with limiting the inappropriate use of antimicrobials thus decreasing the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and curtailing on other adverse outcomes.

Epidemiology of common resistant bacterial pathogens in the countries of the Arab League.

No uniformly organised collection of data regarding antimicrobial resistance has occurred in the countries of the Arab League. 19 countries of the Arab League have published data for antimicrobial susceptibility for the WHO priority organisms, and seven of 14 of these organisms are included in this Review (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Salmonella spp, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae). Although E coli and Klebsiella spp resistance to third-generation cephalosporins is common in all countries, with prevalence reaching more than 50% in Egypt and Syria, carbapenem resistance is emerging, albeit with a prevalence of less than 10%.

Low rate of human papillomavirus vaccination among schoolgirls in Lebanon: barriers to vaccination with a focus on mothers' knowledge about available vaccines.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is an established predisposing factor of cervical cancer. In this study, we assessed the awareness about genital warts, cervical cancer, and HPV vaccine among mothers having girls who are at the age of primary HPV vaccination attending a group of schools in Lebanon. We also assessed the rate of HPV vaccination among these girls and the barriers to vaccination in this community.

An antibiotic stewardship exercise in the ICU: building a treatment algorithm for the management of ventilator-associated pneumonia based on local epidemiology and the 2016 Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society guidelines.

Introduction: Management of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), the most common infection in patients on mechanical ventilation, should be tailored to local microbiological data. The aim of this study was to determine susceptibility patterns of organisms causing VAP to develop a treatment algorithm based on these findings and evidence from the literature.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of the microbiological etiology of VAP in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a Lebanese tertiary care hospital from July 2015 to July 2016.

Prescription Patterns for Tigecycline in Severely Ill Patients for Non-FDA Approved Indications in a Developing Country: A Compromised Outcome.

With the rise in antibiotic resistance, tigecycline has been used frequently in off-label indications, based on its activity against multidrug-resistant organisms. In this study, our aim was to assess its use in approved and unapproved indications. This is a retrospective chart review evaluating a 2-year experience of tigecycline use for > 72 h in 153 adult patients inside and outside critical care unit from January 2012 to December 2013 in a Lebanese tertiary-care hospital.

E. coli, K. pneumoniae and K. oxytoca community-acquired infections susceptibility to cephalosporins and other antimicrobials in Lebanon.

Objectives: Cephalosporin resistance in Enterobacteriaceae has become an international concern. This article studies the distribution and trends of resistance of E. coli and Klebsiella species isolated from clinical specimens representing community-acquired infections.