Liver histopathological and oxidative stress assessment by a combination of formaldehyde and oxytetracycline in sea bass ( L).

Background: Formaldehyde (FA) and oxytetracycline (OTC) are the chemicals commonly used in aquaculture to prevent or treat fish diseases due to protozoa, parasites, and bacteria.

Aim: The goal of the present study is to assess the liver injury and oxidative stress induced by exposure of sea bass ( L) to therapeutic doses of FA (200 ml.m) and OTC (40 g.

Mini-review highlighting toxic effects of triflumuron in insects and mammalian systems.

Pesticides have been used to kill pests such as insects, fungi, rodents, and unwanted plants. As these compounds are potentially toxic to the target organisms, they could also be harmful to human health and the environment. Several chronic adverse effects have been identified even after months or years of exposure.

The protective effects of thymol and carvacrol against di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced cytotoxicity in HEK-293 cells.

The protective effects of thymol and carvacrol, two phenolic monoterpenes with a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects, against the oxidative stress produced by the di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in human embryonic kidney cells 293 cells (HEK-293 cells) were investigated in this study. The cytotoxicity was monitored by cell viability, while oxidative stress generation was assessed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) quantification, antioxidant enzyme activities measurement, glutathione concentration, and malondialdehyde (MDA) quantification. The genotoxicity was evaluated by the measurement of DNA fragmentation through the Comet assay.

Nephroprotective Efficacy of Selenium and Zinc Against Potassium Dichromate-Induced Renal Toxicity in Pregnant Wistar Albino Rats.

Hexavalent chromium (CrVI) compounds are potent toxicants commonly used in numerous industries. Thus, potential toxic effects and health hazards are of high relevance. Selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) are known for their antioxidant and chemoprotective properties.

Protective effects of selenium and zinc against potassium dichromate-induced thyroid disruption, oxidative stress, and DNA damage in pregnant Wistar rats.

Hexavalent chromium (CrVI) is an environmental pollutant and an endocrine-disrupting metal. Se and Zn are essential trace elements, known to play a crucial role in thyroid homeostasis. However, there is a lack of data reporting thyrotoxicity during gestation.

Effect of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on Nrf2-regulated glutathione homeostasis in mouse kidney.

Environmental toxicants such as phthalate have been involved in multiple health disorders including renal diseases. Oxidative damage is implicated in many alterations caused by phthalate especially the di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), which is the most useful phthalate. However, information regarding its mechanism of renal damage is lacking.

Triflumuron induces genotoxicity in both mice bone marrow cells and human Colon cancer cell line.

Triflumuron (TFM) is an insect growth regulator (IGR), an insecticide commonly used over the world. It is known for its several toxic manifestations, such as reprotoxicity, immunotoxicity and hematotoxicity, which could affect public health. However, studies that reveal its toxic effects on mammalians are limited.

Protective effect assessment of Moringa oleifera against cadmium-induced toxicity in HCT116 and HEK293 cell lines.

The cadmium (Cd) is considered one of the widespread toxic metals in the aquatic and terrestrial environments, which is due to its long half-life, non-degradable characteristic, and toxicity. Aqueous extract of freeze-dried Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae family) leaves was examined for protective effect and antioxidant power against Cd toxicity. The results revealed that Moringa aqueous extract (MAE) has contents of total polyphenols and flavonoids about 30.

Triflumuron induces cytotoxic effects on hepatic and renal human cell lines.

Insect growth regulator insecticides are a new class of pesticides, commonly used around the world to control insect damages. Among those compounds, we focused our interest on triflumuron (TFM), which is less toxic than other conventional insecticides. However, not much is known about its toxic effects on mammalian systems.

Protective effects of fennel essential oil against oxidative stress and genotoxicity induced by the insecticide triflumuron in human colon carcinoma cells.

The increased use of pesticides is the origin of multiple damages to the environment and to humans; thus, the search for new strategies to reduce or even protect the toxic effects caused by these synthetic products became a necessity. In this context, our study attempted to evaluate the protective effects of fennel essential oil (FEO), the main essential oil extracted from Faeniculum vulgare Mill., a plant with aromatic, flavorful, and medicinal uses, against toxicity induced by an insecticide-triflumuron (TFM)-in human carcinoma cells (HCT116).

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate inhibits glutathione regeneration and dehydrogenases of the pentose phosphate pathway on human colon carcinoma cells.

Phthalates, particularly di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), are compounds widely used as plasticizers and have become serious global contaminants. Because of the bioaccumulation of such substances, the food chain is at risk. The food contamination by some phthalates has been linked to different side effects in experimental animals.

Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate targets the thioredoxin system and the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway in liver of Balb/c mice.

Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a plasticizer that gives flexibility to various polyvinyl chloride products. It is a pollutant easily released into the environment and can cause many adverse effects to living organisms including hepatotoxicity. The thioredoxin system is a determining factor in the redox balance maintaining in the liver, which is a vulnerable tissue of reactive oxygen species overproduction because of its high energy needs.

Partial characterization of the edible Spinacia oleracea polysaccharides: Cytoprotective and antioxidant potentials against Cd induced toxicity in HCT116 and HEK293 cells.

Spinacia is an interesting medicinal halophyte plant that is employed as a food and therapeutic agent in traditional medicine. In this work, water-soluble polysaccharides from Spinacia oleracea were extracted and preliminary characterization was established via FT-IR, UV-vis, H NMR and SEC/MALS DRI technics. The extracted polysaccharide, with an average molecular mass of 408 kDa, was composed of arabinose, galactose, mannose, glucose, rhamnose and xylose in the molar percentage of 49.

Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induces cytotoxicity in HEK-293 cell line, implication of the Nrf-2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway.

The di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a plasticizer used in the polyvinyl chloride industry. Human exposure to this plasticizer is inevitable and contributes to several side effects. In this study, we examined whether DEHP induces apoptosis and oxidative stress in embryonic kidney cells (HEK-293) and whether the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) antioxidant pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of this process.

Metabolism of triflumuron in the human liver: Contribution of cytochrome P450 isoforms and esterases.

Triflumuron (TFM) is a benzoylurea insecticide commonly used in Tunisian agriculture and around the world to control crop pests and flies as a promising alternative to conventional insecticides for its arthropod specificity and low toxicity. From the evidence available in animal models, it can be expected that the metabolism of TFM is catalyzed by cytochrome P450 (CYP) and esterases. However, no data are available on human metabolism of TFM with regards to phase I metabolism and CYP isoform specificity.

Protective effects of kefir against deltamethrin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

Deltamethrine (DLM) is a synthetic pyrethroid with broad spectrum activities against acaricides and insects. Widely used for agricultural and veterinary purposes, its human and animal exposure occurs by ingestion of contaminated water and food and leads to serious health problems. Kefir is fermented milk with numerous health favors counting restorative properties of bacterial flora, immune system stimulation, cholesterol reduction, as well as anti-mutagenic and anti-tumor properties.

Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induces cardiac disorders in BALB/c mice.

Because of the extensive use of phthalates for domestic, medical, and industrial applications, the evaluation of their toxic effects is of major concern to public health. The aim of the present study was to assess the propensity of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), one of the most used phthalates, to cause oxidative cardiac damage in mice. DEHP was administered intraperitoneally at doses of 5, 50, and 200 mg/kg body weight for 30 consecutive days in BALB/c mice.

Acute triflumuron exposure induces oxidative stress responses in liver and kidney of Balb/C mice.

Triflumuron (TFM) is one of the most widely used insecticides over the world. It is a benzoylphenyl urea that belongs to the class of insect growth regulators. This insecticide acts by inhibiting insect's chitin synthesis and by consequences, making insect more susceptible to pathogens and malformations.

Protective effects of kefir against zearalenone toxicity mediated by oxidative stress in cultured HCT-116 cells.

Kefir is a fermented milk with numerous health favors counting restorative properties of bacterial flora, reduction of the symptoms of lactose intolerance, immune system stimulation, cholesterol reduction, as well as anti-mutagenic and anti-tumor properties. Zearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin produced by some Fusarium species. ZEN often occurs as a contaminant in cereal grains and animal feeds.

Beneficial effects of mycophenolate mofetil on cardiotoxicity induced by tacrolimus in wistar rats.

The immunosuppressive drug tacrolimus (TAC) is used clinically to reduce the rejection rate in transplant patients. TAC has contributed to an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease in patients receiving solid organ transplantation. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), a potent inhibitor of de novo purine synthesis, is known to prevent ongoing rejection in combination with TAC.