Hippocampal volume is more related to patient-reported memory than objective memory performance in early multiple sclerosis.

Background: When persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) report memory decline but objective memory performance is normal, there is a bias toward believing objective test results.

Objective: Investigate whether subjective memory decline or objective memory performance is more related to hippocampal and hippocampal subfield volumes in early MS.

Methods: Persons with early MS ( = 185; ⩽5.

Opioid prescribing patterns and usage after rhinologic surgery: A systematic review.

Objective: Judicious management of analgesics following rhinologic surgery is important for curtailing over-prescription of opioids. Limited data exists defining expected pain levels and appropriate opioid requirements after rhinologic surgery.

Methods: A systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

Reducing pediatric exposure to environmental tobacco smoke: The effects of pediatric exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and the role of pediatric perioperative care.

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has deleterious effects on a child's general health and their perioperative risk; specifically, it doubles a child's perioperative risk of adverse respiratory events, particularly laryngospasm. It increases the risk of sudden infant death syndrome, bacterial meningitis, middle ear infection, asthma, and lower respiratory tract infection. The preoperative assessment of children presenting for procedures under general anesthesia is an opportune moment to screen for exposure to ETS and give information about the risks and cessation support (if applicable).

Outcomes and Complications with Topical Epinephrine in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of topical epinephrine in adults undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, and Ovid MEDLINE online databases.

Review Methods: Non-case report English articles studying the effects of topical epinephrine as the topical vasoconstrictor used in adult ESS were found from the online databases through January 2019.

CellTrace Violet™ inhibits equine lymphocyte proliferation.

CellTrace Violet™ is a commonly used fluorescent dye used with flow cytometry to identify cell proliferation. Activated equine lymphocytes were examined using flow cytometry, microscopy and tritiated thymidine proliferation assays. CellTrace Violet™ was incorporated into the equine lymphocytes effectively.

Use of Individualized Learning Plans to Facilitate Feedback Among Medical Students.

Self-regulated learning theory suggests that individualized learning plans can benefit medical trainees by providing a structured means of goal setting, self-monitoring, and self-evaluation. External feedback also plays an important role in affecting learner motivations, perceptions, and self-evaluations. Accordingly, having learners share individualized learning plans with preceptors might promote self-regulated learning by helping align the feedback they receive with their learning goals.

Framework for advancing rigorous research.

There is a pressing need to increase the rigor of research in the life and biomedical sciences. To address this issue, we propose that communities of 'rigor champions' be established to campaign for reforms of the research culture that has led to shortcomings in rigor. These communities of rigor champions would also assist in the development and adoption of a comprehensive educational platform that would teach the principles of rigorous science to researchers at all career stages.

Combined Spatially Resolved Characterization of Antireflection and Antisoiling Coatings for PV Module Glass.

Characterization of photovoltaic (PV) module materials throughout different stages of service life is crucial to understanding and improving the durability of these materials. Currently the large-scale of PV modules (>1 m) is imbalanced with the small-scale of most materials characterization tools (≤1 cm). Furthermore, understanding degradation mechanisms often requires a combination of multiple characterization techniques.

Concordance of self-reported practice patterns of American Rhinologic Society members with the International Consensus Statement of Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis.

Background: The 2016 International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR:RS) is a collaborative distillation of available research and consensus recommendations for the management for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However, implementation of the ICAR:RS recommendations in the reality of clinical practice is not clearly defined.

Methods: An anonymous, web-based survey of the American Rhinologic Society membership was performed in October, 2018.

Detection of subtle gait disturbance and future fall risk in early multiple sclerosis.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that higher-challenge gait and balance tasks are more sensitive than traditional metrics to subtle patient-reported gait dysfunction and future fall risk in early multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: Persons with early MS (n = 185; ≤5 years diagnosed) reported gait function (MS Walking Scale) and underwent traditional disability metrics (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS], Timed 25 Foot Walk). Patients and healthy controls (n = 50) completed clinically feasible challenge tasks of gait endurance (2-Minute Walk Test), standing balance (NIH Toolbox), and dynamic balance (balance boards; tandem walk on 2 ten-foot boards of different widths, 4.

A pilot study to investigate the measurement of immunoglobulin A in Welsh Cob and Welsh Pony foals' faeces and their dam's milk.

To determine if an ELISA for measurement of IgA in equine serum could be used to measure concentrations of IgA in foal faeces and to determine correlations with concentrations in the milk of the dam. Faeces from 20 Welsh Cob and Welsh Pony foals and milk from their dams were collected within 12 hours (Day 0) and at 6 days after parturition (Day 6). On Day 6, faeces could not be collected from 2/20 foals, and milk samples could not be collected from 3/20 mares.

Fragile X Syndrome-Associated Emergency Department Visits in the United States, 2006-2011.

Using national data, we examined emergency department (ED) encounters during 2006-2011 for which a diagnosis code for fragile X syndrome (FXS) was present ( = 7,217). Almost half of ED visits coded for FXS resulted in hospitalization, which is much higher than for ED visits not coded for FXS. ED visits among females coded for FXS were slightly more likely to result in hospitalization.

Examining the distributional equity of urban tree canopy cover and ecosystem services across United States cities.

Examining the distributional equity of urban tree canopy cover (UTCC) has increasingly become an important interdisciplinary focus of ecologists and social scientists working within the field of environmental justice. However, while UTCC may serve as a useful proxy for the benefits provided by the urban forest, it is ultimately not a direct measure. In this study, we quantified the monetary value of multiple ecosystem services (ESD) provisioned by urban forests across nine U.

A fluorescing spot on the temple: a helpful reminder for a detailed history and physical exam.

We discuss a woman with a history of non-melanoma skin cancer who presented with a new erythematous macule on her right temple. On examination with Wood lamp the well-demarcated macule fluoresced pink making neoplasm unlikely. Further history and physical examination suggested an inadvertent ink stain and the patient was spared a biopsy highlighting the importance of eliciting a good history and performing a detailed physical examination with additional tools such as a Wood lamp when necessary.

Exposure to the US Criminal Legal System and Well-Being: A 2018 Cross-Sectional Study.

To assess the association between exposure to the US criminal legal system and well-being. We used data from the 2018 Family History of Incarceration Survey, a nationally representative cross-sectional study of family incarceration experience (n = 2815), which includes measures of participants' own criminal legal system exposure, including police stops, arrests, and incarceration. We measured well-being across 5 domains-physical, mental, social, spiritual, and overall life evaluation-and analyzed trends in well-being by criminal legal system exposure using logistic regression.

Resolvin D1 promotes efferocytosis in aging by limiting senescent cell-induced MerTK cleavage.

Inflammation-resolution is mediated by the balance between specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) like resolvin D1 (RvD1) and pro-inflammatory factors, like leukotriene B (LTB). A key cellular process of inflammation-resolution is efferocytosis. Aging is associated with defective inflammation-resolution and the accumulation of pro-inflammatory senescent cells (SCs).

Clinical Practice Guideline: Nosebleed (Epistaxis) Executive Summary.

Objective: Nosebleed, also known as epistaxis, is a common problem that occurs at some point in at least 60% of people in the United States. While the great majority of nosebleeds are limited in severity and duration, about 6% of people who experience nosebleeds will seek medical attention. For the purposes of this guideline, we define the target patient with a nosebleed as a patient with bleeding from the nostril, nasal cavity, or nasopharynx that is sufficient to warrant medical advice or care.

Clinical Practice Guideline: Nosebleed (Epistaxis).

Objective: , also known as , is a common problem that occurs at some point in at least 60% of people in the United States. While the majority of nosebleeds are limited in severity and duration, about 6% of people who experience nosebleeds will seek medical attention. For the purposes of this guideline, we define the target patient with a nosebleed as .

Complication Rates Following Septoplasty With Inferior Turbinate Reduction.

Septoplasty with submucous resection of the inferior turbinate (SMRT) is a common correctional surgery performed in patients with deviated nasal septum resulting in nasal obstruction. Although complications are infrequent, studies examining long-term complications following septoplasty with SMRT are rare. We conducted a retrospective review of patients electing to undergo septoplasty with SMRT at a tertiary rhinology clinic from January 2007 to December 2015.

Longitudinal Competency-Based Point-of-Care Ultrasound Curriculum in Anesthesiology: Description and Initial Experience With PGY1 and PGY2 Trainees.

Point-of-care ultrasound is becoming increasingly utilized in centers throughout the country for use in perioperative regional anesthesia procedures, vascular access, diagnosis, and resuscitation. We propose an educational approach that not only spans the 4-year duration of anesthesia residency but also regularly assesses progress throughout training. We accomplish this through a flipped classroom model, in which the 12 residents in each class participate in online modules for the baseline didactic knowledge, then come to a session where they have the opportunity to work in small groups (1:2-1:3 ratio of faculty to learner) and practice the skills outlined in the modules.

Associations between community well-being and hospitalisation rates: results from a cross-sectional study within six US states.

Objective: To evaluate the association between community well-being, a positively framed, multidimensional assessment of the health and quality of life of a geographic community, and hospitalisation rates.

Design: Cross-sectional study SETTING: Zip codes within six US states (Florida, Iowa, Nebraska, New York, Pennsylvania and Utah) MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Our primary outcome was age-adjusted, all-cause hospitalisation rates in 2010; secondary outcomes included potentially preventable disease-specific hospitalisation rates, including cardiovascular-related, respiratory-related and cancer-related admissions. Our main independent variable was the Gallup-Sharecare Well-Being Index (WBI) and its domains (life evaluation, emotional health, work environment, physical health, healthy behaviours and basic access).

Blood type and breed-associated differences in cell marker expression on equine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells including major histocompatibility complex class II antigen expression.

Background: As the search for an immune privileged allogeneic donor mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) line continues in equine medicine, the characterization of the cells between different sources becomes important. Our research seeks to more clearly define the MSC marker expression of different equine MSC donors.

Methods: The bone marrow-derived MSCs from two equine breeds and different blood donor-types were compared over successive culture passages to determine the differential expression of important antigens.