Is underweight associated with poorer diet, nutrient status, bone and cardiometabolic health, and school performance in Danish 8-11-year-olds?

Purpose: Underweight, i.e. low body mass index for age and sex, may indicate undernutrition, but despite high prevalence, this aspect is largely overlooked in children in high-income countries.

Introducing Point-of-Care PCR technology in general practice: Ambiguities, experiences, and perceptions among health care professionals.

In this paper we present findings from a qualitative ethnographic study investigating the experiences and perceptions of general practitioners and other practice staff when introducing a new point of care diagnostic test technology (point of care polymerase chain reaction (POC PCR)) in general practice in Denmark. The ethnographic study was conducted in five general practice clinics, involving observations in four of the clinics and interviews with general practitioners and practice staff in all five clinics. Following an initial analytic phase in which barriers and facilitators in the implementation process of the Point-of-Care test were identified, we developed theoretically informed themes, drawing upon Hartmut Rosa's social theory of technological acceleration.

Multicomponent (bio)markers for obesity risk prediction: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Despite international efforts, the number of individuals struggling with obesity is still increasing. An important aspect of obesity prevention relates to identifying individuals at risk at early stage, allowing for timely risk stratification and initiation of countermeasures. However, obesity is complex and multifactorial by nature, and one isolated (bio)marker is unlikely to enable an optimal risk stratification and prognosis for the individual; rather, a combined set is required.

Methylated Cell-Free Tumor DNA in Sputum as a Tool for Diagnosing Lung Cancer-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Early diagnosis is pivotal for the prognosis. There is a notable overlap between lung cancer and chronic bronchitis, and the potential use of methylated tumor DNA in sputum as a biomarker for lung cancer detection is appealing.

Evaluating the health impact of increased linseed consumption in the Danish population.

Consumption of linseeds has been suggested to have beneficial effects on human health. However, toxic constituents of linseed may compromise these benefits. We conducted a quantitative risk-benefit assessment to evaluate the overall health impact of increasing linseed intake up to 45 g/day in the Danish population (15-74 years).

Prognostic impact of early ctDNA dynamics during chemotherapy of metastatic cancer.

Clinical utility of the dynamics of ctDNA is sparse. This study aimed at evaluating the prognostic impact of early ctDNA dynamics in patients with metastatic cancer treated with chemotherapy. The ctDNA dynamics were evaluated in 595 patients with metastatic cancer using droplet digital PCR.

Circulating DNA and frequency of colorectal cancer brain metastases in a presumed high-risk group.

This explorative prospective observational pilot study investigated if suggested risk factors, rectal cancer and lung metastases, could add to a relevant detection rate of asymptomatic brain metastases (BM) from colorectal cancer (CRC). Secondary, prognostic biological aspects were investigated by translational analysis of plasma samples. The study enrolled patients with rectal cancer and lung metastases.

ctDNA-guided adjuvant treatment after radical-intent treatment of metastatic spread from colorectal cancer-the first interim results from the OPTIMISE study.

Background: Patients with detectable ctDNA after radical-intent treatment of metastatic spread from colorectal cancer (mCRC) have a very high risk of recurrence, which may be prevented with intensified adjuvant chemotherapy (aCTh). In the OPTIMISE study, we investigate ctDNA-guided aCTh after radical-intent treatment of mCRC. Here we present results from the preplanned interim analysis.

Understanding Gut Sensations: Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Diagnostic Fluidity in Danish Clinical Practice.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent health challenge in a Danish welfare context. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork at two Danish gastroenterology clinics, and inspired by Charles E. Rosenberg's idea of styles of explaining widespread diseases, we outline three styles of understanding and treating gut trouble in daily clinical work: "The microbial gut," "the mindful gut," and "the lifestyled gut.

Vitamin D supplementation for improving bone density in vitamin D-deficient children and adolescents: systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Vitamin D supplements are widely used for improving bone health in children and adolescents, but their effects in vitamin D-deficient children are unclear.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine whether the effect of vitamin D supplementation on bone mineral density (BMD) in children and adolescents differs by baseline vitamin D status and estimate the effect in vitamin D-deficient individuals.

Methods: This is a systematic review and individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis.

Methylated Circulating Tumor DNA in Blood as a Tool for Diagnosing Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, and early detection is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Current screening methods using computed tomography have limitations, prompting interest in non-invasive diagnostic tools such as methylated circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). The PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were followed.

Phase II trial of delta-tocotrienol in neoadjuvant breast cancer with evaluation of treatment response using ctDNA.

Neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer is applied to an increasing extent, but treatment response varies and side effects pose a challenge. The vitamin E isoform delta-tocotrienol might enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy and reduce the risk of side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effect of delta-tocotrienol combined with standard neoadjuvant treatment and the possible association between detectable circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) during and after neoadjuvant treatment with pathological treatment response.

NK cell activity and methylated HOXA9 ctDNA as prognostic biomarkers in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

Background: PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have improved survival for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We evaluated natural killer cell activity (NKA) and methylated HOXA9 circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) as prognostic biomarkers in NSCLC patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

Methods: Plasma was prospectively collected from 71 NSCLC patients before treatment with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and before cycles 2-4.

Vitamin D Food Fortification Strategies on Population-Based Dietary Intake Data Using Mixed-Integer Programming.

The dietary vitamin D intake of the Danish population is low, and food fortification is a strategy to increase intake. This paper explores the possibility of vitamin D fortification on the current population food intake in Denmark, such that the population receives adequate amounts of vitamin D without having to change current dietary patterns. A mixed-integer programming approach is used to arrive at a solution for the optimal fortification required at each food group level so that the majority of the population receive the minimum intake of average requirement (AR) and do not exceed the tolerable upper intake level (UL).

A Data Driven Approach to Identify Safe and Adequate Schemes for Vitamin D Fortification.

Food fortification is a strategy to increase low vitamin D intake. In order to avoid the intake of a population exceeding the upper tolerable intake level, the right choice of food groups to fortify is of crucial importance. An automated fortification tool was developed based on dietary intake data from the Danish National Survey of Dietary Habits and Physical Activity 2011-2013 (DANSDA), taking into account the energy contribution of the fortified food.

Assessment of circulating biomarkers for detection of lung cancer in a high-risk cohort.

Background: There is an urgent need for early detection of lung cancer. Screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is now implemented in the US. Supplementary use of a lung cancer biomarker with high specificity is desirable.

The Clinical Impact of Methylated Homeobox A9 ctDNA in Patients with Non-Resectable Biliary Tract Cancer Treated with Erlotinib and Bevacizumab.

Methylated homeobox A9 (meth-HOXA9) is tumor specific and has been suggested as a prognostic biomarker in several types of cancer. ctDNA measured as meth-HOXA9 may be a valuable biomarker in the decision-making process about last-line treatment of biliary tract cancer (BTC). The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical impact of meth-HOXA9 in plasma from patients receiving erlotinib and bevacizumab for late-stage BTC and to investigate the treatment effect and adverse events.

Moving goals. Goal-work in Parkinson's disease rehabilitation.

Chronic diseases often demand considerable work by patients: they must adhere to medical regimes and engage with social and embodied discontinuities. In Denmark, rehabilitees in Parkinson's disease rehabilitation talk about Parkinson's as their new job. In this article, we introduce as an optical lens to enlarge and explore the micro-social practices that concern a core practice in rehabilitation where professionals and rehabilitees set goals for the future and work toward the goals.

Gene Methylation in Circulating Tumor DNA as an Early Biomarker for Treatment Effect in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Despite several limitations, the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1) are still the gold standard in response evaluation of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

What Are Your Goals? Goal-Setting Logics in Danish Parkinson's Rehabilitation.

Across rehabilitation fields, rehabilitees and professionals meet to set rehabilitation goals. Portrayed as an ordinary, yet foundational practice in rehabilitation, participants often find goal-setting meetings challenging; ideal and real seem to clash. Based on a long-term fieldwork in Danish Parkinson's disease rehabilitation, we explore goal-setting and its rationale to gain insight into why goal-setting qualifies as challenging.

Pilot-scale hydrolysis of primary sludge for production of easily degradable carbon to treat biological wastewater or produce biogas.

Organic compounds in wastewater are required for the biological removal of nitrogen, but they can also be used for biogas production. Distribution of the internal organic carbon at the plant is therefore critical to ensure high quality of the treated water, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and optimize biogas production. We describe a wastewater treatment plant designed to focus equally on energy production, water quality, and reduced emissions of greenhouse gases.