Evaluation of lung adverse events with nivolumab using the spontaneous reporting system in Japan.

This study was conducted to examine times to onset, incidence rates, and outcomes of nivolumab-induced lung adverse events (AEs), using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database. We analysed data for the period between April 2004 and March 2021. Data on lung AEs were extracted, and relative risks of AEs were estimated using the reporting odds ratio.

Evaluation of Cardiac Adverse Events with Nivolumab Using a Japanese Real-World Database.

Background: Nivolumab has been used for the treatment of various types of cancers and has achieved improvements in overall survival. However, nivolumab can cause a variety of adverse events (AEs). Among these, cardiac-specific AEs have received little attention in clinical trials, despite their life-threatening potential.

Time to Onset of Bendamustine-associated Skin Damage Using the Spontaneous Reporting System.

Background/aim: Bendamustine-associated skin damage occurs frequently in Japan and can have a profound impact on health-related quality of life. To our knowledge, there are no reports on the timing of skin damage caused by bendamustine. This study assessed trends in and the time to onset of skin damage caused by bendamustine using the Japanese Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Database (JADER).

Evaluation of Medication Instruction Sheets for Patients Undergoing R-CHOP Therapy in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

Background/aim: High-dose chemotherapy is frequently administered to patients with hematologic malignancies, thereby causing severe adverse drug reactions (ADRs) at a relatively high frequency. To precisely monitor ADRs, we developed a medication instruction sheet (MIS) for patients who received rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP) combination therapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Herein, we evaluated the usefulness of the MIS for managing ADRs in patients who received R-CHOP therapy.

Chemical reduction of Ag to Ag employing organic electron donors: evaluation of the effect of Ag-mediated cytosine-cytosine base pairing on the aggregation of Ag nanoparticles.

Ag-mediated base pairing is valuable for synthesising DNA-based silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and nanoclusters (AgNCs). Recently, we reported the formation of a [Ag(cytidine)] complex in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), which facilitated the evaluation of the effect of cytosine-Ag-cytosine (C-Ag-C) base pairing on the degree of AgNP aggregation in solution. As an aprotic solvent, DMSO was expected to dissolve the [Ag(cytidine)] complex, and powerful reducing agents, such as organic electron donors.

Effect of cytosine-Ag-cytosine base pairing on the redox potential of the Ag/Ag couple and the chemical reduction of Ag to Ag by tetrathiafulvalene.

The redox properties of metallo-base pairs remain to be elucidated. Herein, we report the detailed 1H/13C/109Ag NMR spectroscopic and cyclic voltammetric characterisation of the [Ag(cytidine)2]+ complex as isolated cytosine-Ag+-cytosine (C-Ag+-C) base pairs. We also performed comparative studies between cytidine/Ag+ and other nucleoside/Ag+ systems by using cyclic voltammetry measurements.

Informatics framework of traditional Sino-Japanese medicine (Kampo) unveiled by factor analysis.

Kampo, an empirically validated system of traditional Sino-Japanese medicine, aims to treat patients holistically. This is in contrast to modern medicine, which focuses in principle on treating the affected parts of the body of the patient. Kampo medicines formulated as combinations of crude drugs are prescribed based on a Kampo-specific diagnosis called Sho (in Japanese), defined as the holistic condition of each patient.

The intermediate domain defines broad nucleotide selectivity for protein folding in Chlamydophila GroEL1.

The chaperonin GroEL assists protein folding in the presence of ATP and magnesium through substrate protein capsulation in combination with the cofactor GroES. Recent studies have revealed the details of folding cycles of GroEL from Escherichia coli, yet little is known about the GroEL-assisted protein folding mechanisms in other bacterial species. Using three model enzyme assays, we have found that GroEL1 from Chlamydophila pneumoniae, an obligate human pathogen, has a broader selectivity for nucleotides in the refolding reaction.