Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Times of COVID-19: Examining Emotional and Behavioral Problems, Parental Well-Being, and Resilience.

This longitudinal study assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; n = 62; M = 13 years) by measuring emotional and behavioral problems before and during the pandemic, and by comparing this change to a matched sample of children without ASD (n = 213; M = 16 years). Moreover, we examined whether indicators of parental well-being promoted resilience of children with ASD. Results showed that the mean change in problems did not differ between children with and without ASD.

Associations of parents' use of food as reward with children's eating behaviour and BMI in a population-based cohort.

Background: Parents' use of food as reward has been linked to children's dietary intake, but the association with children's eating behaviour and overweight risk is less clear.

Objectives: To examine the temporal association of using food as reward with eating behaviour, body mass index (BMI) and weight status of children.

Methods: Participants were 3642 children of the population-based Generation R Study in the Netherlands (8.

Psychometric qualities of the Short Form of the Self-efficacy for Parenting Tasks Index-Toddler Scale.

Parental self-efficacy (PSE; parental self-perceived competence in parenting) is known to have considerable impact on parenting quality. Although PSE is particularly under pressure during the turbulent period of toddlerhood, most studies so far have focused on PSE in parents of older children. The current study presents the psychometric qualities of the Short Form of the Self-Efficacy for Parenting Tasks Index-Toddler Scale (SEPTI-TS).

Development of regulation disorders into specific psychopathology.

Underlying deficits in self-regulation and sensory processing are seen in children with regulation disorders (RD) and might lead to emotional and behavioral problems as the child develops. However, little is known about the specific developmental course of RD. This follow-up study was conducted to investigate the development of a clinical sample of RD children, diagnosed by means of the Diagnostic Classification of Mental Health and Developmental Disorders of Infancy and Early Childhood, Revised (DC:0-3R; ZERO TO THREE, 1994), toward specific psychopathology 4 to 10 years later based on parent- and teacher-reports on the Child Behavior Checklist (T.

Current subjective state of health, and longitudinal psychological well-being over a period of 10 years, in a cohort of adults with congenital cardiac disease.

Objective: To examine the current subjective state of health, and the longitudinal course of psychological well-being, in adult patients with congenital cardiac malformations.

Methods: Our study concerns the second follow-up of a cohort of patients with congenital cardiac malformations. We examined 362 consecutive patients, aged from 20 to 46 years, who underwent surgical procedures for treatment of congenital cardiac disease between 1968 and 1980, specifically for treatment of atrial and ventricular septal defects, tetralogy of Fallot, transposition, and pulmonary stenosis.

Longitudinal development of psychopathology in an adult congenital heart disease cohort.

Background: Little is known about the development of psychopathology in patients with congenital heart disease (ConHD) from adolescence into adulthood. In this study, the course of psychopathology in a cohort of ConHD adults, who received their first heart surgery in childhood, was determined longitudinally over a 10-year-period.

Methods: At both the first (1989-1991) and second (2000-2001) follow-up, patients (n=251, aged 20-32 years) completed questionnaires during a psychological examination.

Styles of coping and social support in a cohort of adults with congenital heart disease.

Objective: To determine styles of coping, that is personal ways of dealing with problems, and social support, or support from the social environment, in a cohort of adults with congenital heart disease.

Methods: We subjected 362 patients with congenital heart disease, aged from 20 to 46 years, belonging to five diagnostic groups, to extensive medical and psychological examination from 20 to 33 years after their first open heart surgical procedure. During psychological examination, 342 patients filled in questionnaires concerning styles of coping, specifically the Utrecht Coping List, and social support, using the Social Support List.

Medical predictors for psychopathology in adults with operated congenital heart disease.

Aims: To test the predictive value of medical variables, covering the complete medical course from birth until the present, for long-term behavioural and emotional problems in adulthood, in patients operated for congenital heart disease in childhood.

Methods And Results: This study concerns the second psychological and medical follow-up of a cohort of patients operated for congenital heart disease (n=362; age 20-46 years). Behavioural and emotional problems were assessed with the Young Adult Self-Report and the Young Adult Behavior Checklist.

Decline in ventricular function and clinical condition after Mustard repair for transposition of the great arteries (a prospective study of 22-29 years).

Background: Great concern exists about the ability of the anatomic right ventricle to sustain the systemic circulation in patients with transposition of the great arteries who have undergone a Mustard procedure. A prospective study was made to examine long-term survival, clinical outcome, and right ventricular function 25 years after surgery.

Methods: Ninety-one consecutive patients underwent the Mustard procedure between 1973 and 1980.

Outcome of patients after surgical closure of ventricular septal defect at young age: longitudinal follow-up of 22-34 years.

Background: Long-term survival and clinical outcome after surgical closure of a VSD is poorly documented. Such data are important for the future perspectives, medical care, employability, and insurability of these patients.

Methods: 176 consecutive patients underwent surgical closure of an isolated VSD between 1968 and 1980 in our hospital.

Psychosocial functioning of the adult with congenital heart disease: a 20-33 years follow-up.

Aims: Since knowledge about the psychosocial function of adult patients with congenital heart disease is limited, we compared biographical characteristics, and emotional and social functioning of these patients with that of the reference groups.

Methods And Results: Patients with congenital heart disease (N=362, aged 20-46 years), belonging to five diagnostic groups, were subjected to extensive medical and psychological examination, 20-33 years after their first open heart surgery. All the patients were seen by the same psychologist, who examined their psychosocial functioning using a structured interview and questionnaires.

Excellent survival and low incidence of arrhythmias, stroke and heart failure long-term after surgical ASD closure at young age. A prospective follow-up study of 21-33 years.

Aims: Although studies have suggested good long-term results, arrhythmias, pulmonary hypertension and left ventricular dysfunction are mentioned as sequelae long-term after surgical atrial septal defect closure at young age. Most studies were performed only by questionnaire and in a retrospective manner. The long-term outcome is very important with regard to future employment and acceptance on insurance schemes.

Sensitivity of mononuclear leucocytes to glucocorticoids in elderly hip-fracture patients resistant to suppression of plasma cortisol by dexamethasone.

Objective: Elderly women with proximal femur fracture show a prolonged increase in plasma cortisol, which could have undesirable catabolic effects. Suppression of cortisol by dexamethasone is impaired, suggesting resistance to glucocorticoid effects at feedback inhibitory sites. We therefore wished to find out whether peripheral glucocorticoid sensitivity is normal.

Effects of colloidal resuscitation fluids on reticuloendothelial function and resistance to infection after hemorrhage.

The effects of three resuscitation fluids, hydroxyethyl starch (HES), Haemaccel, and fresh autologous blood, on reticuloendothelial system phagocytic and catabolic functions and resistance to infection after 40% hemorrhages in BALB/c mice were studied. The mice, anesthetized with isoflurane, were bled over a 10-min period, left hypovolemic for 30 min, and then resuscitated with their shed blood or the same volume of asanguineous fluid. Normothermia was maintained throughout the experiments.

Phagocytic reticuloendothelial function after hemorrhage and resuscitation: modulation by different fluids.

Although the efficacy of colloid resuscitation fluids in restoring cardiovascular status in hemorrhagic shock is accepted, the effect they have on the activity of the reticuloendothelial system (RES) is less clear. As interaction with the RES may be important in determining susceptibility to infections after resuscitation the effects of three such fluids, hydroxyethyl starch, Haemaccel, and fresh autologous blood on RES function after a 40% hemorrhage have been investigated in BALB/C mice. The mice, anesthetized with isoflurane, were bled over a 10 min period, left hypovolemic for 30 min, and then resuscitated with their shed blood or the same volume of asanguineous fluid.

Reticuloendothelial function after hemorrhage and hypothermia.

The effects of hypothermia and hemorrhage, alone and together, on reticuloendothelial system function have been studied in male BALB/c mice anesthetized with isoflurane. Whole body phagocytic activity was assessed at a deep body temperature (Tc) between 30 and 37 degrees C by measuring the clearance rate (K) of intravenously injected 51Cr-labeled sheep red blood cells (SRBC). There was a positive linear relationship between K and Tc.