Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI A(H5N1)) caused high mortality rates among wild and domestic birds in Europe from 2020 to 2023, notably spreading to fur farms in Finland in July 2023.
The virus was detected in animals like silver and blue foxes, minks, and raccoon dogs, showing severe health issues and mutations that may help it adapt to mammalian hosts.
Close cooperation between animal and human health authorities was necessary to manage the outbreak and to address potential health impacts, as the virus was linked to mass bird die-offs and vulnerable farm biosecurity practices.