Hyaluronic Acid-Based pH-Sensitive Nanogel: Synthesis, Characterization, and Assessment for Acyclovir Delivery In Vitro and In Vivo.

Acyclovir (ACV) is a potentially effective antiviral medication; however, it has a serious drawback, which is its poor solubility, bioavailability, and short half-life. The goal of this study is to improve its drawbacks through the synthesis of nanogels. In this study, the cross-linked hyaluronic acid-grafted poly(acrylamide--itaconic acid) nanogel is synthesized successfully through free radical polymerization and used as a safe pH-responsive carrier for ACV.

Multisensory Integration of Native and Nonnative Speech in Bilingual and Monolingual Adults.

Face-to-face speech communication is an audiovisual process during which the interlocuters use both the auditory speech signals as well as visual, oral articulations to understand the other. These sensory inputs are merged into a single, unified process known as multisensory integration. Audiovisual speech integration is known to be influenced by many factors, including listener experience.

Natural Bioactive Compounds in the Management of Periodontal Diseases: A Comprehensive Review.

Periodontal diseases, chronic inflammatory conditions affecting oral health, are primarily driven by microbial plaque biofilm and the body's inflammatory response, leading to tissue damage and potential tooth loss. These diseases have significant physical, psychological, social, and economic impacts, necessitating effective management strategies that include early diagnosis, comprehensive treatment, and innovative therapeutic approaches. Recent advancements in biomanufacturing have facilitated the development of natural bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, terpenoids, alkaloids, saponins, and peptides, which exhibit antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and tissue regenerative properties.

Novel high-efficient adsorbent based on modified gelatin/montmorillonite nanocomposite for removal of malachite green dye.

Shortage of drinking water has gained potential interest over the last few decades. Discharged industrial effluent, including various toxic pollutants, to water surfaces is one of the most serious environmental issues. The adsorption technique has become a widely studied method for the removal of toxic pollutants, specifically synthetic dyes, from wastewater due to its cost-effectiveness, high selectivity, and ease of operation.

Tosyl-carrageenan/alginate composite adsorbent for removal of Pb ions from aqueous solutions.

The current study effectively designed novel cross-linked tosyl-carrageenan/alginate (Ts-Car/Alg) beads to remove Pb ions from their aqueous solutions. To confirm the structure of the produced matrix, characterization methods such as XRD, SEM, FTIR, and EDX were used. Batch experiments were employed in order to further evaluate the adsorption efficiency of Pb ions.

Synthesis of biodegradable antimicrobial pH-sensitive silver nanocomposites reliant on chitosan and carrageenan derivatives for 5-fluorouracil drug delivery toward HCT116 cancer cells.

The current research relies on a one-pot green biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) with various ratios of silver (Ag) in the existence of N, N, N-trimethyl chitosan chloride (TMC) and carboxymethyl kappa-carrageenan (CMKC), to investigate the effectiveness of the synthesized silver nanocomposites (SNCs) as pH sensitive biodegradable carrier for orally intestinal delivery of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) drug. FTIR, XRD, TEM and FE-SEM/EDX methods were utilized to demonstrate the structure of the prepared polyelectrolyte complex PEC (TMC/CMKC) and SNCs (TMC/CMKC/Ag). The results showed that the 5-FU encapsulation effectiveness inside all of the prepared SNCs samples was improved by increasing the concentration of Ag, reaching 92.

Development of hydrogel based on Carboxymethyl cellulose/poly(4-vinylpyridine) for controlled releasing of fertilizers.

A novel Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and poly (4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) hydrogel system is synthesized with different ratios, in the presence of cross-linker N, N,- methylene bis-acrylamide (MBA). The hydrogel is characterized via FTIR spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The FTIR results showed a strong interaction between both CMC, P4VP and the loaded fertilizer.

Eco-friendly and biodegradable sodium alginate/quaternized chitosan hydrogel for controlled release of urea and its antimicrobial activity.

Hydrogels could be employed in agriculture for efficient management of water and controlled-release urea (CRU). This study aimed to synthesize a superabsorbent hydrogel for CRU by cross-linking sodium alginate (Alg) and N-(2-hydroxy-3-trimethyl ammonium) propyl chitosan chloride (HTACC). The hydrogel structure was characterized by various techniques, and the urea loading and releasing behaviors of the synthetic hydrogels were investigated.

One-pot green synthesis of antimicrobial chitosan derivative nanocomposites to control foodborne pathogens.

Food contamination by foodborne pathogens is considered a serious problem worldwide. This study aimed to show the efficacy of the one-pot green biosynthesis of nanocomposites as effective antimicrobial agents based on a water-soluble biodegradable polysaccharide and silver nitrate (AgNO). Silver (Ag) nanoparticles were synthesized using different concentrations of AgNO solution (1, 2, and 3 mM) in the presence of -quaternized chitosan and ,,-trimethyl chitosan chloride (TMC) as both a reducing and stabilizing agent.

Green synthesis of quaternized chitosan/silver nanocomposites for targeting mycobacterium tuberculosis and lung carcinoma cells (A-549).

Lung cancer (LC) is the most-deadly type of cancer representing a major public health problem worldwide. Tuberculosis TB is another infectious disease influencing lungs that causes death especially in developing countries. The present study is the first to report antimycobacterial activity of TMC/Ag nanocomposite.

Crystal violet dye removal using crosslinked grafted xanthan gum.

As water is the most important source for survival for all individuals around the world, water pollution via synthetic toxic dyes and microorganisms is considered as a serious worldwide environmental problem. The present work aimed to synthesize crosslinked grafted xanthan gum (XG) films with poly (N-vinyl imidazole), PVI, for both removing crystal violet (CV) dye and inhibiting Escherichia coli (E. coli) growth.

Encapsulation of bovine serum albumin within novel xanthan gum based hydrogel for protein delivery.

Aim of the present study is to investigate synthesis of novel hydrogel as a potential protein carrier, intended for controlled release formulation. The hydrophilic bovine serum albumin (BSA) was chosen as a model protein to be encapsulated within xanthan gum (XG)/poly (N‑vinyl imidazole (PVI) hydrogel. Both XG/PVI hydrogel and XG/PVI/BSA matrix structures were elucidated via different analysis tools such as FTIR, XRD, FE-SEM and EDX.

Synthesis of novel grafted hyaluronic acid with antitumor activity.

In our study, we aimed to synthesize novel grafted hyaluronic acid with cationic biodegradable polymer, poly (N-vinyl imidazole) (PVI), through free radical polymerization using potassium persulfate as initiator. The effect of various grafting factors including initiator and monomer concentrations, reaction time and temperature was studied on the percentage of grafting parameters such as; graft yield (% GY), grafting efficiency (% GE) and amount of homopolymer formation (% H). Maximum grafted HA was% GY = 235% and%GE = 83% obtained on optimum conditions at [I] = 17.

Green synthesis of antimicrobial and antitumor N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan chloride/poly (acrylic acid)/silver nanocomposites.

The present study is imported to solve two critical problems we face in our daily life which are microbial pollution and colon cancer. One pot green synthesis of a water soluble polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) between cationic polysaccharide as N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan chloride (TMC) and anionic polymer as poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) in presence of silver nanoparticles to yield (TMC/PAA/Ag) nanocomposites with different Ag weight ratios. Structure of TMC, PAA and TMC/PAA (PEC) were proved via different analysis tools.

Synthesis of novel biodegradable antibacterial grafted xanthan gum.

Xanthan gum (XG) is natural polysaccharides used in food industries as stabilizers and thickener agents. The problem is that some food products are found to be contaminated by pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphyloccus aureus (S.

Cytotoxicity and metal ions removal using antibacterial biodegradable hydrogels based on N-quaternized chitosan/poly(acrylic acid).

Physically crosslinked hydrogels resulted from interaction between N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan chloride (N-Quaternized Chitosan) (NQC) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) were synthesized in different weight ratios (3:1), (1:1) and (1:3) taking the following codes Q3P1, Q1P1 and Q1P3, respectively. Characterization of the mentioned hydrogels was done using several analysis tools including; FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA, biodegradation in simulated body fluid (SBF) and cytotoxicity against HepG-2 liver cancer cells. FTIR results proved that the prepared hydrogels were formed via electrostatic and H-bonding interactions, while XRD patterns proved that the prepared hydrogels -irrespective to their ratios- were more crystalline than both matrices NQC and PAA.

Synthesis, characterization and application of biodegradable crosslinked carboxymethyl chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) clay nanocomposites.

Crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh) nanocomposites were synthesized using terephthaloyl diisothiocyanate crosslinker, in the presence of montmorillonite (MMT), in different ratios of the two matrices. Characterization of nanocomposites was performed using different analyses. Swelling behavior was studied in different buffered solutions.

Synthesis, characterization and applications of N-quaternized chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels.

Hydrogels composed of N-quaternized chitosan (NQC) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in different weight ratios (1:3), (1:1) and (3:1) chemically crosslinked by glutaraldehyde in different weight ratios – 1.0 and 5.0% – have been prepared.

Synthesis and characterization of antimicrobial crosslinked carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles loaded with silver.

Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh)-silver nanoparticle (Ag) hydrogels with high antibacterial activity against three Gram +ve bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus faecalis), three Gram -ve bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Neisseria gonorrhoeae) and a Candida albicans fungus were prepared. The in situ preparation reaction involved crosslinking of CMCh with epichlorohydrin in alkaline medium containing silver nitrate to yield silver nanoparticles loaded CMCh hydrogel giving pale brown or darker hydrogels when the silver content increases. FTIR spectroscopy, SEM and TEM were done for the prepared hydrogels.

Synthesis and characterization of some novel antimicrobial thiosemicarbazone O-carboxymethyl chitosan derivatives.

Three novel thiosemicarbazone O-carboxymethyl chitosan derivatives were obtained via a condensation reaction of thiosemicarbazide O-carboxymethyl chitosan with o-hydroxybenzaldehyde, p-methoxybenzaldehyde, and p- chlorobenzaldehyde respectively. Their structures were characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, (13)C NMR and X-ray diffraction. The antimicrobial behaviors of the prepared derivatives against three types of bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (S.

Synthesis and characterization of carboxymethyl chitosan nanogels for swelling studies and antimicrobial activity.

Nanogels of a binary system of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh) and poly- (vinyl alcohol) PVA, were successfully synthesized by a novel in situ process. They were also characterized by various analytical tools like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). They were studied for their unique swelling properties in water and different pH solutions.

Novel antimicrobial organic thermal stabilizer and co-stabilizer for rigid PVC.

Biologically active N-benzoyl-4-(N-maleimido)-phenylhydrazide (BMPH) was synthesized and its structure was confirmed by elemental analysis and various spectral tools. It was examined as a thermal stabilizer and co-stabilizer for rigid poly (vinyl chloride) at 180 °C in air. Blending BMPH with reference samples in different ratios greatly lengthens the thermal stability value and improves the extent of discoloration of PVC.

Synthesis, characterization and application of enrofloxacin complexes as thermal stabilizers for rigid poly(vinyl chloride).

Synthesis and characterization of both binary Co(II)- (1), Ni(II)- (2) complexes with enrofloxacin drug (HL(1)) and ternary Co(II)- (3), Ni(II)- (4) complexes in presence of DL-alanine (H(2)L(2)) are reported using physico-chemical techniques. The antimicrobial activity of these complexes has been screened against two gram-positive and two gram-negative bacteria. Antifungal activity against two different fungi has been evaluated and compared with reference drug.

WITHDRAWN: Synthesis and characterization of novel biodegradable adsorbents based on carboxy methylchitosan-calixarenes.

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