Carcinomas of the external auditory canal: Management and results: A multicenter REFCOR propensity score matching study.

Objectives: To analyse prognostic factors and survival outcomes of malignant tumors of the external auditory canal, to investigate the role of regional surgery, and adjuvant radiotherapy in early stages and to investigate the role of surgery in operable T4 stage.

Setting: A retrospective analysis was conducted on all patients prospectively included in the national database of the French Expertize Network for Rare ENT Cancers (REFCOR) from January 2000 to December 2016.

Participants: 103 patients from 19 reference centers were included.

[Rare cancers of the head and neck on behalf of the REFCOR, part 1].

Among the 16,000 new cases of malignant tumors of the head and neck diagnosed in France each year, 10% are not conventional squamous cell carcinomas. These so-called rare cancers are distinguished by their presentation and patterns of failure, which is important to recognize in order to offer specific adapted management and maximize the chances of tumor control. These cancers can be rare by their histology, which determines their local invasiveness, and their hematogenous/nodal spread.

[Rare cancers of the head and neck on behalf of the REFCOR, part 2].

Among the 16,000 new cases of malignant tumors of the head and neck diagnosed in France each year, 10% are not conventional squamous cell carcinomas. These so-called rare cancers are distinguished by their presentation and patterns of failure, which is important to recognize in order to offer specific adapted management and maximize the chances of tumor control. These cancers can be rare by their histology as well as their anatomical location when arising from the paranasal sinuses, salivary glands and ear.

[A thyroid-like low-grade nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma].

Thyroid-like low-grade nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma is a rare histopathological entity. Patients usually complain of nasal obstruction and epistaxis. Diagnosis is confirmed on endonasal biopsy using immunohistochemical studies.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands: A French Network of Rare Head and Neck Tumors (REFCOR) prospective study of 292 cases.

Background: To describe the characteristics of the largest European study of MEC of salivary glands and to determine the prognostic factors for overall and disease free survival.

Patients And Methods: Patients with MEC were prospectively included in the Réseau d'Expertise Français sur les Cancers ORL Rares (REFCOR, French Network of Rare Head and Neck Tumors) database between 2009 and 2015.

Results: A total of 292 patients were included.

Gold nanoclusters as a contrast agent for image-guided surgery of head and neck tumors.

With the objective to evaluate the potential of ultra-small gold (Au) nanoclusters (NCs) for optical image-guided surgery, we synthesized and characterized AuNCs shelled by zwitterionic or pegylated ligands. The toxicity of the different AuNCs was evaluated on the Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) CAL-33 and SQ20B cell lines in vitro. The safer AuNCs were administrated intravenously to mice for the determination of the pharmacokinetic properties.

Evaluation of the theranostic properties of gadolinium-based nanoparticles for head and neck cancer.

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the benefits of the combination of Gadolinium-based nanoparticles AGuIX and radiotherapy on the recurrence free survival after tumor resection in a head and neck animal orthotopic model.

Methods: Human head and neck CAL33 orthotopic tumors were implanted in female NMRI nude mice. The biodistribution of AGuIX was studied by fluorescence imaging.

Facial nerve tractography: A new tool for the detection of perineural spread in parotid cancers.

Objectives: To determine whether facial nerve MR tractography is useful in detecting PeriNeural Spread in parotid cancers.

Methods: Forty-five participants were enrolled. Thirty patients with surgically managed parotid tumors (15 malignant, 15 benign) were compared with 15 healthy volunteers.

Malnutrition and refeeding syndrome prevention in head and neck cancer patients: from theory to clinical application.

Purpose: The goal of this review is to raise awareness about refeeding syndrome (RFS) and to give a comprehensive presentation of recent guidelines and latest scientific data about nutritional management among head and neck cancer (HNC) patients while focusing on RFS prevention.

Methods: A review of literature for nutritional assessment and RFS management was conducted. Electronic searches of Medline, Cochrane, PubMed and Embase databases for articles published in peer-reviewed journals were conducted from February to September 2017 using the keywords: "nutrition assessment", "head and neck cancer", "refeeding syndrome" and "guidelines".

Cricoarytenoid Joint Ankylosis: Classification and Transoral Laser Microsurgical Treatment.

Objective: This study aimed to describe a graduated approach for effective transoral mobilization of cricoarytenoid joint ankylosis (CJA) in the context of the Bogdasarian system of classifying posterior glottic web-based stenosis (PGWS).

Study Design: This is a retrospective cohort study through data from medical records and operative notes. A consecutive series of 23 patients who underwent reconstructive transoral laser microsurgery for PGWS with a significant degree of CJA (Bogdasarian grade III-IV) was included in the study.

Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea: Association with Body Weight and Imaging Data.

 Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea (SCSFR) might be the only clinical manifestation of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), which has been historically related to overweight. Our goal was to search for an association between SCSFR and increased body weight on the one hand and SCSFR and imaging findings suggestive of IIH on the other hand.  We retrospectively collected clinical and radiological data of patients operated on endoscopically for SCSFR in our institution from 1993 to 2013.

Reconstructive transoral laser microsurgery for posterior glottic web with stenosis.

Objectives/hypothesis: To demonstrate that reconstructive transoral laser microsurgical (R-TLM) techniques can be used for the treatment of symptomatic laryngeal posterior glottic web-based stenosis (PGWS) in a large cohort of patients utilizing a postcricoid mucosal advancement flap (PCMAF).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort review.

Methods: A consecutive series of patients with PGWS who underwent R-TLM using a PCMAF were reviewed for outcomes.

Schizophyllum commune: an emergent or misdiagnosed fungal pathogen in rhinology?

Schizophyllum commune is a common basidiomycete fungus that is rarely involved in human disease. The medical records of patients operated on for fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS) in two University Hospitals between 2012 and 2014 were reviewed. Within the two-year survey, six female, and notably no male, patients were diagnosed with S.

Near-infrared fluorescence imaging-guided surgery improves recurrence-free survival rate in novel orthotopic animal model of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Appropriate animal models are required to test novel therapeutics for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) such as near-infrared (NIR) imaging-guided surgery.

Methods: We developed an optimized animal model of orthotopic HNSCC (in female athymic NMRI (Naval Medical Research Institute) nude mice) with a prolonged survival time. Resection of the orthotopic tumors was performed 30 days after implantation with or without the aid of a miniaturized clinical grade NIR optical imaging device, after systemic administration of a fluorescent RGD-based probe that targets αv β3 integrin.

Role of near-infrared fluorescence imaging in head and neck cancer surgery: from animal models to humans.

Complete resection of head and neck cancers with negative surgical margins improves the prognosis of the disease and decreases the recurrence rate. Near-infrared fluorescence-guided surgery of head and neck cancer is a rapidly evolving field that represents an invaluable tool for tumor detection and resection. Here, we present a literature review of the principles of near-infrared fluorescence imaging and its use in head and neck cancer surgery.

Rare case study of a primary carcinoma of the petrous bone and a brief literature review.

Background: Temporal bone carcinoma is an aggressive tumor with multiple unconfirmed risk factors.

Methods And Results: Herein, we present a rare case of a primary petrous bone carcinoma in a female patient (65 years old) with an irrelevant medical history. She presented a postauricular swelling that revealed a multilocular osteolytic cystic lesion of the mastoid portion of the temporal bone on the CT scan.

Lemierre syndrome: study of 11 cases and literature review.

Background: Lemierre syndrome is a rare but serious illness that associates throat infection and thrombosis of the internal jugular vein (IJV) or one of its tributaries with subsequent distant septic emboli. The purpose of our study was to review the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and treatment of this disease.

Methods: Patients with confirmed Lemierre syndrome were included in our retrospective monocentric study.

Sphenoid sinus fungus ball.

The objective of this retrospective study is to present a large series of patients with sphenoid sinus fungus ball (SSFB) and describe clinical manifestations, diagnostic workup, surgical treatment, and eventual complications of this disease. We included patients operated on for this disease over a 14-year period. All patients benefited from mid-to-long-term follow-up.

Descriptive epidemiology of upper aerodigestive tract cancers in France: incidence over 1980-2005 and projection to 2010.

Over the 1998-2002 period, some French Départements have been shown to have the world's highest incidence of upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers in men. The objectives were to describe the changes in UADT cancer incidence in France over the 1980-2005 period, present projections for 2010, and describe the anatomical and histological characteristics of these tumours. The trend of cancer-incidence over 1980-2005 and projection up to 2010 were obtained using age-period-cohort models (data from eleven cancer registries) and incidence/mortality ratios in the area covered by these registries.

An acute ischemic stroke secondary to sphenoid sinusitis.

Acute isolated sphenoid sinusitis is a relatively uncommon entity. Because its symptoms and clinical findings are nonspecific, it can be easily misdiagnosed. Left unrecognized and untreated, it can lead to several well-known and severe complications, including meningitis, cerebral abscess, cavernous sinus thrombosis, and epidural or subdural empyema.

Right versus left stapes surgery: is there a difference?

Objectives: To search for a statistically significant difference in auditory results between right and left ears after surgery for otosclerosis.

Study Design: Retrospective case-review study.

Setting: Academic tertiary referral center.

[Risk factors for cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx (cavity excluded) and larynx].

Objective: To review the risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx.

Methods: Review of the literature using the Medline digital database (1980-2007). Previously published studies or studies not found in the database were included if relevant.

[Aberrant methylation of tumor suppressor genes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: is it clinically relevant?].

During malignant transformation, the malignant cell accumulates epigenetic abnormalities that do not alter the DNA sequence but are transmissible during divisions and modify genes expression. The methylation of CpG islands in the tumor suppressor genes (TS genes) promoters inhibits their transcription ; it is a mecanism of gene inactivation as frequent as allelic deletions. The methylation profile (or panel of methylated genes in a tumor), similarly to allelic deletions, varies with the tumor histology.