Effect of introduction of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring on glycaemic control in individuals living with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with non-insulin therapies-A randomised controlled trial.

Aims: This pilot randomised controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effect of introducing isCGM on glycaemic control and diabetes distress in individuals with T2DM receiving non-insulin therapies.

Materials And Methods: Forty adults with T2DM were randomised to either receive FreeStyle Libre 2 (Libre 2), an isCGM system, or FreeStyle Libre Pro iQ (Libre Pro) also known as 'blinded' CGM. Participants were followed for 12 weeks.

Are There Non-Invasive Biomarker(s) That Would Facilitate the Detection of Ovarian Torsion? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Ovarian torsion (OT) is a rare gynaecological emergency that requires a prompt diagnosis for optimal patient management. To determine whether there were any biomarkers suitable for the non-invasive detection of OT, two independent reviewers performed systematic searches of five literature databases (PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Cochrane, and CINAHL) from inception until October 1st, 2023. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, the search included patients with OT that had quantified biomarker expression with no age, geographical location, publication date, language, or setting restrictions.

Evaluating the Role of Ultrasound in Prostate Cancer trial - phase 1: Early experience of micro-ultrasound in the United Kingdom.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate if the use of micro-ultrasound can detect clinically significant prostate pathology when compared to histology obtained during a transperineal prostate biopsy.

Methods: Patients suspected of having prostate cancer, who had a pre-biopsy magnetic resonance imaging and could tolerate a transrectal examination, were prospectively recruited. All patients had a micro-ultrasound scan prior to their biopsy.

Disease progression in chronic heart failure is linear: Insights from multistate modelling.

Aims: Understanding the pattern of disease progression in chronic heart failure (HF) may inform patient care and healthcare system design. We used a four-state Markov model to describe the disease trajectory of patients with HF.

Methods And Results: Consecutive patients (n = 4918) were enrolled (median age 75 [67-81] years, 61.

A framework for joint music making: Behavioral findings, neural processes, and computational models.

Across different epochs and societies, humans occasionally gather to jointly make music. This universal form of collective behavior is as fascinating as it is fragmentedly understood. As the interest in joint music making (JMM) rapidly grows, we review the state-of-the-art of this emerging science, blending behavioral, neural, and computational contributions.

Discovery of HC-7366: An Orally Bioavailable and Efficacious GCN2 Kinase Activator.

A series of activators of GCN2 (general control nonderepressible 2) kinase have been developed, leading to HC-7366, which has entered the clinic as an antitumor therapy. Optimization resulted in improved permeability compared to that of the original indazole hinge binding scaffold, while maintaining potency at GCN2 and selectivity over PERK (protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase). The improved ADME properties of this series led to robust compound exposure in both rats and mice, allowing HC-7366 to be dosed in xenograft models, demonstrating that activation of the GCN2 pathway by this compound leads to tumor growth inhibition.

Diagnosis of metaphyseal fractures in infants and young children with suspected inflicted injury: a systematic review of cross-sectional imaging techniques.

Aim: To compare the diagnostic accuracy, advantages, and disadvantages of different medical imaging techniques for detecting metaphyseal fractures (also known as classic metaphyseal lesions [CMLs]) in infants and young children with suspected inflicted trauma.

Materials And Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist and Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool criteria. Predefined keywords were used to search online databases for English articles published between 1 January 1980 and 31 March 2023.

Seasonal Azithromycin Use in Paediatric Protracted Bacterial Bronchitis Does Not Promote Antimicrobial Resistance but Does Modulate the Nasopharyngeal Microbiome.

Protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) causes chronic wet cough for which seasonal azithromycin is increasingly used to reduce exacerbations. We investigated the impact of seasonal azithromycin on antimicrobial resistance and the nasopharyngeal microbiome. In an observational cohort study, 50 children with PBB were enrolled over two consecutive winters; 25/50 at study entry were designated on clinical grounds to take azithromycin over the winter months and 25/50 were not.

In Vivo Trafficking of the Anticancer Drug Tris(8-Quinolinolato) Gallium (III) (KP46) by Gallium-68/67 PET/SPECT Imaging.

KP46 (tris(hydroxyquinolinato)gallium(III)) is an experimental, orally administered anticancer drug. Its absorption, delivery to tumours, and mode of action are poorly understood. We aimed to gain insight into these issues using gallium-67 and gallium-68 as radiotracers with SPECT and PET imaging in mice.

The Effect of a Very-Low-Calorie Diet (VLCD) vs. a Moderate Energy Deficit Diet in Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)-A Randomised Controlled Trial.

We performed an open-label, randomised controlled trial to compare the effects of a very-low-calorie diet (VLCD) vs. moderate energy deficit approach on body weight, body composition, free androgen index (FAI), and metabolic markers in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Forty eligible patients were randomly assigned to a VLCD ( = 21) or a conventional energy deficit approach ( = 19) over the same period.

PERK Inhibition by HC-5404 Sensitizes Renal Cell Carcinoma Tumor Models to Antiangiogenic Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors.

Purpose: Tumors activate protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK, also called EIF2AK3) in response to hypoxia and nutrient deprivation as a stress-mitigation strategy. Here, we tested the hypothesis that inhibiting PERK with HC-5404 enhances the antitumor efficacy of standard-of-care VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR-TKI).

Experimental Design: HC-5404 was characterized as a potent and selective PERK inhibitor, with favorable in vivo properties.

Associations of Food Addiction Symptomatology and Disordered Eating Behaviors in a Pre-Surgical Bariatric Population.

The construct of food addiction (FA) has been highly debated in recent years particularly in the fields of disordered eating, medical weight management, and bariatric surgery. Some researchers have argued that FA symptoms are distinct, highly prevalent, and present a barrier for patients seeking medical treatment for obesity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cross-sectional associations between FA symptomatology, binge eating disorder (BED) and other appetitive traits, as well as dietary quality in a sample of adults with obesity seeking bariatric surgery.

Psychometric Analysis of the Rapid Eating Assessment for Participants-Short Form to Evaluate Dietary Quality in a Pre-Surgical Bariatric Population.

Dietary quality and eating behaviors are essential to evaluating bariatric surgery candidates. The Rapid Eating Assessment for Participants-Short Form (REAP-S) is a previously validated measure of dietary quality suited for use in primary care. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the REAP-S in a pre-surgical bariatric population.

Self-Healing Hydrogel Scaffolds through PET-RAFT Polymerization in Cellular Environment.

Photo electron/energy transfer-reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) has emerged as a powerful reversible-deactivation radical polymerization technique, enabling oxygen-tolerant polymerizations with exquisite spatiotemporal control through irradiation with visible light. In contrast to traditional free radical photo-polymerization, which often requires the use of DNA-damaging UV irradiation, PET-RAFT offers a more cytocompatible alternative for the preparation of polymeric materials in cell culture environments. Herein, we report the use of PET-RAFT for the fabrication of self-healing hydrogels using commercially available monomers, reaching high monomer conversions and cell encapsulation efficiencies.

Embedding new technology into clinical ultrasound practice: Is role extension for sonographers the key to improving patient pathways?

Introduction: MicroUS is a new imaging technique that may have potential to reliably monitor prostate disease and therefore release capacity in MRI departments. Firstly, however, it is essential to identify which healthcare staff may be suitable to learn to use this modality. Based on previous evidence, UK sonographers may be well placed to harness this resource.

Assessment and impact of paediatric internalized weight bias: A systematic review.

Background: Internalized weight bias (IWB) refers to an individual's belief in negative weight-related stigma. Children and adolescents are particularly vulnerable to IWB, but little is known about IWB in this population.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review to (1) identify the instruments that measure IWB among children and adolescents and (2) explore comorbid variables associated with paediatric IWB.