Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization level and intracellular reservoir: a prospective cohort study.

Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen in humans. The nasal vestibule is considered as the main reservoir of S. aureus.

Bacteremia and adrenal gland abscess due to Nocardia cyriacigeorgica: a case report and review.

Background: Nocardia cyriacigeorgica is one of the most common Nocardia species found in human infections, recently reclassified. Even though Nocardia may affect all organs by hematogenous dissemination, bacteremia are uncommon. Among all possible dissemination sites, the involvement of the adrenal glands is particularly rare.

Ceftazidime dosing in obese patients: is it time for more?

Introduction: Ceftazidime is used for the treatment of many bacterial infections, including severe infections. Like other beta-lactams, inter-individual variability in ceftazidime pharmacokinetics has been described. Due to its related pathophysiological modifications, obesity might influence ceftazidime pharmacokinetics.

Key Role of Staphylococcal Fibronectin-Binding Proteins During the Initial Stage of Keratitis in Humans.

Objectives: is one of the main causes of bacterial keratitis in humans. This study was aimed at investigating the mechanisms of adhesion to the human corneal epithelium involved during the initial stage of infectious keratitis.

Methods: Human corneas stored in a specific active storage machine that restores a normal pluristratified epithelium were used to assess adhesion level to intact and injured tissues using immunostaining.

Evaluation of the MRSA/SA ELITe MGB Assay for the Detection of in Bone and Joint Infections.

Bone and joint infections represent a potentially devastating complication of prosthetic orthopedic joint replacement, thus requiring both rapid and appropriate antibiotic treatment. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common pathogens involved in this pathology. Being able to assert its presence is the first step of efficient patient management.

Evidence of HIV-1 Genital Shedding after One Year of Antiretroviral Therapy in Females Recently Diagnosed in Bamako, Mali.

Little is known about the dynamic of HIV-1 shedding and resistance profiles in the female genital reservoir after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation in resource-limited countries (RLCs), which is critical for evaluating the residual sexual HIV-1 transmission risk. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 1 year duration ART at blood and genital levels in females newly diagnosed for HIV-1 from three centers in Bamako, Mali. Seventy-eight consenting females were enrolled at the time of their HIV-1 infection diagnosis.

Improved Enzyme Protection Assay to Study Staphylococcus aureus Internalization and Intracellular Efficacy of Antimicrobial Compounds.

Staphylococcus aureus expresses virulence factors to trigger its internalization into eukaryote cells and to survive inside different subcellular compartments. This paper describes an enzyme protection assay to study the extent of S. aureus internalization and its intracellular survival in adherent non-professional phagocytic cells (NPPCs) as well as the intracellular efficacy of antimicrobial compounds.

Evaluation of in vitro activity of copper gluconate against SARS-CoV-2 using confocal microscopy-based high content screening.

Context: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that emerged late in 2019 is the etiologic agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). There is an urgent need to develop curative and preventive therapeutics to limit the current pandemic and to prevent the re-emergence of Covid-19. This study aimed to assess the in vitro activity of copper gluconate against SARS-CoV-2.

A longitudinal study of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients reveals a high correlation between neutralizing antibodies and COVID-19 severity.

Understanding the immune responses elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection is critical in terms of protection against reinfection and, thus, for public health policy and vaccine development for COVID-19. In this study, using either live SARS-CoV-2 particles or retroviruses pseudotyped with the SARS-CoV-2 S viral surface protein (Spike), we studied the neutralizing antibody (nAb) response in serum samples from a cohort of 140 SARS-CoV-2 qPCR-confirmed infections, including patients with mild symptoms and also more severe forms, including those that required intensive care. We show that nAb titers correlated strongly with disease severity and with anti-spike IgG levels.

Evaluation of effectiveness and compliance with the mupirocin nasal ointment part of Staphylococcus aureus decolonization in real life using UPLC-MS/MS mupirocin quantification.

Background: Preoperative decolonization is recommended in Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriers scheduled for cardiac surgery. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of and compliance with mupirocin use in nasal S. aureus carriers in a real-life setting.

Comparison of the Fully Automated FilmArray BCID Assay to a 4-Hour Culture Test Coupled to Mass Spectrometry for Day 0 Identification of Microorganisms in Positive Blood Cultures.

Rapid bacterial identification of positive blood culture is important for adapting the antimicrobial therapy in patients with blood stream infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the multiplex FilmArray Blood Culture Identification (BCID) assay by comparison to an in-house protocol based on MALDI-TOF MS identification of microcolonies after a 4-hour culture, for identifying on the same day the microorganisms present in positive blood culture bottles. One hundred and fifty-three positive bottles from 123 patients were tested prospectively by the 3 techniques of bacterial identification: 11 bottles yielding negative results by the 3 tests were considered false positive (7.

Community-Acquired Staphylococcus argenteus Sequence Type 2250 Bone and Joint Infection, France, 2017.

We report a rare case of Staphylococcus argenteus bone and joint infection in a 9-year-old boy in France. His finger arthritis was complicated by osteitis 5 weeks later, which resulted in a secondary intervention. This case indicates the virulence of S.

Intracellular activity of antimicrobial compounds used for Staphylococcus aureus nasal decolonization.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is able to invade mammalian cells during infection and was recently observed inside nasal mucosa of healthy carriers.

Objectives: To determine the intracellular activity of antimicrobial compounds used for decolonization procedures using a cell model mimicking S. aureus nasal epithelium invasion.

Epidemiology and clinical relevance of Staphylococcus aureus intestinal carriage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Recent data highlight the importance of screening more than one site for improving the detection of S. aureus colonization. Intestinal carriage is frequently under-investigated and its clinical impact ought to be defined a better way.

Advances in the Development of Janus Kinase Inhibitors in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Future Prospects.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is caused by a dysregulation of the immune system, inducing the production of proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules. A better understanding of the mucosal immune response in IBD has led to the development of new drugs directed at inflammatory cytokines and leukocyte-trafficking molecules. Beyond tumor necrosis factor antagonists and anti-integrin molecules, which act by blocking the interaction between gut-specific lymphocytes and their receptor on vascular endothelium, the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway represents a new target in IBD.

Golimumab pharmacokinetics in ulcerative colitis: a literature review.

Golimumab (GLM) is the latest anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) that gained its marketing license. Thanks to the PURSUIT induction and maintenance trials, it was approved for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) in 2013. The other anti-TNF drugs available are infliximab and adalimumab.

Evaluation of New bioMérieux Chromogenic CPS Media for Detection of Urinary Tract Pathogens.

Four chromogenic media were compared for their ability to detect urinary tract pathogens in 299 urine specimens, of which 175 were found positive, allowing the growth of 279 microorganisms. After 18 to 24 h of incubation, the CPS ID4, CPSE, CPSO (bioMérieux), and UriSelect4 (Bio-Rad) media showed sensitivities of 97.1%, 99.